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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heritability of flight distance for Cydia pomonella (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 85 (1997), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Cydia pomonella ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; flight distance ; dispersal ; flight mill ; heritability ; colonisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is considered to be rather sedentary, but some individuals undertake flights of several kilometres in the field. This paper investigates the genetic influence on this variability. The flight capacity was measured in the laboratory by a flight mill and its heritability was estimated for two different strains. The laboratory strain was kept for more than 45 generations and the field strain from Embrach (northern Switzerland) was recently collected in the field. The multiple-trait-restricted-maximum-likelihood method was used for the estimation of genetic variances and covariances. A mixed full-sib/half-sib design was applied for the field strain and a full-sib design for the laboratory strain. The heritability of total distance was 0.57 for the field strain and 0.37 for the laboratory strain (both sexes). In addition, a heritability of 0.38 for total distance was estimated by parent-offspring regression for the laboratory strain. All three values were significantly different from zero P〈0.05 and show that there is a significant additive genetic influence on flight capacity. The genetic correlations between total distance and other flight traits (total duration, flight velocity, longest flight) were between 0.84 and 1.00 for both strains and suggest that these traits actually belong to a single one. High genetic correlations were also found between total distance and the morphological traits body weight and wing length for the field strain, whereas a negative correlation was found between total flight distance and body weight for the laboratory strain. This difference between the two strains was interpreted as a possible trade-off between flight capacity and fecundity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003195424159
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual dimorphism in the olfactory orientation of adult Cydia pomonella in response to α-farnesene (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 92 (1999), S. 63-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Cydia pomonella ; α-farnesene ; host plant finding ; sexual dimorphism ; mating status ; dose-response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The role of host plant-derived volatile substances on the behaviour of adult codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is poorly understood. We tested the response of females and males to a range of α-farnesene dosages. Natural α-farnesene from apples contains the E,E and Z,E isomers in varying proportions. No difference in the response of C. pomonella to preparations containing two different proportions of the E,E and Z,E isomers was noted (77:20.7 or 1.2:84.7% E,E and Z,E isomers respectively), indicating a similar bioactivity of E,E and Z,E α-farnesene on codling moth. A marked sexual dimorphism was found to increasing dosages of α-farnesene. Females were attracted to low dosages (starting from 63.4 ng) and repelled by high dosages (ending at 12 688 ng). The dose response over this concentration range was linear with a negative slope. Both mated and virgin females responded similarly in kind but differently in degree, both attraction and repellency being more pronounced in mated females. Males were neither attracted nor repelled over a large dose range (63.4 to 12 688 ng) except the highest rate which was attractive. This indicates a stronger dependency of females on plant-derived volatiles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003756428631
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