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  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration  (11)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (8)
  • 1
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    Applications of ISES for vegetation and land use (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Remote sensing relative to applications involving vegetation cover and land use is reviewed to consider the potential benefits to the Earth Observing System (Eos) of a proposed Information Sciences Experiment System (ISES). The ISES concept has been proposed as an onboard experiment and computational resource to support advanced experiments and demonstrations in the information and earth sciences. Embedded in the concept is potential for relieving the data glut problem, enhancing capabilities to meet real-time needs of data users and in-situ researchers, and introducing emerging technology to Eos as the technology matures. These potential benefits are examined in the context of state-of-the-art research activities in image/data processing and management.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Earth Sciences Requirements for the Information Sciences Experiment System; p 169-187
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Polar and Non-Polar Layers on Mars: A Single Mechanism for Formation? (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: The recent discovery of vast quantities of near-subsurface ice in both polar regions of Mars by the Mars Odyssey Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS) has presented us with an interesting quandary. On one hand, these deposits, found poleward of 60 deg in both hemispheres, are consistent with thermal models suggesting ice will be best protected in these regions during periods of high obliquity. On the other hand, the current paradigm regarding the placement of these deposits, i.e., diffusive deposition of water vapor, appears to be inconsistent with the large volume mixing ratios (approx. 90%) inferred from the GRS data. This incongruity argues that diffusion alone cannot be the primary mechanism for the creation of these reservoirs, and that an alternate, large-scale process should be considered.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Third International Conference on Mars Polar Science and Exploration; LPI-Contrib-1184
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  • 3
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    The Polar Regions and Martian Climate: Studies with a Global Climate Model (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: Much of the interest in the polar regions centers on the fact that they likely contain the best record of Martian climate change on time scales from years to eons. This expectation is based upon the observed occurrence of weathering product deposits and volatile reservoirs that are coupled to the climate. Interpretation and understanding of these records requires understanding of the mechanisms that involve the exchange of dust, water, and carbon dioxide between the surface and atmosphere, and the atmospheric redistribution of these species. We will summarize our use of the GFDL Mars general circulation model (MGCM), to exploration aspects of the interaction between the global climate and the polar regions. For example, our studies have shown that while the northern polar cap is the dominant seasonal source for water, it can act as a net annual source or sink for water, depending upon the cap temperatures and the bulk humidity of the atmosphere. This behavior regulates the annual and global average humidity of the atmosphere, as the cap acts as a sink if the atmosphere is too wet and a source if it is too dry. We will then focus our presentation on the ability of the MGCM to simulate the observed diurnal variations of surface temperature. We are particularly interested in assessing the influence of dust aerosol and water ice clouds on simulated surface temperature and the comparison with observations. Surface thermal inertia and albedo are critical boundary inputs for MGCM simulations. Thermal inertia is also of intrinsic interest as it may be related to properties of the surface such as particle size and surface character.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Third International Conference on Mars Polar Science and Exploration; LPI-Contrib-1184
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  • 4
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    The Effects of Atmospheric Opacity on the Seasonal Variation of Martian Surface Temperature (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: The daily and seasonal variation of surface temperature is a central element in the description of martian climate. Surface thermal inertia and albedo are critical boundary inputs for simulating surface temperature in Mars general circulation models (MGCMs). Thermal inertia (TI) is also of intrinsic interest as it may be related to regolith properties such as particle size and surface character and so high spatial resolution is desirable. The recent mapping of TI at very high (0.25 deg) spatial resolution was achieved by fitting a thermal model to surface temperature observations obtained over a broad range of several martian years. However, varying atmospheric opacity (dust and water ice clouds) can significantly influence the estimated TI field and this effect was not fully compensated for. Opacity leads to an increase in morning temperature and a decrease in afternoon temperature, thus increasing the apparent thermal inertia.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 21; LPI-Contrib-1234-Pt-21
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  • 5
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    Daily to interannual variability in Mars' surfare pressure (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: American Geophysical Union Annual Fall Meeting; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Autonomous earth feature classification - Shuttle and aircraft flight test results (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Feature Identification and Location Experiment (FILE) flown on the Shuttle STS-2 mission November 12-14, 1981, tested a technique for autonomous real-time classification of selected earth features, i.e., water; bare land; vegetation; and clouds, snow, and ice. A second instrument, designed for aircraft flights, flew over regions of the west and east coasts of the United States and across the country. In each instrument, two bore-sighted CCD cameras image earth scenes in two spectral bands. Each camera includes a 100-element by 100-element detector array, and classification circuits. A simple algorithm and logic circuit provides classification decisions within a few microseconds. The experiment records the number of picture elements (pixels) representing each feature and the reflected solar radiation for each band. After flight, pixel-by-pixel classification images are constructed and compared with 70-mm color photographs taken simultaneously with the CCD-camera data.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: AIAA PAPER 83-0417
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Explaining the Mid-Latitude Ice Deposits with a General Circulation Model (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: We have examined the influence of a regolith on the water cycle with a focus on high obliquity periods on Mars. Our findings show that while the regolith will almost certainly interact with the atmosphere initially, it is only a transient effect, and ice will form on the surface once the regolith is effectively isolated from the atmosphere. These low latitude deposits could conceivably be ice deposits formed at high obliquity and are certainly presently out of thermal equilibrium, but remain due to the insulating effect of a dust lag.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Special Session: Mars Climate Change; LPI-Contrib-1197
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Spherical harmonic representation of the main geomagnetic field for world charting and investigations of some fundamental problems of physics and geophysics (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Quiet-day data from MAGSAT were examined for effects which might test the validity of Maxwell's equations. Both external and toroidal fields which might represent a violation of the equations appear to exist, well within the associated errors. The external field might be associated with the ring current, and varies of a time-scale of one day or less. Its orientation is parallel to the geomagnetic dipole. The toriodal field can be confused with an orientation in error (in yaw). It the toroidal field really exists, its can be related to either ionospheric currents, or to toroidal fields in the Earth's core in accordance with Einstein's unified field theory, or to both.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E82-10075 , NASA-CR-165097 , NAS 1.26:165097
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Spherical harmonic representation of the main geomagnetic field for world charting and investigations of some fundamental problems of physics and geophysics (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The data processing of MAGSAT investigator B test tapes and data tapes, and tapes of selected data on 15 magnetically quiet days is reported. The 1980 World Chart spherical model was compared with the MAGSAT (3/80) and MAGSAT vector data were used in the models. An article on modelling the geomagnetic field using satellite data is included.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E82-10203 , NASA-CR-168630 , NAS 1.26:168630
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Adaptive remote sensing technology for feature recognition and tracking (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A technology development plan designed to reduce the data load and data-management problems associated with global study and monitoring missions is described with a heavy emphasis placed on developing mission capabilities to eliminate the collection of unnecessary data. Improved data selectivity can be achieved through sensor automation correlated with the real-time needs of data users. The first phase of the plan includes the Feature Identification and Location Experiment (FILE) which is scheduled for the 1980 Shuttle flight. The FILE experiment is described with attention given to technology needs, development plan, feature recognition and classification, and cloud-snow detection/discrimination. Pointing, tracking and navigation received particular consideration, and it is concluded that this technology plan is viewed as an alternative to approaches to real-time acquisition that are based on extensive onboard format and inventory processing and reliance upon global-satellite-system navigation data.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Processing; Aug 06, 1979 - Aug 08, 1979; Chicago, IL
    Format: text
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