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  • Articles  (103)
  • Iran  (94)
  • Diet  (13)
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  • 1
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    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21909 | 18721 | 2018-01-16 10:47:13 | 21909 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-04
    Description: In the present study, hydrolysed protein of viscera and head of Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) was compared using Alcalase enzyme and internal tissue enzymes at 2 and 4 hours. The result indicated that product by Alcalase (Treatment 1) had significantly higher protein and rate of hydrolysates than that produced by internal tissue enzymes (Treatment 2). So, the highest mean (±SD) protein (68.10±1.33) was related to treatment 1-head (with Alcalase enzyme) after 4 hours and the highest rate of hydrolysates (29.36±1.35) was related to treatment 1-head (with Alcalase enzyme) after 4 hours. The result indicated that rate of hydrolysates raised as time of hydrolysates increased. However the intensity and rate of hydrolysates is reduced. The highest rate of hydrolysates occurred at 120 minutes in the first. This mode was similar for two treatments. The result can be considered as the Alcalase was preferred to internal enzyme.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Biotechnology ; Fish processing ; Fish wast ; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ; protein ; Silver carp ; tissue ; enzymes ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 55-62
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  • 2
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    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21938 | 18721 | 2018-01-17 12:40:29 | 21938 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-05
    Description: The changes in chemical, microbial and quality sensory of fillets for silver carp fish treated with black cumin extract during refrigerated storage were investigated. The fish were divided into two groups. First group was dipped in black cumin extract with concentration of 1% and received the highest score in sensory evaluation. Then the fishes were wrapped in polyethylene package. The second group, as the control samples, were wrapped in polyethylene package after dipping in distilled water. All treatments were stored at refrigerator temperature (1±4°C). The microbial tests including total viable count, psychrotrophic count and chemical tests including peroxide index, thiobarbituric acid, free fatty acid value and total volatile basic nitrogen, with sensory evaluation, were done at 4°C over a period of 15 days. The results showed that the black cumin extract delayed lipid oxidation and protein analyses significantly in treated fishes. Psycrotrophic bacteria and total viable count of samples being treated with black cumin extract were maintained lower than the proposed acceptable limit (7 log cfu/g). In comparison to the control samples, microbial spoilage significantly decreased in treated samples. Furthermore, according to sensory analysis, the treatment with black cumin extract led to high quality during storage.The findings indicated that black cumin exerts had strong antioxidant and antibacterial impacts on silver carp fish, such that the shelf life of fillets being treated with black cumin were 2.5 times more than that of control samples during storage in refrigerator.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Silver carp ; black cumin extract ; shelf life ; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ; fish ; Chemical ; microbial ; sensory ; Nigella sativa L. ; Black cumin ; refrigerator ; fillet ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 71-84
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was determined some important extracted materials, Such as : Alginates of sodium & calcium and alginic acid in three species of brown seaweeds (Sargassum illicifolium , Cystoseira indica and Nizimuddinia zanardinii) during in different season in 1387 in coastal erea of Sistan and Baluochestan Provience. At First seaweeds sample were colected from sea beach and transferd to lab, so washed in fresh water and dried in the sun. So were under Alkaloid extraction with sodium carbonate (5 Persent), that were obtined fluid after filteration. The sodium alginate fibers extracted from fluid were combined by Alcohol. The calacium alginate fibers were deposited by calacium chlorids (5%) and Alginic acid resulted with chloridric acid (1N). The extraction yield of sodium alginate, calacium alginate and alginic acid in different samples of seaweeds with following Explaination: The presentage we have got, can be said , the present average of sodium alginate at Sargassum in Spring season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar ) Respectively: 28.4±2 , 28.9±2 , 27.2±1.9 present, the present average of sodium alginate at Cystoseira in Spring in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 19.7±1.4, 18.6±1.4, 19.2±1.3 present and the present average of sodium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Spring were 23.4±1.5, 23.8±1.5 , 20.6±1.5 in these three areas. The present average of calacium alginate at Sargassum in Spring season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar ): 33.7±0.5, 33.7±0.8, 33.1±1 present, the present average of calacium alginate at Cystoseira in Spring in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 28.8±1.5, 27.4±1, 27.4±1.5 present and the present average of calacium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Spring were 35.9±2.8, 23.9±1.5 , 35.9±2.8 in these three areas. The present average of Alginic acid at Sargassum in Spring season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar ): 19.2±1.6 , 25.6±1.7 , 18.4±1.1 present, the present average of Alginic acid at Cystoseira in Spring in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 16.8±1.2, 15.8±1.1, 16.4±1 present and the present average of Alginic acid at Nizimuddinia in Spring were 19.2±1.6, 19.6±1.7 , 18.4±1.5 in these three areas. The present average of sodium alginate at Sargassum in Summer season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar ) Respectively: 20.8±1, 21±1, 27.8±1.9 present, the present average of sodium alginate at Cystoseira in Summer in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 21±1.1, 13.2±1, 14.1±0.7 present and the present average of sodium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Summer were 25.3±2.3, 16.7±2.1, 15.3±1.3 in these three areas. The present average of calacium alginate at Sargassum in Summer season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 29.5±2.1 , 29.7±2 , 28.3±2.2 present, the present average of calacium alginate at Cystoseira in Summer in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 21±1.1, 20.2±0.9, 20±0.7 present and the present average of calacium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Summer were 25.3±2.3, 29.7±2 , 23.1±1.5 in these three areas. The present average of Alginic acid at Sargassum in Summer season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 19.5±0.7 , 19.7±0.6 , 18.7±0.7 present, the present average of Alginic acid at Cystoseira in Summer in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 21±1.1, 11.5±1.4, 11.1±1.5 present and the present average of Alginic acid at Nizimuddinia in Summer were 14.8±1.3, 15.3±1.3 , 14.6±1 in these three areas. The present average of sodium alginate at Sargassum in Autumn season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar) Respectively: 31.5±4.3, 31.6±4.8, 29.4±4.8 present, the present average of sodium alginate at Cystoseira in Autumn in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 23±2.7, 21.4±2.8, 21.4±2.7 present and the present average of sodium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Autumn were 25.8±2.2, 26.4±2.1 , 23.4±1.9 in these three areas. The present average of calacium alginate at Sargassum in Autumn season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 43.3±1.6, 42.8±2.7, 41.7±2.9 present, the present average of calacium alginate at Cystoseira in Autumn in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 34.3±5.9, 32.4±5.5, 30.9±5.2 present and the present average of calacium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Autumn were 50±7.1, 50.2±7.5, 45.6±5.2 in these three areas. The present average of Alginic acid at Sargassum in Autumn season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 28±3.8, 28±3.5, 26±3.9 present, the present average of Alginic acid at Cystoseira in Autumn in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 20.2±1.8, 19.2±2.1, 18.7±1.6 present and the present average of Alginic acid at Nizimuddinia in Autumn were 25.9±3, 26.1±2.9, 24.6±3.6 in these three areas. The present average of sodium alginate at Sargassum in Winter season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar) Respectively: 35±1.6, 35.2±1.8 , 33.8±1.9 present, the present average of sodium alginate at Cystoseira in Winter in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 24.1±2, 22.9±1.2, 23.3±0.7 present and the present average of sodium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Winter were 28.2±1.3, 29.2±1.7, 26.2±1.8 in these three areas. The present average of calacium alginate at Sargassum in Winter season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 45.6±1.9, 45±2, 44.6±2.5 present, the present average of calacium alginate at Cystoseira in Winter in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 38.2±2.8, 35.9±3.4, 35.6±3.5 present and the present average of calacium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Winter were 56.4±3.5, 56±3.5, 51.8±2.5 in these three areas. The present average of Alginic acid at Sargassum in winter season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 31.8±1.2, 32.1±0.9, 30.9±1.2 present, the present average of Alginic acid at Cystoseira in Winter in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 21.1±1.2, 20.4±1.4, 19.3±1.4 present and the present average of Alginic acid at Nizimuddinia in Winter were 26.4±2.1, 27±2.2, 24.6±2.2 in these three areas. The more amount of calacium alginate in Autumn can be found at Nizimuddinia in Tang area , wite amount of 50.2 present and the lates amount of Alginic acid at Cystoseira can be found in Summer with 11.1 present. If the Alginic acid become more than 20 present, it can be economical, that it can be showed more than 20 present in Autumn and Winter. According to this results, One way ANOVA showed that average of Alginates were not similar and significant differences ( P〈0.05 ) between species.
    Keywords: Biology ; Iran ; Sistan and Baluochestan Provience ; Chabahar ; Tang ; Alginic acid ; Species ; Brown seaweeds ; Sargassum illicifolium ; Cystoseira indica ; Nizimuddinia zanardinii ; Chloridric acid ; ANOVA ; Sodium ; Calcium ; Seaweeds
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 74
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  • 4
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    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25446 | 18721 | 2018-09-25 18:05:26 | 25446 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this project, the nutritional effects of Sargassum illicifolium Chabahar bay-Oman Sea, on growth and survival rates of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were studied. The seaweed collected from 6 coastal area, rinsed, dried, powdered and measured the nutritional values in laboratory for surveying statistically. According to the high nutritional value of Tis coastal seaweed, this variate seaweed powder, replaced with protein resources (fish meal and Soy and Wheat) of whiteleg shrimp feed which was formulated by Havorash feed factory of Boshehr in four treatments (A: as control without any replacement) B: with 5%, C: 10 % and D: 15% seaweed replacement, each with three replicates in order to obtain isonitrogenus 33% CP., and Isocaloric (13% fat and 15% carbohydrate) feed. The weighed milled ingredients were carefully mixed using a laboratory food mixer. The mixtures were primed with 30% hot water to yield a suitable pulp. Wet diets were made into 2 mm pellet size and dried at 40 °C in a drying cabinet and maintained in standard condition which was used according to daily need shrimp, calculated by each 10 days biometry. Water stability and absorbtion capacity of the pellets in sea water were measured and compared statistically. Juvenile shrimps (Initial body weight =3 g) brought from Jask hatchery, acclimazed for one week in Chabahar hatchery condition and feeding daily 3-5% body weight. Abiotical parameters and weight and length biometrics were measured two days and 10 days, respectively. After 45 days and final biometry, FCR, CF, SGR, caracas analysis, muscle colourimetery with HPLC were done, tasted with pp Plot for determining the parametric data and statistically differences using one – way ANOVA, Duncan test of SPSS software. The Tis coastal seaweed with 9.8% CP, 2% lipid and 23% carbohydrate had higher nutritional value compared to the other gathered seaweed. Also amino acid and fatty acid profiles, vitamins and minerals were measured in all seaweed samples each, with three replications. As result, the water stability of D feed treatment in seawater (98%) and C (97%) had statistical differences with A and B (95% stability) (P〈0.05). Water absorption capacity of feeds after one hour immersion in seawater showed significance difference between D (110%) and three others, C(100%), B(85% and control(80%) (P〈0.05). Shrimp growth data, after the end of experiment revealed that seaweed feed treatments had no any differences with control group significantly. However, the absolute growth rate datas of D treatment were higher than others and the lower weight and lenght were measured in control group shrimp. FCR had difference between seaweed treatments and control statistically. There are no any differences between caracas lipid treatments (P〉0.05) but Cholestrol content of, showed differences between all, significantly (P〈0.05) which was the highest (121.68±12.12) in D and the lowest in A (147.92±11.02). Feed treatment D and C performed colour changes pink partial orang and pink in shrimp muscle with no any difference compared to white and none colour in shrimp were fed B and A feed treatments . It seems this colour changing can be playing a major role in market acceptability.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Oman Sea ; Sargassum illicifolium ; Biochemical composition ; Replacement ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Growth performance
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 87
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  • 5
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    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25512 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 15:26:26 | 25512 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Breeding has moved beyond the point of simply propagating random stock. Genetic potential can be improved by establishing and crossing genetically defined strains, crossing species and manipulating gametes. Some of these activities require cryopreservation of semen. Cryopreserved sperm could also be a means of exchange of genetic material between locations and populations when transportation of live fish is restricted. In this study we had a survey on rainbow trout sperm quality in Genetic and Breeding Center for Coldwatwr Fishes, Shahid Motahari, Yasouj. Then Cryopreservation trials on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sperm were carried out using six basic extenders. Egg batches of 25 g were inseminated with semen frozen in five 0.5-ml straws. Thowing temperature of cryopreserved sperm also was tested. In anather trial we investigate different cryoprotectant. The result showd that the best period for sperm collection in this center was from Novamber to January. The best extender based on sperm motility parameters were extender 2 and 1 with 57.2 and 56.9% fertilisatin rates, respectively. So this two extender were used in the further experiments. The best thowing temperathre was 25°C in 30s. Testing different cryoprotectant, adding 10% methanol to extender 1 gave the highest fertilization rate (64.6%) among cryoprotectant that used with this extender. In the other extender (2) adding 5% DMSO and mixture of 5% DMSO and 1% glycerol gave the highest fertilization rates (64.8% and 67.0%, respectively). In conclusion using extender 1 and 2 with mentioned cryoprotectant and thowing rate of 25°C in 30 s was recammended for rainbow trout sperm cryopreservation.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Yasouj ; Sperm cryopreservation ; Rainbow trout ; Extender ; Cryoprotectant ; Onchorhynchus mykiss ; Breeding ; Genetic ; Coldwater ; Temperature ; Fertilization
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 51
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: A sharp decline in natural population of Caspian brown trout lead to implementing of restocking program in Iran. Along the stock recovery program, the artificial production of this species has been attracted too much attention in recent years. The objective of the study is to assess the effects of protein and energy levels of diet on fish performance, growth efficiency of Caspian brown trout in order to develop a proper diet for production of this species. Six experimental diets were formulated by replacing casein as a pure protein source with fat as an energy source in the diets according to a 3×2 factorial design. The diet was assigned to 18 tanks with 50 fish each, with three replicated for each diet. The experiment was conducted for 8-weeks with Caspian brown trout with an initial body weight of around 7 g. Caspian brown trout demonstrated a better FCR and a larger SGR at lower protein levels (45 and 50%) in comparison to high protein level (55%; P〈0.05). Protein efficiency ratio improved by a decrease in protein content of the diet (P〈0.05), but energy content of diets does not affect any growth related parameter such as FCR, SGR and PER. There was also no interaction between protein and energy levels in the growth related parameters, suggesting the effect of protein on the growth parameters in Caspian brown trout did not depend on energy levels of diet. In conclusion diet containing 50% protein can support the maximum growth. High dietary energy level of the diet dose in cooperate in protein sparing effect.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Caspian brown trout ; Artificial production ; Growth ; Diet ; Protein ; Energy ; Weight ; FCR ; SGR ; Salmo trutta caspius ; Aquaculture
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 40pp.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In this study, rainbow trout diet was supplemented with different levels of annatto (Bixa orellana) seed powder and then some blood parameters (i.e. red and white blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit percentage), growth performance and the fillets color was evaluated. The experimental diets consisted of 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75% annatto powder with three replicates. A total of 360 juvenile rainbow trout (100±5 g) were stocked completely randomly in 12 tanks and reared for 40 days. The maximum amount of all measured blood parameters except white blood cells were obtained in supplemented diet with 0.75% annatto seed powder and the minimum amount of the blood indices were observed in control group (p〈0.05). Also, the highest body weight (235 g) was related to 0.75% annatto seed powder and the lowest (108.2 g) was related to control one (p〈0.05). Spectrum of red and yellow colors in the fish fillets were increased by increasing in annatto seed powder level in the diet and the highest values were recorded in the fish fillet fed with 0.75% annatto seed powder in comparison with others (p〈0.05). Therefore, the addition of annatto seed powder at 0.75% in rainbow trout diet has a positive effect on the blood parameters, and on the other hand, by increasing the growth rate and fillet coloring, probably the cost of culturing will reduce and the customer's satisfaction with the fish meat will increase.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Fish ; Pigment ; Fillet ; Diet ; Blood
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.23-32
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The present study was conducted to examine different dietary levels of iron (FeSO4) on some haematological parameters of ship sturgeon, Acipenser nudiventris including red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBCs), differential WBCs, hematocrit (Hct), Hemoglobin (Hb), the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), immunoglobulin (IgM), ferritin, transferrin and plasma Fe^2+. Four experimental treatments and one control group with three replicates were considered for the experiment. The experimental treatments were fish fed experimental diets containing different levels of FeSO_4 i.e. 100, 200, 250, and 300 mg kg.diet^-1 . After 60 days, there were significant differences between experimental groups in terms of WBCs, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, MCH and MCHC, MCV, total plasma protein, IgM, ferritin, transferrin and plasma Fe^2+ (p〈0.05). In the treatment fed 100 mg.iron kg.diet^-1 , more levels of IgM and total plasma protein were observed compared to other experimental groups (p〈0.05). The highest values of neutrophils, monocytes and MCHC were found in control fish whereas MCV, MCH and eosinophils values were higher in the treatment fed 200 mg.iron kg.diet^-1 (p〈0.05). Also, more WBCs were observed in 250 mg.iron kg.diet^-1 treatment than in other groups (p〈0.05). The values of lymphocytes, RBC, Hct, Hb, ferritin, transferrin and plasma Fe^2+ were higher in fish fed 300 mg.iron kg.diet^-1 compared to other experimental groups (p〈0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that the supplementation of ship sturgeon diets with high levels of iron enhances the RBC, Hct, Hb, ferritin, transferrin and plasma iron.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Iron sulfate ; Haematological ; Acipenser nudiventris ; FeSO4 ; Parameters ; Ship sturgeon ; Plasma ; Diet
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.163-172
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study evaluated the impact of dietary supplementation bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus bulgaricus isolated from the intestine of Barbus grypus on growth performance, survival and intestinal flora of common carp. For this purpose 480 common carp (average initial weight of 40 ± 6g) were randomly divided to 4 treatments (with three replications) and fed with diet containing 5×107 CFU/g L.plantarum (Group 1), L.bulgaricus (Group 2), Lactobacillus casei (Group3) and a diet without probiotic supplementation (As control group) for 60 days. To evaluate the persistent of the bacteria in digestive system, from the 60 th day to75 th day, experimental fish were fed with diet without probiotics (control). Results showed that Specific growth rate of fish fed diets containing Lactobacillus significantly higher compared with control group (p〈0.05). Fish fed diets containing L.casei had significantly lower FCR than the control group on 60 th and 75 th of trial (p〈0.05). The protein efficiency ratio and specific growth rate of fish fed the isolated bacteria at different times of trial was higher compared to fish fed than control diet. In general, results of intestinal micro flora assessment showed that Lactobacillus bacteria significantly increased in fish fed with dietary probiotic at 30 and 60 of trial (p〈0.05) and groups 2 and 3 showed the greatest amount of Lactobacillus compared to the control group after 30 days of feeding. The results of this study showed that the addition of lactobacillus bacteria isolated from the intestines of Barbus grypus in the diet of common carp increased the beneficial micro flora population of intestinal microflora and ultimately improved growth performance and feed utilization.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Lactobacillus ; Barbus grypus ; Microflora ; Common carp ; Cyprinus carpio ; Lactobacillus plantarum ; Lactobacillus bulgaricus ; Lactobacillus casei ; Growth ; Performance ; Survival ; Probiotic ; Diet ; Fish ; Fed
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.167-180
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In this study, the effect of dietary phytase and wheat bran on some growth performances and phosphorus absorption function of common carp fry for 60 days was assessed. A total number of 180 common carp fry (201 initial weight) was randomly distributed in six experimental groups including, control group without any additive (basal diet), T1 (basal diet+2000 IU/Kg phytase), T2 (basal diet+4000 IU/Kg phytase), T3 (basal diet+20 g/Kg wheat bran), T4 (basal diet+40 g/Kg wheat bran) and T5 (basal diet+2000 IU/Kg phytase+20 g/Kg wheat bran). The highest body weight (150.024.76 g), specific growth rate (0.650.19%), and condition factor (3.200.26%) was observed in T5 (p〈0.05). However, the lowest FCR (2.530.70) was seen in T5 (p〈0.05). Also, the highest phosphorus concentration in the fry bones (2.540.003 ppm) was recorded in T5 (p〈0.05). Results showed that using of 2000 IU/Kg phytase and 20 g/Kg wheat bran in the diet can improve growth indices and phosphorus absorption rate of common carp fry.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Phytase ; Wheat bran ; Common carp ; Growth ; Phosphorus ; Diet ; Cyprinus carpio ; Fry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.75-83
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