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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crustacean zooplankton of Mali (West Africa) (1981)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 80 (1981), S. 161-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cladocera ; Copepoda ; Africa ; Niger River ; biogeography ; community structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 48 species of Phyllopoda, 24 species of Copepoda, and a freshwater shrimp are reported from Mali. Morphologically noteworthy or little known species are figured. Daphnia barbata and D. dolichocephala are redescribed. Three West-African species of Tropodiaptomus were found. T. senegambiae is synonymised with T. banforanus. Thermodiaptomus yabensis is fully figured. The distribution of T. yabensis and the regional Tropodiaptomus is discussed. A general biogeographical discussion is not yet possible, because for many species, and particularly Cladocera, both taxonomical position and chorological records are fragmentary and uncertain. At least 29 species, however, seem to be restricted to Africa, and some even to West Africa. The water chemistry of the lakes of central Mali is characterized by a low mineral content, but seems not to be distributive to any of the numerous zooplankton species encountered. The zooplankton communities, especially in the lakes of the internal delta of the Niger, are typically composed of numerous species. Among copepods, it is usual to find three or four genera to co-occur, and each genus may be represented by up to three species. This indicates long-term instability of the communities, and suggests strong interspecies competition to be present. This is corroborated by an analysis of the ranges of some African endemics. It is shown that the Niger delta is part of the biological boundary of the Sahara as far as aquatic invertebrates are concerned. West African equatorial climate endemics (e.g. 3 Tropodiaptomus species, Thermodiaptomus yabensis), and arid to semi-arid climate endemics (Daphnia barbata, D. longispina, Metadiaptomus mauretanicus) meet and interpenetrate each others' ranges over a short distance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008434
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anostraca, Conchostraca, Cladocera and Copepoda from Tunisia (1979)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 66 (1979), S. 259-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Anostraca ; Onchostraca ; Cladocera ; Copepoda ; North-Africa ; Biogeography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire Nous avons trouvé 56 espéces de Crustacés dans 126 échantillons collectionnés dans 62 localités différentes en Tunisie et dans la région de La Calla, Algérie. Aucune espéce n'est nouvelle pour la science, mais le matériel a permis de redéfinir l'espéce Alona elegans et d'indiquer par quels caractéres elle différe d' Alona rectangula. Un cas d'hybridisation possible entre ces deux espéces est cité de l'oasis de Tamerza. Si la plupart des espéces rencontrées en Tunisie ont une répartition géographique assez vaste, quelques-unes sont endémiques du Maghreb, tandis que d'autres sont des reliques pluviales venus soit du Nord, soit d'Afrique, soit encore de l'Orient, Les reliques Nordiques ont une age estimé á 5–6000 ans. En principe, les reliques Ethiopiens devraient dater d'une époque antérieure aux autres, mais il est possible qu'ils aient atteint le Maghreb venant de l'Est et aprés avoir descendu le Nil. Dans la collection, un seul élément Asiatique est représenté. D'autres doivent certainment exister dans la faune Tunisienne.
    Notes: Abstract In samples from 62 localities in Tunisia and La Calla area in N.E. Algeria, 56 species of Entomostraca were found. More than half of these are widespread and give little insight into the origin of the regional fauna. A few are endemic to the area and three groups are of relictual nature. The first one consists of northern species, some of which are known to have reached the central Sahara. It is argued that their populations have an estimated age of about 5–6000 yrs. At first sight, the second and more numerous group of species, the Ethiopian relicts, should be older. However, until historical times pathways ‘around’ the Sahara may have functioned. One was along the Atlantic coast; a second and older one was via the Nile. The second possibility is almost a certainty, since a third group of relicts, the Oriental one, has migrated into the central Sahara as far as (and therefore probably together with) the northern relicts. This group must have come via the Nile Delta and the Libyan desert. If that pathway has also been used by Ethiopian species, all three groups of relicts are of the same age. In our Tunisian collection, only one Oriental element is represented. From a taxonomical point of view, morphological differences between the Chydorids Alona rectangula Sars and Alona elegans Kurz are sorted out and illustrated. Alona rectangula is best regarded as a superspecies. Hybridisation with A. elegans appears possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020908
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cladocera and free-living Copepoda from the Fouta Djalon and adjacent mountain areas in West Africa (1981)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 85 (1981), S. 97-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Copepoda ; Cladocera ; West Africa ; Fouta Djalon ; biogeography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Thirty-two species of Cladocera and 27 species of free-living copepods were identified in a series of samples collected in 25 localities in and around the Fouta Djalon mountains, West Africa. Beside great richness in numbers of species, the nature of the fauna is noteworthy: at least 20% of the Cladocera and 50% of the copepods are endemic to West Africa. Possible palaeoclimatological reasons for this are discussed. The cladoceran genus Streblocerus is recorded from Africa for the first time. It is an element of northern origin in the fauna of West Africa. More examples of this kind are documented among the Copepoda Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida, but the bulk of the fauna is evidently of tropical origin. In particular, great adaptive radiation is occurring in the local representatives of the genus Tropocyclops. Three new species of Parastenocaris are described; they are the first representatives of this genus found in West Africa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00006620
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Report on a collection of cladocera and copepoda from Nepal (1977)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 53 (1977), S. 55-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cladocera ; Copepoda ; Zoogeography ; Nepal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 22 espèces de Cladocères et 14 espèces de Copépodes ont été trouvées au Nepal; la plupart proviennent de la vallée de Kathmandu, quelques-unes de lacs de haute altitude dans la région du Khumbu, Nepal de l'Est. Deux espèces sont nouvelles pour la science, mais ne peuvent être déctrites, faute de matériel adéquat. La relation entre Macrothrix laticornis, M. spinosa et M. goeldii est discutée; M. goeldii est synonymisé avec M. spinosa; des critères morphologiques nouveaux, qui permettent de faire la distinction entre M. laticornis et M. spinosa sont présentés. Quelques aspects biogeographiques de la faune trouvée au Nepal sont: 1) parmi les Copépodes de la vallée de Kathmandu, deux calanoïdes sont d'origine orientale, un seul est supposé être d'origine palaearctique; les autres Copépodes sont cosmopolites ou circum-tropicaux; aucun cyclopide oriental ne fut rencontré; 2) à des altitudes plus elevées, les cyclopides manquent et les calanoïdes étaient représentés par des espèces endemiques du genre palaearctique Arctodiaptomus; 3) aucun Cladocère oriental ne fut trouvé dans la vallée de Kathmandu; la majorité des espèces était des cosmopolites, le reste, des espèces à répartition circum-tropicale; 4) à des altitudes plus élevées, des espèces endémiques appartenant à des genres palaearctiques existent, accompagnées d'une serie d'espèces cosmopolites.
    Notes: Abstract 22 species of Cladocera and 14 species of Copepoda are reported, mainly from Kathmandu valley, Central Nepal and some from high-altitude lakes in the Khumbu area, East Nepal. Two species are new to science; neither can, however, be named due to inadequate material. The relation between Macrothrix laticornis (Jurine, 1820), M. spinosa King, 1853 and M. goeldii Richard, 1897 is discussed; M. goeldii is set as synonym to M. spinosa; new morphological criteria, permetting a separation to M. laticornis and M. spinosa, are given. Some biogeographical aspects of the fauna encountered are: 1) among Copepoda two calanoïds of oriental origin and one of supposed palaearctic origin reach Kathmandu valley; all other Copepoda are circumtropical or cosmopolite species; no oriental Cyclopoïda were found; 2) at higher altitudes, no Cyclopoïda were found, and the Calanoïda were endemic species of the palaearctic genus Arctodiaptomus; 3) no oriental Cladocera were found in Kathmandu valley; the majority of species were cosmopolitan, the remainder circumtropical; 4) at high altitudes, endemic species of palaearctic genera exist next to a set of cosmopolitans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021232
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New semi-terrestrial chydorids from the tropical rainforest of southwest Cameroon (Africa): Nicsmirnovius camerounensis n.gen. n.sp. and Bryospilus africanus n.sp (Crustacea: Anomopoda) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 391 (1998), S. 257-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cladocera ; chydorids ; semi-terrestrial plankton ; trunk limbs ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two new chydorids, Nicsmirnovius camerounensis (gen. nov., sp. nov.) and Bryospilus africanus n.sp. are described, based on material from Korup, Mundemba, Bakingili and Debunscha, all in the rainforests of southwest Cameroon. Morphological structures show that both taxa are only remotely related, and that, while Nicsmirnovius is clearly an alonine, Bryospilus might well be a chydorine chydorid. Small, taxonomically non-significant differences occurred among specimens of Bryospilus recorded in three different forest areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003606306093
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the diversity of the Cladocera in the tropics (1994)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 272 (1994), S. 27-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cladocera ; tropics ; non-tropics ; biogeography ; diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mythical concept of an impoverished tropical cladoceran fauna is refuted. On a planetary scale, around half of the cladoceran species presently known occur exclusively in the tropics-subtropics, often with considerable restriction to particular geographical subzones. On a regional (political) scale, the situation is often unclear because of the continued fragmentary nature of studies, and because political units are not a good basis for biogeographical comparisons. At the finest level of resolution (lake-perlake comparisons), there appears to be an upper limit of c. 50 cladoceran species per individual lake. No significant difference between lakes in the temperate zone and in the tropics could be established here. Daphnia is largely absent from the tropics, but is replaced by more Sidids, Moinids, and Bosminids, such that the average cladoceran community in the limnetic zone of a tropical lake is not characterized by less species but rather by lower population densities. This, in turn, is considered a consequence of higher prevalent predation levels in the tropics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00006510
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A laboratory study of the feeding of Mesostoma lingua (Schmidt) (Turbellaria: Neorhabdocoela) on Daphnia magna Straus at four different temperatures (1990)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 198 (1990), S. 79-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: invertebrate predation ; Mesostoma lingua ; Daphnia magna ; Rhabdocoela ; Cladocera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mesostoma lingua eats 0.8 Daphnia magna at 15 °C, and 2.04 at 30 °C. Below 0.5 Daphnia per day (D d−1) hunger occurs, at any temperature, and mortality increases sharply. The functional response curve appears to be linear, but saturation was not fully reached at 5 D d−1, the highest food level applied in the present study. All food regimes (above hunger level) and temperature regimes differed significantly from each other; factor interactions were of increasing importance at higher temperatures. Longevity, above hunger level, decreased with temperature. Peak longevity at low temperature may be weakly associated with relatively low food levels. Maturation time was 4 times longer at 15 °C than at 30 °C, but it was also food-dependent at low food levels and at 15 °C. Egg development time was independent of food, but strongly dependent on temperature. Fertility parameters (clutch size, total offspring, daily offspring) all depended on temperature rather than on food (at least above % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D% aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaiGc9yrFr0xXdbba91rFfpec8Eeeu0x% Xdbba9frFj0-OqFfea0dXdd9vqaq-JfrVkFHe9pgea0dXdar-Jb9hs% 0dXdbPYxe9vr0-vr0-vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqGaaO% qaamaalmaaleaacaaIXaaabaGaaGOmaaaaaaa!3DC3!\[{\raise0.5ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 1$}\kern-0.1em/\kern-0.15em\lower0.25ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 2$}}\] D d−1), and all showed a maximum value as well. For clutch size and total offspring, this occurred at 20 °C, while for daily offspring, it fell at 25 °C. Thus, the trade-off between higher productivity but shorter lifespan was such that 20 °C was the optimum temperature for the population of Mesostoma lingua studied. At that temperature, it removes the equivalent of 1.5 Daphnia magna per day from its environment. In nature, such temperatures occur in May–June, while in July–August they overshoot the optimum. This may be the signal required by the animal to revert from parthenogenetic to bisexual reproduction, and start producing resting eggs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048624
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolution of groundwater Cladocera (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 307 (1995), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: groundwater ; evolution ; Cladocera ; Alona ; conserved species
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cladocera occur in various types of groundwater, but are most common in the underflow of rivers. Numerous surface water species occasionally venture into groundwater; some chydorids are more common in groundwaters than in surface waters; at least three groups within Alona, finally, have evolved exclusive groundwater species. The latter show few obvious adaptations to the subterranean habitat, except loss of an eye or total blindness. Some, however, have conserved an array of primitive characters (e.g. on the end-claw of the postabdomen, and the setation of the valve rims) which suggest that the physical protection and relative constancy of the hyporheic has permitted the survival of some ancient taxa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00031998
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A revision of the Scapholeberinae (Crustacea: Cladocera) (1983)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 100 (1983), S. 3-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cladocera ; Daphniidae ; taxonomy ; biogeography ; hyponeuston ; Megafenestra ; Scapholeberis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The group of hyponeustonic daphniid cladocera previously known under the generic name Scapholeberis is raised to the rank of a subfamily (Scapholeberinae) and contains two genera, Megafenestra n.gen. (2 species), and Scapholeberis s.s. (7 species and one subspecies). The characters upon which this revision is based are: structure of the rostrum, structure of the first antennae, structure of trunk limbs 1, 2, and 5, presence and nature of headpore(s), structure of the ventral rim of the valves, armature of the distal rim of the valves, structure of the postabdomen and its end-claws. Males were examined in all but two species, and proved to be more primitive than females and much less diagnostic than in the Chydoridae. It also appeared that the shape and armature of the postabdomen are less important taxonomical tools than heretofore supposed. In more than half of the species, it is of generalised shape and hardly usable beyond the species-group level. The same, although less drastically, holds true for the P1 of males. Of greatest diagnostic value at the species level are the shape of the rostrum and the armature of the valve margins. A phylogeny of the subfamily is proposed, with Megafenestra as the more primitive genus, closely allied to Ceriodaphnia, and within Scapholeberis, S. mucronata as the most apomorphic species. In biogeographical respect, no species is cosmopolitan, although their ranges may be of continental dimensions. Species and populations appear to concentrate in the temperate and continental climate belts of the northern hemisphere, but more research in the southern hemisphere is needed. A key for the identification of all species is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027420
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cladocera from the Sudan: Red Sea Hills, Jebel Marra and valley of the main Nile (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 110 (1984), S. 163-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Sudan ; Cladocera ; biogeography ; taxonomy ; Sudan ; Nile
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Twenty species of Cladocera are reported from the Nile, where lacustrine species dominate, and from Jebel Marra and the Red Sea Hills, where chydorids dominate. The community found in the Red Sea Hills is more typically desertic than that of Jebel Marra, which appears closely related to the fauna of the West and Central African Sahel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025787
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