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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 2365-2395 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Structure of 1,4-Dihydro-1,4-diphosphinines and 1,4-Dihydro-1,4-phospharsininesThe cyclizing addition of phenylphosphane or phenylarsane to tert-butyl(benzyl, diethylamino)diethinylphosphane (14) with formation of the 1,4-dihydro-1,4-diphosphininesPhosphorine heißen nach den neuen IUPAC-Regeln (W. H. Powell, Pure Appl. Chem. 55, 409 (1983)) Phosphinine. 11 a-d and 1,4-dihydro-1,4-phospharsinines 12 a - d , resp., occurs by a radical mechanism (AIBN) as well as base-catalyzed (NaNH 2/NH 3 l; KOH/[18]-crown-6); 11 and 12 are formed as mixtures of cis/trans-isomers with the cis-isomers with (e,e)-conformation prevailling. This is confirmed by X-ray analysis of 1- tert-butyl-1,4-dihydro-4-phenyl-1,4-diphosphinine ( 11 a). The cyclizing addition of primary alkylphosphanes ( tert-butylphosphane, benzylphosphane) to diethinylphosphanes is possible only by KOH/[18]-crown-6 catalysis ( 11 e - f). - A NOEDS-study of 1-benzyl-4- tert-butyl-1,4-dihydro-1,4-diphosphinine ( 11 e) confirms the assigned cis(e,e)-structure. 1,4-Dibenzyl-1,4-dihydro-1,4-diphosphinine ( 11 g) cannot be isolated, following reactions via the 1,4-diphosphinine are discussed. Only by base-catalyzed (NaNH 2/NH 3 l; KOH/[18]-crown-6) cyclizing addition of aryl-, alkylphosphanes, and phenylarsane to di-1-propinylphosphane the 1,4-dihydro-3,5-dimethyl-1,4-di-phosphinines 23 and -1,4-phospharsinines 24 , resp. ( cis/trans-isomeric mixtures), are formed exclusively. Their configuration and conformation is assigned by chemical and spectroscopic means.
    Notes: Die cyclisierende Addition von Phenylphosphan bzw. Phenylarsan an tert-Butyl(Benzyl, Diethylamino)diethinylphosphan (14) zu den 1,4-Dihydro-1,4-diphosphininenPhosphorine heißen nach den neuen IUPAC-Regeln (W. H. Powell, Pure Appl. Chem. 55, 409 (1983)) Phosphinine. 11 a-d bzw. 1,4-Dihydro-1,4-phospharsininen 12a-d gelingt radikalisch (AIBN) und basenkatalysiert (NaNH2/NH3fl.; KOH/[18]-Krone-6); 11 und 12 entstehen als cis/trans-Isomerengemische, in denen nach den Spektren die cis-Isomeren in der (e,e)-Konformation bevorzugt sind. Dies wird durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 1-tert-Butyl-1,4-dihydro-4-phenyl-1,4-diphosphinin (11 a) bestätigt. Die cyclisierende Addition von primären Alkylphosphanen (tert-Butylphosphan, Benzylphosphan) an die Diethinylphosphane gelingt nur bei Katalyse durch KOH/[18]-Krone-6 (11 e-f). Eine NOEDS-Untersuchung an 1-Benzyl-4-tert-butyl-1,4-dihydro-1,4-diphosphinin (11 e) bestätigt die cis(e,e)-Struktur. 1,4-Dibenzyl-1,4-dihydro-1,4-diphosphinin (11 g) läßt sich nicht isolieren, Folgereaktionen über das 1,4-Diphosphinin werden diskutiert. Nur bei der basenkatalysierten cyclisierenden Addition von Aryl-, Alkylphosphanen und Phenylarsan an Di-1-propinylphosphane (NaNH2/NH3fl., KOH/[18]-Krone-6) entstehen ausschließlich die 1,4-Dihydro-3,5-dimethyl-1,4-diphosphinine 23 bzw. -phospharsinine 24 als cis/trans-Isomerengemische, deren Konfiguration und Konformation chemisch und spektroskopisch festgelegt wird.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 155 (1940), S. 163-176 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 2307-2315 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Lithium- and magnesium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinates (TMPPL and TMPPM) are effective water-soluble photoinitiators for the free-radical polymerization of appropriate monomers such as acrylamide (AA) and methacrylamide (MAA) in aqueous solution. They are also capable of initiating the polymerization of other olefinic compounds such as styrene (St), methyl methacrylate (MMA) or acrylonitrile (AN) in water-containing solvent mixtures such as 1:1 water-acetonitrile mixtures. This is due to the fact that TMPPL and TMPPM undergo α-scission with a rather high quantum yield (φ(α) ≈ 0,35) resulting in the formation of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl radicals and O=Ṗ (C6H5)(O-) radical anions. The latter are very reactive toward olefinic monomers. Bimolecular rate constants kR+M/(L/(mol · s)) were determined by flash photolysis at room temperature, e. g. in neat water: 3,8 · 108 (MAA), 2,2 · 108 (AA), and in H2O/CH3CN (1:1, v/v): 1,8 · 107 (St), 1,2 · 108 (MMA), 8,4 · 107 (AN).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 70 (1937), S. 744-746 
    ISSN: 0365-9631
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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