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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid phase transport of glycerol and sodium chloride in resin (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 7 (1961), S. 672-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Diffusivities and equilibrium absorption of sodium chloride and glycerol in cation exchange resin Dowex-50 were determined by making a two-constant fit of experimental data to a diffusion model. The variables studied were: resin cross linkage - 2% to 12% divinylbenzene, temperature - 25° to 80°C, concentrations in the equilibrating solution, resin particle size, flow rate of the eluting distilled water. Diffusivities increase with decrease in cross linkage and with increase in temperature. The ratio of the diffusivities of sodium chloride or glycerol in the resin to that in water is between 0.2 and 0.35 for 2% DVB and between 0.025 and 0.1 for 12% DVB. Diffusivities were found to be independent of the third, fourth, and fifth variables. The amounts of solutes absorbed at equilibrium also increased with a decrease in cross linkage and an increase in temperature.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690070428
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of consecutive competitive reaction systems (1962)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 8 (1962), S. 581-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental kinetic data are most conveniently correlated by the integrated form of the differential rate equations which the reactions are presumed to obey. A new method of obtaining an approximate integral solution of the differential equations is described and applied to a set of three consecutive competitive reactions.The approximate integral solution is used to correlate experimental data on systems whose stoichiometry would indicate a consecutivecompetitive mechanism. The compositions of the reaction mixes are predicted with a standard error of estimate of less than 4% of the original concentration of the initiating reactant, in most cases less than 2%. The estimates of the rate constants, found by fitting the approximate solution to the data, are within experimental error of the values obtained by differentiation of the published results.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690080503
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-phase concurrent flow in packed beds (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 7 (1961), S. 231-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pressure drop and liquid saturation accompanying two-phase concurrent flow have been studied in a variety of packings and with gas-liquid systems having a wide range of fluid properties. Two basic flow patterns were observed with nonfoaming systems. Correlations of pressuredrop and liquid-saturation data were obtained in terms of the single-phase friction losses for the liquid and the gas when each flows alone in the bed. Deviations from the correlation with foaming systems are discussed and illustrated with sample data.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690070213
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rate of nitration of benzene with mixed acid (1956)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 2 (1956), S. 26-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The rates of nitration of benzene by nitric acid in mixed acid to produce mononitrobenzene have been measured in well-emulsified reaction mixtures in the temperature range from 34° to 54°C. The acid-phase compositions ranged from 1.6 mole % nitric acid and 27 mole % sulfuric acid to 35 mole % nitric acid and zero % sulfuric acid; the organicphase composition ranged from 4 to 95 mole % benzene, and the relative extent of the acid and organic phases was varied from 25 to 80 volume % acid phase.The reaction rate based on the total volume of the reacting mixture is shown to be a function of the phase compositions, temperature, and volume % of acid phase.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690020106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental foundations of chemical engineering (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 354-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fundamental knowledge consists of understanding not only the models which correlate and rationalized observations but also the quantity and quality of the observations. The degree of correlation attempted should be consistent with this quantity and quality.The scientist correlates and rationalizes observations primarily to broaden his general understanding of the physical universe, and his efforst at correlation are more often than not a way of speculating on the future experiments which should be undertaken to test his concepts. For this purpose he is often satisfied with accuracy to one order of magnitude. The engineer, faced with the design and operation of expensive equipment, is almost always interested in a much higher accuracy in his correlations.Virtually all existing data in the rate processes are forced into rationalizations based upon either potential-difference or potential-gradient models. The application of these models to systems of even relatively simple geometry gives rise to mathematical complexity beyond present analtic ability. Even so, our ability to measure and observe seems to be far below our ability to analyze. These two models have been used effectively in chemical engineering in the past and have served to organize a great deal of information in the rate processes. Present research efforts appear to be directed primarily toward filling in gaps in available data and in refining the application of the models. We seem to suffer from a lack of models to test and a lack of data designed to test critically the existing models. There is relatively little exploratory research in chemical engineering as compared, for example, to physics.When one views chemical engineering as a chain extending from economics, markets, mechanical design, process design, and process development to process research, the uncertainties inherent in some of the links easily involve variances of 50 to 80%. Under these circumstances it would appear that the present orientation of research is distributed much too heavily toward refinement of existing ideas and not nearly enough toward exploration.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050320
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An approach to fault diagnosis of chemical processes via neural networks (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 82-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article presents an approach to fault diagnosis of chemical processes at steadystate operation by using artificial neural networks. The conventional back-propagation network is enhanced by adding a number of functional units to the input layer. This technique considerably extends a network's capability for representing complex nonlinear relations and makes it possible to simultaneously diagnose multiple faults and their corresponding levels in a chemical process. A simulation study of a heptane-to-toluene process at steady-state operation shows successful results for the proposed approach.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690390109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relative inhibitory effect of various compounds on the rate of polymerization of vinyl acetate. II. Effect of conjugated and unconjugated acetylenes and olefins (1964)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 889-896 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The relative inhibitory effects of hexene-1, hexyne-1, trans-hexene-2, cis-hexene-2, hexyne-2, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiyne, 1,7-octadiyne, 1,8-octadiyne, 1-hexen-5-yne, 4-chloro-1,2-butadiene, chloroprene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene, 2,4-hexadiyne, 2-methyl-1-buten-3-yne, styrene, ethynylbenzene, hydroquinone, and p-methoxyphenol on the bulk polymerization of vinyl acetate were measured. Polymerization was carried out at 70°C. in a test tube in the presence of benzoyl peroxide. A comparison was made of the magnitude of the inhibitory effect due to isolated and conjugated, double and triple bonds as well as cumulative double bonds. A brief comparison between aliphatic and aromatic compounds was also made.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1964.070080228
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cure rates of phenolic resins by differential thermal analysis (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 777-784 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A method has been developed to show the effect of temperature, catalyst level, resin advancement, and water content on the cure rate of phenolic resins by DTA. This DTA procedure allows for quantitative measurement of the phenolic resins cure exotherm.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090234
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adhesion study of polyimide to SI surfacesPresented at the 13th Symposium on Applied Surface Analysis Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, 12-14 June 1991. (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 18 (1992), S. 289-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The blister test is applied to the type of thin-film structures used in microelectronic packaging. The main advantage of this test is that most of the energy expended is responsible for interfacial fracture, allowing the determination of a fracture energy that closely represents the true interfacial adhesion strength between a thin film and a rigid substrate. It has been proved quantitatively that surface modification contributes to enhanced adhesion. It is found that the critical pressure at which debonding occurs does not correlate with the fracture energy measured in the blister test. Reproducibility of the fracture energy is exceptionally good and allows determination of the optimal thermal condition for promoting adhesion of polyimide on silicon surfaces.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740180408
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time - temperature profile across a lumber section exposed to pyrolytic temperatures (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 18 (1994), S. 211-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents a closed-form solution with empirical adjustments to predict the time-temperature profile across a lumber section when the exposure history of its surface is known. The formulation is based on the two-dimensional heat-conduction equation that includes the effects of moisture evaporation and pyrolysis of wood. The kinetic constants and adjustment factors needed in the model were estimated from the temperature profile test data of dimension lumber and other published sources. This technique offers a simple practical means to estimate the internal temperatures of structural lumber exposed to high temperatures, and has been effectively implemented in the analyses of protected wood assemblies exposed to fire situations.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810180404
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