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  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (10)
  • 1
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    Digital exploitation of synthetic aperture radar (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A digital processing and analysis scheme for use with digitized synthetic aperture radar data was developed. Using data from a four channel system, the imagery is preprocessed using specially designed software and then analyzed using preexisting facilities originally intended for use with MSS type data. Geometric and radiometric correction may be performed if desired, as well as classification analysis, Fast Fourier transform, filtering and level slice and display functions. The system provides low cost output in real time, permitting interactive imagery analysis. System information flow diagrams as well as sample output products are shown.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of the 11th Intern. Symp. on Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 1; p 563-570
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Integration of remote sensing and surface geophysics in the detection of faults (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Remote sensing was included in a comprehensive investigation of the use of geophysical techniques to aid in underground mine placement. The primary objective was to detect faults and slumping, features which, due to structural weakness and excess water, cause construction difficulties and safety hazards in mine construction. Preliminary geologic reconnaissance was performed on a potential site for an underground oil shale mine in the Piceance Creek Basin of Colorado. LANDSAT data, black and white aerial photography and 3 cm radar imagery were obtained. LANDSAT data were primarily used in optical imagery and digital tape forms, both of which were analyzed and enhanced by computer techniques. The aerial photography and radar data offered supplemental information. Surface linears in the test area were located and mapped principally from LANDSAT data. A specific, relatively wide, linear pointed directly toward the test site, but did not extend into it. Density slicing, ratioing, and edge enhancement of the LANDSAT data all indicated the existence of this linear. Radar imagery marginally confirmed the linear, while aerial photography did not confirm it.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of the 11th Intern. Symp. on Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 2; p 1137-1146
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Radar backscatter of sea ice during winter (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Active microwave measurements were made during the 1987 Marginal Ice Zone Experiment. Backscatter data were acquired at frequencies from 1.25 to 35 GHz, at incidence angles from 0 to 80 deg, and with linear antenna polarizations. The objective was to describe the scattering coefficients of the major ice types in the region and to study the winter conditions and their influence on the microwave response. Results show that multiyear and pancake ice produce strong backscatter, while returns from open water between floes and new ice are weak. First-year ice has a wide range of returns; when the surface is smooth returns are weak, and if roughened, i.e., like pancake ice, the returns increase substantially.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: ESA, Proceedings of the 1988 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) '88 on Remote Sensing: Moving Towards the 21st Century, Volume 2; p 1115-1118
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Feasibility of using multiplexed SLAR imagery for water resources management and mapping vegetation communities (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A two-wavelength (X band and L band) multiplexed synthetic aperture side-looking airborne radar (SLAR), providing parallel- and cross-polarized images, has been tested for application in mapping vegetation and water resources. Indications of the relative heights, densities, surface roughness and other parameters provided by the multiplexed radar imagery can be used to differentiate and map various types of vegetation. The multiplexed SLAR is superior to thermal IR imagery and aerial photography for determining heights of vegetation and water-land boundaries.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment; Apr 15, 1974 - Apr 19, 1974; Ann Arbor, MI
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  • 5
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    The application of airborne imaging radars (L and X-band) to earth resources problems (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: For abstract, see N75-24064.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-139385-2 , ERIM-104000-1-F
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    The application of airborne imaging radars (L and X-band) to earth resources problems (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A multiplexed synthetic aperture Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) that simultaneously images the terrain with X-band (3.2 cm) and L-band (23.0 cm) radar wavelengths was developed. The Feasibility of using multiplexed SLAR to obtain useful information for earth resources purposes. The SLAR imagery, aerial photographs, and infrared imagery are examined to determine the qualitative tone and texture of many rural land-use features imaged. The results show that: (1) Neither X- nor L-band SLAR at moderate and low depression angles can directly or indirectly detect pools of water under standing vegetation. (2) Many of the urban and rural land-use categories present in the test areas can be identified and mapped on the multiplexed SLAR imagery. (3) Water resources management can be done using multiplexed SLAR. (4) Drainage patterns can be determined on both the X- and L-band imagery.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-139385-1 , ERIM-104000-1-F
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Evaluation of ERIM optically processed SEASAT SAR data (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The results of three studies on the radiometric and geometric properties of optically processed SEASAT SAR imagery are summarized. The accuracy with which the image scale can be predicted based upon a knowledge of the SAR platform and recording system parameters and the processor characteristics was evaluated. The considerations involved in making radiometric measurements from image films, the use of point targets for calibrating the effects of Doppler spectrum shifts on the radiometric calibration of the SAR image data over extended swath lengths was evaluated
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E83-10037 , NASA-CR-169509 , NAS 1.26:169509 , ERIM-157800-1-F
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    The SEASAT Synthetic Aperture Radar - Engineering performance evaluation (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Results are presented for a study conducted in order to characterize the quality and consistency of the SEASAT Synthetic Aperture Radar image data set. The study evaluated a large spectrum of parameters, including the resolution, position location accuracy, and the amplitude calibration of the imagery produced from the raw data by processors at several institutions. It is demonstrated that this data set can be used to obtain resolution up to the theoretical limit of 6 m x 21 m, absolute position location to within 200 m, and relative calibration of the image data to within + or - 2 dB.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: 1982 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium; Jun 01, 1982 - Jun 04, 1982; Munich
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Remote sensing of the marginal ice zone during Marginal Ice Zone Experiment (MIZEX) 83 (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The remote sensing techniques utilized in the Marginal Ice Zone Experiment (MIZEX) to study the physical characteristics and geophysical processes of the Fram Strait Region of the Greenland Sea are described. The studies, which utilized satellites, aircraft, helicopters, and ship and ground-based remote sensors, focused on the use of microwave remote sensors. Results indicate that remote sensors can provide marginal ice zone characteristics which include ice edge and ice boundary locations, ice types and concentration, ice deformation, ice kinematics, gravity waves and swell (in the water and the ice), location of internal wave fields, location of eddies and current boundaries, surface currents and sea surface winds.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: ESA IGARSS 84. Remote Sensing: From Res. towards Operational Use, Vol. 1; p 339-346
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    SAR observations of coastal zone conditions (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Applications of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology to the observation of coastal zones phenomena are detailed. The conditions observed include gravity wave detection, surf zone location, surface currents, and long-period 'surf beats'. Algorithms have been developed and successfully tested that determine significant wave and current parameters from the sea surface backscatter of microwave energy. Doppler information from the SAR optical correlator allows a rough estimation of near shore surface flow velocities that has been found in agreement with both theory and in situ observations as well. Seasat SAR data of the Scotland and North Carolina coasts are considered, as well as the results of bathymetric updating of coastal area charts.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment; Apr 23, 1980 - Apr 30, 1980; San Jose; Costa Rica
    Format: text
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