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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of dynamic calorimetry for monitoring fermentation processes (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 18 (1976), S. 1371-1392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The rate of heat evolution (kcal/liter-hr) in mycelial fermentations for novobiocin and cellulase production with media containing noncellular solids was measured by an in situ dynamic calorimetric procedure. Thermal data so obtained have proved significant both in monitoring cell concentration during the trophophase (growth phase) and in serving as a physiological variable in the fermentation process. The validity of this technique has been demonstrated by closing the overall material and energy balances.The maintenance energy in a batch fermentation can also be calculated by integrating heat evolution data. This integration method is applicable to a fermentation lacking a precise cell growth curve. The maintenance coefficient, obtained for the novobiocin fermentation by Streptomyces niveus, is equal to 0.028 g glucose equivalent/g cell-hr. The production of novobiocin in the idio-phase (production phase) also correlates well with the amount of energy catabolixed for maintenance and this results in an observed conversion yield of glucose to novobiocin of 11.8 mg of novobiocin produced per gram of glucose catabolized.A new physiological variable, kilocalories of heat evolved per millimole of oxygen consumed, has been proposed to monitor the state of cells during the fermentation. This method may provide a simple way to monitor on-line shifts in the efficiency of cell respiration and changes in growth yields during a microbial process.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260181005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic evaluation of microbial growth (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 18 (1976), S. 1811-1814 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260181214
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic evaluation of microbial growth (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 19 (1977), S. 937-937 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260190613
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth monitoring and control through computer-aided on-line mass balancing in a fed-batch penicillin fermentation (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 225-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A computer-aided methodology is developed for on-line monitoring and control of cell growth in fed-batch penicillin fermentation using a semidefined medium containing low corn steep liquor concentration (5.7 g/L). Cell growth is monitored and controlled with the use of experimental correlation and carbon-balancing equatiions on a real-time basis throughout the fermentation. Through a combination of feed-forward and feedback control of sugar addition, residual glucose concentration in the broth was maintained below 1 g/L and cell-growth rate was kept at constant at preset vaiues. The accuracy and reproducibility of this technique are demonstrated. The use of real-time control of cell growth is expected to aid future investigations of this antibiotic fermentation.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260250118
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth monitoring and control in complex medium: A case study employing fed-batch penicillin fermentation and computer-aided on-line mass balancing (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 257-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To broaden the practicality of on-line growth monitoring and control, its application in fedbatch penicillin fermentation using high corn steep liquor (CSL) concentration (53 g/L) is demonstrated. By employing a calculation method that considers the vagaries of CSL consumption, overall and instantaneous carbon-balancing equations are successfully used to calculate, on-line, the cell concentration and instantaneous specific growth rate in the penicillin production phase. As a consequence, these equations, together with a feedback control strategy, enable the computer control of glucose feed and maintenance of the preselected production-phase growth rate with error less than 0.002 h-1.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260250119
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon-13 and proton NMR data for two series of mesogenic compounds (1986)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 24 (1986), S. 1014-1016 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: 1H NMR ; 13C NMR ; 4-n-alkyl-4′-cyanobiphenyls 4-n-alkyloxy-4′-cyanobiphenyls ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C and 1H NMR spectra of two series of mesogenic compounds dissolved in CDCl3 were studied. The compounds are 4-n-alkyl-4′-cyanobiphenyls and 4-n-alkyloxy-4′-cyanobiphenyls, with the alkyl group ranging from pentyl to octyl. 13C and 1H chemical shifts and 13C-1H scalar coupling constants are tabulated.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260241117
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