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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emulsion polymerization of ethylene. IV. Effect of recipe and polymerization conditions on polymer properties (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 1845-1862 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Some Physical, chemical, and solution properties of polyethylene prepared by emulsion polymerization are described and compared with those of conventional high-pressure polymer. The emulsion polymers contain an unusually large amount of low molecular weight material for the solution viscosities they exhibit. It is this low molecular weight material that contributes to the characteristic low elongation of the emulsion polymer, as well as to its wide distribution of molecular weights. The effect of changes in recipe and in conditions of polymerization on these properties is discussed. It is shown that some of the emulsifier present during polymerization becomes part of the polymer chain.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1966.070101205
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective detection of aromatic hydrocarbons involving half-massessNRCC No. 27653 (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 1 (1987), S. 28-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290010207
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal history and temperature dependence of viscoelastic properties of polymer glasses: Relation to free volume quantities (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 2295-2305 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: free volume ; viscoelastic properties ; physical aging ; the Doolittle equation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The dependence of physical properties on temperature and thermal history of glassy polycarbonate is examined. The average stress relaxation time increases during isothermal aging and with decreasing cooling rate. The temperature dependence of the stress relaxation time was compared with a free volume function calculated from specific volume data reported by Zoller by means of the Simha-Somcynsky theory and with a fractional free volume measured by ortho-positronium annihilation. We report in addition comparisons between free volume fractions extracted from volume data, and creep measurements for polystyrene, and stress relaxation data for poly(vinyl acetate) given by Kovacs et al., Schwarzl and Zahradnik, and Meyer et al. These investigations suggest that in the glassy state the Doolittle equation is valid only in isothermal aging experiments. It follows that in expressing the polymer mobility not only a temperature-dependent free volume but additional temperature-dependent processes need to be considered. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090331701
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscoelastic properties of dilute nematic mixtures containing cyclic and hyperbranched liquid crystal polymers dissolved in a nematic solvent (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 1213-1223 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: viscoelastic properties ; dynamic light scattering ; dilute nematic solutions ; cyclic liquid crystal polymer ; hyperbranched liquid crystal polymer ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The twist and bend viscosities of dilute solutions of cyclic and hyperbranched liquid crystal polymers (LCP) dissolved in low molar mass nematic solvents were determined via dynamic light scattering analysis. These results were compared to those of linear chains with similar chemical repeat structures. The nematic solvent used was 4′-pentyloxy-4-cyanobiphenyl (50CB). The cyclic LCP oligomers, Cy TPB10, have a mesogenic group, 1-(4-hydroxy-4′-biphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, separated by flexible decamethylene spacers. The twist viscosity of the cyclic Cy-TPB10 oligomers increases with molecular weight more strongly than the linear, TPB-10, suggesting that the hydrodynamic behavior of Cy-TPB10 is closer to that of a rigid rod than TPB10. Surprisingly, the intrinsic bend viscosity [ηbend] of Cy-TPB10 decreases with molecular weight, in contrast to the positive dependence for linear TPB10. This may reflect the higher strain energy in the smaller ring sizes. The hyperbranched LCP, TPD-b-8, is also based on the mesogen 10-bromo-1-(4-hydroxy-4′-biphenyl)-2(4-hydroxyphenyl) decane but with octyl groups at the chain ends. We compare the viscoelastic behavior of dilute nematic solutions of TPD-b-8 in 50CB against that of a linear main-chain LCP, TPB7, with the same mesogenic group but with heptamethylene spacers. The viscometric properties of TPD-b-8/50CB and TPB7/50CB are quite different. The results suggest that each chain is prolate (i. e., R∥ 〉 R⊥) but that TPD-b-8 has a smaller chain anisotropy than that of TPB7. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090330807
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The molecular weight average obtained by combining quasielastic light-scattering and intrinsic viscosity measurements (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 3261-3267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: For “monodisperse”, randomly coiled macromolecules, we find that the molecular weight, intrinsic viscosity, and diffusion coefficient are accurately related by \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \left[ \eta \right]M_{D,\eta } = 3.0 \times 10^{ - 27} \left( {D_t^0 {{\eta _0 } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\eta _0 } T}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} T}} \right)^{ - 3} {{\left( {{{{\rm erg}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{\rm erg}} {^\circ {\rm K}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {^\circ {\rm K}}}} \right)^3 } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\left( {{{{\rm erg}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{\rm erg}} {^\circ {\rm K}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {^\circ {\rm K}}}} \right)^3 } g}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} g} $$\end{document} This equation holds for denatured proteins in 6M GuHCl(aq) as well as for narrow polystyrene fractions in tetrahydrofuran. For a Schulz distribution of molecular weights, the weight measured from combining diffusion and viscosity data is closely approximated by \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ M_{D,\eta } = M_w^{0.425} M_z^{0.575} $$\end{document} These equations are verified with measurements of wide molecular distributions of polystyrene in toluene and data from the literature. These relations provide a rapid, nondestructive method to determine a well-specified molecular weight average of small quantities of polymers in a wide diversity of solvents using quasielastic light scattering techniques to evaluate polymer diffusion coefficients.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070211207
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preparation and polymerization of ethylene-d4 (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 2499-2507 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A direct method for preparing deuterated ethylene by reducing acetylene-d2 with chromous ions in a dimethylformamide/deuterium oxide mixture is described. This method gives a good yield of precursor gas of relatively high purity. The gas was polymerized with a Ziegler-type catalyst to produce deuterated polyethylene with sufficient purity and melt flow properties for use in laser fusion studies. A reaction variables study showed that polymerization of deuterated ethylene yields polymers with higher molecular weights than those obtained using normal ethylene. The study also indicated that the deuterium content of the polymer decreases with increasing reaction temperature, thus dictating that the process operates near room temperature. Several mechanical and chemical properties of the deuterated polymer were determined and are reported.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1978.070220909
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ion kinetic energy spectra of some chlorinated insecticidesIssued as NRCC No. 12741. (1973)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 7 (1973), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ion kinetic energy (IKE) spectra of the p,p′ and o,p′ DDT, DDD and DDE isomers have been examined. The results indicated that the decomposing [M-CCl3] ions (b) (m/e 235) for the p,p′ and o,p′ DDT isomers were not energetically similar, suggesting retention of the positional identity of the aromatic chlorine substituents. Similar results were obtained for the [M - CHCl2] ions (b) for the p,p′ and o,p′ DDD isomers. The IKE spectra of p,p′ and o,p′ DDE were indistinguishable, indicating loss of substituent identity of the aromatic chlorine group. The mechanistic and analytical consequences of these data are discussed. The IKE spectra of the four hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (V to VIII) are different and these spectra are obviously useful in the analysis and characterization of these structurally similar compounds. The differences in their reactivity must in some part be due to their different stereochemical orientations of the chlorine substituents.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210070211
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mass spectra of some pentafluorophenylthio derivativesIssued as NRCC 13376. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 147-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ionic fragmentations induced by electron-impact on compounds of the type C6F5SX (X = H, CH3, COCH3, Cl, C6F5) and (C6F5S)2, (C6F5S)2Hg, (C6F5S)3As and (C6F5SCH2)2 have been studied. Principal features of the mass spectra are reported. The [C6F5S]+ ion (m/e 199) is predominant and its mode of fragmentation has been deduced. The precursor ions for m/e 199 have been examined in (C6F5)2S, (C6F5S)2, (C6F5S)2Hg, (C6F5S)3As and C6F5SCl. Ion kinetic energy spectra of (C6F5)2S, (C6F5S)2, (C6F5S)2Hg and C6F5SCl have been recorded, and all contain peaks corresponding to the fragmentation of the [C6F5S]+ ion.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210080118
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ion kinetic energy spectra of isomeric chlorobenzenes and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB'S)Issued as NRCC No. 12909. (1973)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 7 (1973), S. 169-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ion kinetic energy (IKE) spectra of the isomeric di-and trichlorobenzenes have been examined and the data for the latter compounds suggested that there was incomplete chlorine randomization in their molecular ions in the first field-free region of the mass spectrometer. Previous studies on the mass spectra and [metastable ion]/[daughter ion] ratios of the di-, tetra- and hexachlorobiphenyls (PCB's) indicated chlorine randomization in the molecular ions of those isomers containing less than two chlorine groups ortho to the Ph-Ph ring junction. In contrast the IKE spectra of the isomers are different and the results indicate incomplete chlorine randomization in the first field-free region of the mass spectrometer. These spectral differences may be of some use in PCB analysis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210070206
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrogen on Nickel Oxides (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 409 (1974), S. 106-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Katalytische Oxydation von Wasserstoff an NickeloxidenDie katalytische Oxydation von Wasserstoff an hochdispersen sowie gesinterten Nickeloxiden wurde mit einer statischen Methode untersucht und das Vorhandensein zweier verschiedener kinetischer Bereiche festgestellt. Zwischen 0 und 100°C war die anfängliche katalytische Aktivität nicht stationär, und eine stark vergiftende Wirkung des Reaktionsproduktes wurde bei allen Temperaturen bis zu 250°C beobachtet. Die Aktivierungsenergie der Reaktion, die auf den anfänglichen Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten auf frisch entgasten Oxidoberflächen basiert, wies den kleinen Wert von 1-2 kcal . mol-1 bei beiden Präparaten auf. Im Temperaturbereich zwischen 250 und 350°C wurde eine stationär katalytische Aktivität beobachtet, und die Aktivierungsenergie der Reaktion lag bedeutend höher bei 12-15 kcal . mol-1.Der Wechsel in der Aktivierungsenergie wird mit der Wirkung von unterschiedlichen Sauerstoffarten der Katalysatoroberfläche, die in beiden Temperaturbereichen verschiedene Aktivitäten bei der Reaktion aufweisen, diskutiert. Eine Analogie zwischen der Kohlen- oxid- nnd Wasserstoffoxydation an Nickeloxid wird festgestellt sowie ein Kompensationseffekt für eine Reihe von Oxydationsreaktionen gezeigt.
    Notes: The catalytic oxidation of hydrogen on highly-dispersed and sintered nickel oxides has been studied by a static method and the existence of two different kinetic rcgions established. Between 0 and 100°C the initial catalytic activity was not ionary and a strong poisoning effect of the reaction product was observed at all temperatnres up to 250°C. The activation energy of the reaction based on the initial reaction rates on freshly- outgassed oxide surfaces had a low value of 1-2 kcal. mole-1 with both preparations. Between 250 and 350°C stationary catalytic activity was observed and the activation energy of the reaction was significantly higher, 12-14 kcal . mole-1.The change of the activation energy is discussed in terms of the participation in the reaction of oxygen species in the catalyst surface layer which have different reactivities in the two temperature regions. A close analogy is noted between the carbon monoxide and hydrogen oxidation reactions on nickel oxide and a compensation effect is illustrated for a series of oxidation reactions on the oxide.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19744090113
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