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  • Data collection  (2)
  • Likelihood  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An algorithm to approximate the likelihood for pedigree data with loops by cutting (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 1054-1063 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Arbitrary pedigrees with loops ; Recursive algorithm ; Peeling ; Likelihood ; Cutting loops
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a recursive algorithm to approximate the likelihood in arbitrary pedigrees with loops. The algorithm handles any number and nesting levels of loops in pedigrees. The loops are cut as described in a previous publication and the approximate likelihood is simultaneously computed using the cut pedigree. No identification of a loop in the pedigree is necessary before the algorithm is applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223919
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An approximation to the likelihood for a pedigree with loops (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 1299-1309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Likelihood ; Peeling ; Pedigree with loops ; Segregation analysis ; Linkage analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a new approximation to the likelihood for a pedigree with loops, based on cutting all loops and extending the pedigree at the cuts. An opimum loop-cutting strategy and an iterative extension technique are presented. The likelihood for a pedigree with loops is then approximated by the conditional likelihood for the entire cut-extended pedigree given the extended part. The approximate likelihoods are compared with the exact likelihoods obtained using the program MENDEL for several small pedigrees with loops. The approximation is efficient for large pedigrees with complex loops in terms of computing speed and memory requirements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223463
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid method to estimate the incidence rate and prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in children 0–19 years of age (1995)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 17 (1995), S. 17-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Keywords: Child ; Data collection ; Diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent ; Epidemiologic methods ; Incidence ; Pharmacy records ; Prevalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Objective To trace new cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on an ongoing basis and to estimate the incidence rate and prevalence of IDDM in children 0–19 years of age. Research design and methods The estimation of the prevalence and incidence rate of IDDM was based on, respectively, the prevalence and the rate of new users of insulin. The data were obtained from pharmacy, patient-based, drug dispensing histories in a well-defined population encompassing 257, 113 individuals in the Netherlands. Results The IDDM incidence rate was estimated at 11.5 (CI95 6.6–17.8) per 100,000 person years in 1989–1990 in children 0–19 years of age. The prevalence was estimated at 11.0 (CI95 8.6–13.4) per 10,000 children 0–19 years of age. Discussion The incidence rate is comparable to that found in a large, national survey among all paediatricians and internists in the Netherlands. The method offers ongoing monitoring of the incidence and prevalence of IDDM in children, 0–19 years of age, against low costs. The method is suitable for rapid and cost-efficient recruitment of cohorts of incident IDDM patients, which fosters research to identify and quantify the attribution of different types of aetiologic and prognostic factors of IDDM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01875553
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of pharmacists in the recruitment of a cohort for postmarketing surveillance (1995)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 17 (1995), S. 126-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Keywords: Acitretin ; Data collection ; Dermatologists ; Drug utilization ; Epidemiological methods ; Pharmacists ; Product surveillance, postmarketing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In October 1990, a recall procedure was issued regarding the drug acitretin. The recommended post-therapy contraception period after acitretin therapy was extended from 2 months to 2 years. For a postmarketing surveillance study, we recruited a cohort from the source population of women aged 15–45 years who were exposed to acitretin. Recruitment occurred through dermatologists, and pharmacists plus dispensing general practitioners. We describe the speed of and the response to the recruitment procedures, and the representativeness of the recruited cohort. We also studied whether the individuals who gave informed consent would have preferred to be recruited by either dermatologists or pharmacists, and whether the information obtained from pharmacists and dispensing general practitioners was valid. This study revealed that pharmacists and dispensing general practitioners (drug dispensers) recruited their subjects rapidly, with no or little selection; they attained a 42% response. Dermatologists recruited their subjects slowly and selectively; they attained a 24% response. The majority of women (60%) recruited by dermatologists would have given their informed consent if they would have been recruited by their pharmacists. Drug dispensers are essential contributors to the recruitment of a study population. We do advise that such recruitment for a postmarketing surveillance study occurs by means of a collaboration between pharmacists and physicians.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01872389
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