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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multipotent marrow stromal cell line is able to induce hematopoiesis in vivo (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 151 (1992), S. 197-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Several murine marrow stromal cells were established from murine bone marrow cultures. Stromal cell lines transfected with a tumor-inducing polyoma virus middle T antigen (MTAg) were inoculated into nude mice subcutaneously. KUSA-MTAg cells, one of these cell lines, led to the rapid local development of bone marrow consisting of trilineage hemantopoietic cells and bone; other cell lines produced spindle cell sarcoma or hemangiosarcoma. These results suggested that a single stromal cell line, KUSA-MTAg cells, may induce hematopoietic stem cells or early progenitors of three lineages of hematopoietic cells in vivo. Interestingly, untransfected KUSA cells expressed three new mesenchymal phenotypes, osteocytes, adipocytes, and myotubes, after treatment with 5-azacytidine. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041510125
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of colony stimulating factor in long-term bone marrow cultures (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 114 (1983), S. 88-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies have shown no detectable colony-stimulating factor (CSF) in media harvested from long-term bone marrow cultures. In the present experiments supernatants from long-term cultures established in three laboratories were assayed for CSF by colony assay and by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Most samples were devoid of biologic activity but all contained CSF as judged by RIA. Biologic activity was found in the majority of samples after diafiltration to remove low molecular weight inhibitors or 5-fold concentration by ultrafiltration. Samples that remained inactive in the colony assay were subjected to gel filtration on Sephadex G-150 to remove potential high molecular weight inhibitors. Biologic activity remained lower than that by RIA in two of three samples tested. Thus, most long-term cultures appear to contain biologically active CSF but this activity is masked by various types of inhibitors. In addition some media appear to contain material that is only detected by RIA.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041140115
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent production of colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) by cloned bone marrow stromal cell line D2XRII after X-irradiation (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 126 (1986), S. 407-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The adherent stromal layer in long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) provides the cellular environment necessary for the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of pluripotential hematopoietic stem cells. The role of humoral hematopoietic growth factors, colony-stimulating factors (CSF) in the regulation of hematopoietic cell production in this system is poorly understood. We have recently isolated and cloned an adherent cell line, D2XRII, derived from murine LTBMC. Plateau phase 25 cm2 cultures of 2 × 106 D2XRII cells in 8.0 ml produced CSF-1 (M-CSF) at around 100-150 units/0.1 ml medium. Following X-irradiation there was a dose-dependent decrease in the production of CSF-1 to a plateau of 50% of control levels at 10,000 rad. Higher doses did not produce a further decrease. The X-ray dose reducing CSF-1 production to 50% was 100-fold above the lethal dose as measured by clonagenic survival following trypsinization and replating. Trypsinized replated viable adherent but nondividing X-irradiated D2XRII cells were maintained for up to 8 weeks after irradiation and demonstrated continuous production of CSF-1. The data indicate significant divergence of two biologic effects of X-irradiation on plateau-phase marrow stromal cells: physiologic function of adherence and CSF-1 production, versus proliferative integrity. This divergence of effects may be very relevant to understanding the mechanism of X-irradiation-associated marrow suppression and leukemogenesis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041260311
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phorbol ester-stimulated murine myelopoiesis: Role of colony-stimulating factors (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 117 (1983), S. 30-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Tumor promoting phorbol esters, such as 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), stimulate colony formation in vitro by murine granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GM-CFC) without added colony stimulating factors (CSF). To determine whether TPA induces CSF production in vitro, marrow cells were cultured for 1 to 7 days in liquid medium with or without TPA. No CSF was detected in any sample by a double antibody radioimmunoassay (sensitivity = 2 units/0.1 ml), however, colony-stimulating activity was detected in supernatant fluid from all TPA containing cultures by bioassay. This activity appeared to result from a direct effect of TPA rather than from production of CSF, as equivalent activity was found in TPA-containing medium incubated in the absence of marrow cells. Rabbit antiserum to purified L-cell CSF inhibited colony formation stimulated by L-cell CSF and WEHI-3 CSF, but had no effect on colony formation induced by TPA. Cells from long-term marrow cultures responded to TPA with colony formation, despite culture conditions and cell fractionation procedures that reduced the frequency of CSF-proclucing macrophages to 〉 1.0%. TPA inhibited binding of radioiodinated L-cell CSF to marrow cells, especially if the cells were first exposeed to TPA. These results do not support induction of CSF production as the major mechanism of phorbol ester stimulation of myelopoiesis. Phorbol esters may directly stimulate GM-CFC and/or enhance their response to CSF by a mechanism involving CSF binding sites.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041170106
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  • 5
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    MPI, HPF or OpenMP: A Study with the NAS Benchmarks (1999)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: Porting applications to new high performance parallel and distributed platforms is a challenging task. Writing parallel code by hand is time consuming and costly, but this task can be simplified by high level languages and would even better be automated by parallelizing tools and compilers. The definition of HPF (High Performance Fortran, based on data parallel model) and OpenMP (based on shared memory parallel model) standards has offered great opportunity in this respect. Both provide simple and clear interfaces to language like FORTRAN and simplify many tedious tasks encountered in writing message passing programs. In our study, we implemented the parallel versions of the NAS Benchmarks with HPF and OpenMP directives. Comparison of their performance with the MPI implementation and pros and cons of different approaches will be discussed along with experience of using computer-aided tools to help parallelize these benchmarks. Based on the study, potentials of applying some of the techniques to realistic aerospace applications will be presented.
    Keywords: Computer Systems
    Type: Workshop on Performance Evaluation with Realistic Applications; Jan 25, 1999; San Jose, CA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    A Comparison of Automatic Parallelization Tools/Compilers on the SGI Origin 2000 Using the NAS Benchmarks (1998)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: Porting applications to new high performance parallel and distributed computing platforms is a challenging task. Since writing parallel code by hand is extremely time consuming and costly, porting codes would ideally be automated by using some parallelization tools and compilers. In this paper, we compare the performance of the hand written NAB Parallel Benchmarks against three parallel versions generated with the help of tools and compilers: 1) CAPTools: an interactive computer aided parallelization too] that generates message passing code, 2) the Portland Group's HPF compiler and 3) using compiler directives with the native FORTAN77 compiler on the SGI Origin2000.
    Keywords: Computer Systems
    Type: ACM Sigmetrics Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Tools; Aug 03, 1998 - Aug 04, 1998; Welches, OR; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    An Evaluation of Alternative Designs for a Grid Information Service (2001)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Globus information service wasn't working well. There were many updates of data from Globus daemons which saturated the single server and users couldn't retrieve information. We created a second server for NASA and Alliance. Things were great on that server, but a bit slow on the other server. We needed to know exactly how the information service was being used. What were the best servers and configurations? This viewgraph presentation gives an overview of the evaluation of alternative designs for a Grid Information Service. Details are given on the workload characterization, methodology used, and the performance evaluation.
    Keywords: Computer Systems
    Type: 9th IEEE Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing; Jan 01, 2000; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Performance Modeling and Measurement of Parallelized Code for Distributed Shared Memory Multiprocessors (1998)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: This paper presents a model to evaluate the performance and overhead of parallelizing sequential code using compiler directives for multiprocessing on distributed shared memory (DSM) systems. With increasing popularity of shared address space architectures, it is essential to understand their performance impact on programs that benefit from shared memory multiprocessing. We present a simple model to characterize the performance of programs that are parallelized using compiler directives for shared memory multiprocessing. We parallelized the sequential implementation of NAS benchmarks using native Fortran77 compiler directives for an Origin2000, which is a DSM system based on a cache-coherent Non Uniform Memory Access (ccNUMA) architecture. We report measurement based performance of these parallelized benchmarks from four perspectives: efficacy of parallelization process; scalability; parallelization overhead; and comparison with hand-parallelized and -optimized version of the same benchmarks. Our results indicate that sequential programs can conveniently be parallelized for DSM systems using compiler directives but realizing performance gains as predicted by the performance model depends primarily on minimizing architecture-specific data locality overhead.
    Keywords: Computer Systems
    Type: NAS-98-012
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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