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  • Colonizing species  (2)
  • Gynodioecy  (2)
  • Boiler feed water and steam condensates  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Colonizing species ; Ecological genetics ; Gynodioccy ; Sex ratio ; Trifolium hirtum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Male sterility has been recently discovered in Californian populations of rose clover (Trifolium hirtum). This study describes the frequency distribution of male sterility in Turkish and Californian populations, and compares fitness components of hermaphrodites and females. As male-steriles were found in Turkey, it is likely that they were introduced to California during the 1940's with the original material derived from Turkey. The spread of male-sterile genotypes in California has given rise to an asymmetrical frequency distribution of male sterility with positive skewness. The frequency of females has not exceeded fifty percent and it appears to be temporally stable in most of the Californian populations. The hypothesis that female frequencies and fitness differences between phenotypes are correlated was tested by comparing sex phenotypes in seven populations with contrasting levels of male sterility. The analysis of those populations showed no evidence for such a correlation as no significant differences were found between sex phenotypes for fecundity and seed germination. The hypothesis that females are maintained due to fitness differences in the progeny of hermaphrodites and females was experimentally tested in the population with maximum frequency of male-steriles. The results showed no significant differences in the demographic performance of the progenies of hermaphrodites and females. The present results are discussed in terms of the possible mechanism of maintenance of gynodioecy in rose clover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 155-160 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Gynodioecy ; Colonizing species ; Mating system ; Isozymes ; Population structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A multilocus procedure was used to estimate outcrossing rates in ten roadside populations of Trifolium hirtum in California. Three groups of populations were studied: cultivars, hermaphroditic, and gynodioecious (sexually dimorphic) populations. The multilocus outcrossing rate (tm) varied from 0.05 to 0.43 among populations. Population level tm estimates were significantly correlated with the observed heterozygosity in gynodioecious populations but not in hermaphroditic populations. The outcrossing rate of hermaphrodites and females was estimated in three gynodioecious populations; the estimates of tm varied from 0.09 to 0.23 for hermaphrodites and from 0.73 to 0.80 for females. The distribution of outcrossing rates in gynodioecious populations is bimodal. Our results indicate that for the levels of selfing observed among hermaphrodites, inbreeding depression is likely to be a major factor in the maintenance of females in gynodioecious populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Genetica 85 (1992), S. 153-161 
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Gynodioecy ; inheritance of male sterility ; nucleocytoplasmic differentiation ; Trifolium hirtum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The inheritance of male sterility was studied using a set of intra and interpopulation crosses from Californian populations of rose clover (Trifolium hirtum All.). The F2 gave higher frequencies of male steriles in interpopulation crosses than in intrapopulation crosses. Several F2 families gave ratios that were compatible with models of two and three complementary genes. However, the frequency distribution of male sterility among F3 families rejected such models. Given that single and two gene models were rejected, we interpret the results using a cytoplasmic-nuclear model with more than two restorer loci which is at least consistent with the observed results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Morpholine ; Hydrazine ; Boiler feed water and steam condensates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Hydrazine, an oxygen scavenger in boiler water, was derivatised to the corresponding acetone azine and determined at the ng ml−1 level by gas chromatography. Morpholine, a corrosion inhibitor used in steam boilers, was estimated either directly (if 〉2.0 μg ml−1) or by quantitative preconcentration (0.1 ng – 2.0 μg ml−1). To obtain symmetrical peaks for these amines, the column packing was coated with KOH. Use of a nitrogen-specific detector improved accuracy of estimation of hydrazine and morpholine, giving a RSD of 1.9–3.6%. Chromatographic analysis of these amines in boiler feed water and steam condensate samples collected from boilers servicing a petroleum refinery is described. Environmental safety regulations calls for monitoring of hydrazine and the methods developed can easily be adapted for this purpose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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