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  • Diffuse reflectance spectrometry  (1)
  • Flow-through  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The electrochemical determination of ammonium based on the selective inhibition of the low-spin iron(II)/(III) system of Prussian blue (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of solid state electrochemistry 1 (1997), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0768
    Keywords: Key words Prussian blue ; Ammonium ; Voltammetry ; Flow-through ; Kjeldahl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new method is described for the determination of ammonium in aqueous solutions with electrodes modified by Prussian blue (PB). The specific voltammetric response of PB-modified electrodes to ammonium ions is used for their analytical determination. In the presence of ammonium ions, a concentration-dependent inhibition of the low-spin iron(II/III) system of PB occurs. Only thallium and rubidium ions cause similar inhibition. A useful electrochemical determination method is thus available for detecting ammonium ions in the presence of frequently interfering potassium and sodium ions. Paraffin-impregnated graphite electrodes modified with a mechanically transferred PB layer and bulk-modified PB-composite electrodes are studied. The method is applicable within a concentration range which extends from 4 × 10−5 mol/l to 10−2 mol/l NH4 +. The composite electrode is used in an electrochemical flow-through system in conjunction with the Kjeldahl method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100080050051
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microscopic in situ diffuse reflectance spectroelectrochemistry of solid state electrochemical reactions of particles immobilized on electrodes (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of solid state electrochemistry 1 (1997), S. 62-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0768
    Keywords: Key wordsSpectroelectrochemistry ; Diffuse reflectance spectrometry ; Solid state electrochemistry ; Voltammetry ; Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An instrumental setup is described which allows electrochemical measurements to be performed with solid particles immobilized on the surface of a graphite electrode with in situ recording of diffuse reflectance spectra under an incident light microscope. The instrument used includes a special electrochemical cell and a microscope which is interfaced by a light␣guide to a transputer-integrated photodiode-array spectrometer allowing measurements ranging from 320 to 950 nm with a resolution of 3.2 nm/pixel and a PC-interfaced potentiostat. The 0R0 geometry of the optical arrangement and the use of crossed polarization filters for blocking specular reflectance makes it possible to use the Kubelka-Munk function for quantifying the optical measurements. The above instrument has been used for the study of the electrochromic system of solid silver octacyanomolybdate(IV/V) adjacent to a silver nitrate solution. The in situ diffuse reflec tance spectroelectrochemical measurements prove that the electrochemical reaction starts at the graphite/sample interface and then advances into the bulk of the sample towards the sample/electrolyte interface. The ratios Red:Ox determined by spectrometry and chronocoulometry as a function of electrode potentials are identical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100080050023
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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