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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Starvation and desiccation tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster adults: Effects of environmental temperature
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Insect Physiology 35 (1989), S. 453-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-1910
    Keywords: Drosophila ; desiccation ; starvation ; temperature
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(89)90051-6
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of the transposable element mariner in the Drosophila melanogaster species group (1992)
    Springer
    Genetica 86 (1992), S. 37-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Mariner ; Drosophila ; molecular evolution ; transposable element
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The population biology and molecular evolution of the transposable element mariner has been studied in the eight species of the melanogaster subgroup of the Drosophila subgenus Sophophora. The element occurs in D. simulans, D. mauritiana, D. sechellia, D. teissieri, and D. yakuba, but is not found in D. melanogaster, D. erecta, or D. orena. Sequence comparisons suggest that the mariner element was present in the ancestor of the species subgroup and was lost in some of the lineages. Most species contain both active and inactive mariner elements. A deletion of most of the 3′ end characterizes many elements in D. teissieri, but in other species the inactive elements differ from active ones only by simple nucleotide substitutions or small additions/deletions. Active mariner elements from all species are quite similar in nucleotide sequence, although there are some-species-specific differences. Many, but not all, of the inactive elements are also quite closely related. The genome of D. mauritiana contains 20–30 copies of mariner, that of D. simulans 0–10, and that of D. sechellia only two copies (at fixed positions in the genome). The mariner situation in D. sechellia may reflect a reduced effective population size owing to the restricted geographical range of this species and its ecological specialization to the fruit of Morinda citrifolia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00133709
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microspatial genetic differentiation for tolerance and utilization of various alcohols and acetic acid in Drosophila species from India (1999)
    Springer
    Genetica 105 (1999), S. 249-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: alcoholic resources ; Drosophila ; habitat selection ; Indian subcontinent ; short range variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In five Indian localities, it was possible to collect D. melanogaster in two different types of habitats, namely ordinary domestic and alcohol rich ones. Tolerance and utilization capacity of several alcohols and of acetic acid were analyzed in a total of 10 local populations. Results on two other species (D. repleta and D. immigrans) were also available from one place. In each locality, the population from alcohol rich habitat proved to be more tolerant to all the investigated products and also to be more capable of using them as a resource. Alcohols toxicity increased with increasing carbon chain length and secondary alcohols were more toxic than primary ones. Utilization capacity of all products was relatively independent of their toxicity. Especially acetic acid, the toxicity of which was low and similar to that of ethanol, was always a fairly poor resource. From a genetic point of view, tolerance and utilization capacity appeared as two relatively independent traits. Natural selection, which is responsible for the genetic differentiation of local populations, is likely to act simultaneously on both traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003815626258
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acetaldehyde utilization and toxicity in Drosophila adults lacking alcohol dehydrogenase or aldehyde oxidase (1984)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 22 (1984), S. 1015-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: acetaldehyde ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; aldehyde oxidase ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Metabolic utilization and toxicity of acetaldehyde were studied in flies lacking alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde oxidase (AO), or both functions. Prior to the experiments, mutant alleles Adh n4 and mal were transferred to the same genetic background by 10 successive backcrosses. By comparison with wild-type flies, various deleterious, pleiotropic effects could be attributed to the mal allele but not to Adh n4 . Of the four genotypes studied (mal, Adh n4 , mal Adh n4 , and wild), all were able to use acetaldehyde as a resource in a similar way. In spite of its high toxicity, acetaldehyde appeared a better resource than ethanol. Flies treated with intermediate acetaldehyde concentrations (around 0.5%) exhibited a very high interindividual heterogeneity which could reflect a physiological adaptation occurring as a consequence of the aldehyde treatment. Toxicity tests showed that ADH-negative flies were more sensitive to acetaldehyde than wild type, but this is most likely explained by the transformation of the aldehyde into alcohol. Our results show that the aldehyde metabolizing enzyme (AME) system in Drosophila is neither ADH nor AO. The existence of an aldehyde dehydrogenase is plausible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499628
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