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  • 1
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    Module Hipot and ground continuity test results (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Hipot (high voltage potential) and module frame continuity tests of solar energy conversion modules intended for deployment into large arrays are discussed. The purpose of the tests is to reveal potentially hazardous voltage conditions in installed modules, and leakage currents that may result in loss of power or cause ground fault system problems, i.e., current leakage potential and leakage voltage distribution. The tests show a combined failure rate of 36% (69% when environmental testing is included). These failure rates are believed easily corrected by greater care in fabrication.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Proc. of the 24th Project Integration Meeting; p 619-631
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Qualification testing of flat-plate photovoltaic modules (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The placement of photovoltaic modules in various applications, in climates and locations throughout the world, results in different degrees and combinations of environmental and electrical stress. Early detection of module reliability deficiencies via laboratory testing is necessary for achieving long, satisfactory field service. This overview paper describes qualification testing techniques being used in the US Department of Energy's flat-plate terrestrial photovoltaic development program in terms of their significance, rationale for specified levels and durations, and test results.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Reliability; R-31; Aug. 198
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Some recent studies with the solid-ionomer electrochemical capacitor (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A high energy density, all solid ionomer electrochemical capacitor was developed, which is completely free of liquid electrolyte. The novel features of this device include a three dimensional metal oxide particulate ionomer composite electrode structure, and a unitized repeating cell element. The composite electrode structures are bonded to opposite sides of a thin sheet of a solid proton conducting ionomer membrane and form an integrally bonded membrane and electrode assembly (MEA). Individual MEAs can be stacked in series as bipolar elements to form a multiple cell device. The discharge characteristics and energy storage properties of these devices are described. Typical capacitance measured for a unit cell is 1 F/sq cm. Life testing of a multicell capacitor on an intermittent basis has shown, that over a 10,000 hour period, the capacitance and resistance of the cell has remained invariant. There has been no maintenance required on the device since it was fabricated. Other multicell units of shorter life duration have exhibited similar reliable performance characteristics.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Space Electrochemical Research and Technology; p 175-193
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Environmental testing of block 3 solar cell modules. Part 1: Qualification testing of standard production modules (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Qualification tests of solar cell modules are described. These modules continue to show improvement over earlier type modules tested. Cell cracking and delamination are less prevalent, and interconnect problems and electrical degradation from environmental testing are now rare.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-162547 , JPL-PUB-79-96 , DOE/JPL-1012-30
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Advanced double layer capacitors (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Work was conducted that could lead to a high energy density electrochemical capacitor, completely free of liquid electrolyte. A three-dimensional RuO sub x-ionomer composite structure has been successfully formed and appears to provide an ionomer ionic linkage throughout the composite structure. Capacitance values of approximately 0.6 F/sq cm were obtained compared with 1 F/sq cm when a liquid electrolyte is used with the same configuration.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA, Lewis Research Center, Space Electrochemical Research and Technology (SERT), 1989; p 83-94
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Some tests of flat plate photovoltaic module cell temperatures in simulated field conditions (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT) of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules is an important characteristic. Typically, the power output of a PV module decreases 0.5% per deg C rise in cell temperature. Several tests were run with artificial sun and wind to study the parametric dependencies of cell temperature on wind speed and direction and ambient temperature. It was found that the cell temperature is extremely sensitive to wind speed, moderately so to wind direction and rather insensitive to ambient temperature. Several suggestions are made to obtain data more typical of field conditions.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Photovoltaic Specialists Conference; May 12, 1981 - May 15, 1981; Kissimmee, FL
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Environmental testing of block 2 solar cell modules (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The testing procedures and results of samples of the LSA Project Block 2 procurement of silicon solar cell modules are described. Block 2 was the second large scale procurement of silicon solar cell modules made by the JPL Low-cost Solar Array Project with deliveries in 1977 and early 1978. The results showed that the Block 2 modules were greatly improved over Block 1 modules. In several cases it was shown that design improvements were needed to reduce environmental test degradation. These improvements were incorporated during this production run.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-158521 , JPL-PUB-79-5 , DOE/JPL-1012-79/1
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Qualification test results for DOE solar photovoltaic flat panel procurement - PRDA 38 (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Twelve types of prototypes modules for the DOE Photovoltaic Flat Panel Procurement (PRDA 38) were subjected to qualification tests at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory according to a new specification. Environmental exposures were carried out separately and included temperature cycling, humidity, wind simulation, and hail. The most serious problems discovered were reduced insulation resistance to ground and ground continuity of the metal frames, electrical degradation, erratic power readings, and delamination. The electrical and physical characteristics of the newly received modules are also given.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Photovoltaic Specialists Conference; Jan 07, 1980 - Jan 10, 1980; San Diego, CA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Environmental testing of terrestrial flat plate photovoltaic modules (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Low-Cost Solar Array (LSA) Project at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory has as one objective: the development and implementation of environmental tests for flat plate photovoltaic modules as part of the Department of Energy's terrestrial photovoltaic program. Modules procured under this program have been subjected to a variety of laboratory tests intended to simulate service environments, and the results of these tests have been compared to available data from actual field service. This comparison indicates that certain tests (notably temperature cycling, humidity cycling, and cyclic pressure loading) are effective indicators of some forms of field failures. Other tests have yielded results useful in formulating module design guidelines. Not all effects noted in field service have been successfully reproduced in the laboratory, however, and work is continuing in order to improve the value of the test program as a tool for evaluating module design and workmanship. This paper contains a review of these ongoing efforts and an assessment of significant test results to date.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference; Aug 05, 1979 - Aug 10, 1979; Boston, MA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Environmental testing of flat plate solar cell modules (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Commercially available flat-plate solar cell modules have been subjected to a variety of environmental tests designed to simulate service conditions. Among the tests are those simulating heat and rain, wind-driven rains, humidity and freezing, humidity and heat, humidity with a voltage bias, salt fog, hail impact, and fungus infestation. Tests for optical surface soiling and the combined effects of temperature, humidity and UV irradiation are under development. A correlation has been demonstrated between degradation caused by the qualification tests and such observed field effects as power loss.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Seminar on Testing Solar Energy Materials and Systems; May 22, 1978 - May 24, 1978; Gaithersburg, MD
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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