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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melt transesterification of diphenyl carbonate with bisphenol a in a batch reactor (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 1033-1046 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of the melt transesterification of diphenyl carbonate with 4,4-dihydroxydiphenyl-2,2-propane has been studied in a batch reactor with LiOH · H2O as a catalyst in the temperature range of 150-180°C. The third-order forward and backward rate constants were determined experimentally and a linear dependence of the transesterification rate on the catalyst concentration was observed. The product oligomer concentration distribution has also been measured experimentally and estimated by the molecular species model which describes the progress of the melt transesterification.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070410514
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of steady state of free radical solution polymerization in a continuous stirred tank reactor (1986)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 975-981 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The steady state structure of non-isothermal free radical solution polymerization in a continuous stirred tank reactor is analyzed. With mean residence time as a bifurcation parameter, five regions of steady states are identified. The effect of reactor operating conditions on the structure and the stability of steady state is discussed.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760261403
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A melt prepolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) in semibatch stirred reactors (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 2987-3024 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A semibatch melt prepolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is studied. Being characterized by complex reaction pathways leading to various functional end groups and side products, PET prepolymerization process poses a challenging modeling problem. Ten distinct polymeric species have been defined in accordance with the type of functional end groups and the corresponding mass balance and moment equation are developed to estimate the progress of reaction and polymer molecular weight. The effect of various reactor operating conditions on the performance of the polymerization process has been examined through numerical simulation of the molecular species model developed. In particular, the effect of incomplete transesterification of methyl ester groups on the polymer molecular weight has been investigated in detail.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070411135
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiobjective dynamic optimization of batch free radical polymerization process catalyzed by mixed initiator systems (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 44 (1992), S. 1759-1778 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The optimal control policies for batch free radical polymerization of styrene catalyzed by a binary mixture of monofunctional initiators have been determined using a multiobjective dynamic optimization technique. The process objectives considered in the optimization include monomer conversion, polymer molecular weight, initiator residue level, and total reaction time. It is illustrated through model simulations and experiments that the performance of the batch polymerization process can be improved significantly through the use of optimal initiator mixture and polymerization temperature programming. This paper also illustrates how the multiobjection optimization technique can be used effectively to solve complex polymerization reactor optimization problems with detailed reaction models.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070441009
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol and 1,4-butanediol catalyzed by tetrabutyl titanate (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 329-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of tetrabutyl titanate catalyzed transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol of various molecular weight has been studied in the presence and absence of 1,4-butanediol. Detailed analysis of experimental data with a proposed kinetic model indicates that the equal reactivity hypothesis for functional groups is valid within a wide range of experimental conditions studied. It is also found that the reactivity of hydroxyl groups of macrodiols such as poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol is independent of the chain length of the polymer. Effect of various reaction parameters on the transesterification rate and the resulting product composition is also discussed.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070330206
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of olefines through heterogeneous catalysis IV. Modeling of heat and mass transfer resistance in the polymer particle boundary layer (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 31 (1986), S. 2231-2265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Propylene and ethylene polymerization in liquid and gas media are described by a multigrain particle model. External boundary layer heat and mass transfer effects are investigated for various catalysts and operating conditions. For high-activity catalysts used in slurry, external film mass transfer effects may be significant. For gas-phase polymerization of propylene or ethylene, the model predicts significant particle overheating at short times, which may explain the particle sticking and agglomeration problems sometimes observed in industrial reactors.
    Additional Material: 43 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070310724
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steady-state and transient behavior of a continuous polyethylene terephthalate condensation polymerization process. I. Melt transesterification stage (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 707-728 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The steady-state and transient behavior of a continuous stirred-tank reactor for melt transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol in the presence of metal acetate catalyst is presented. The kinetic model includes the main transesterification reactions and side reactions leading to diethylene glycol and carboxylic acid end groups. The effect of various reactro operating parameters such as [EG]/[DMT] mole ratio and feed catalyst concentration on the product distribution under steady-state reactor operating conditions is analyzed. The dynamic process model has also been solved and the reactor transients to step changes in various reactor parameters are reported.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370310
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymer composition control policies for semibatch free radical copolymerization processes (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 1429-1433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370525
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of bulk styrene polymerization catalyzed by symmetrical bifunctional initiators (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 1547-1562 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of bulk styrene polymerization catalyzed by symmetrical bifunctional initiators [2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(benzoyl peroxy) hexane] is studied. Being characterized by the presence of two peroxide groups of equal thermal stabilities, this bifunctional initiator system shows complex initiation, propagation, and termination reaction pathways. The kinetic model for bulk styrene polymerization with the bifunctional initiator is presented and compared with experimental data. The experimental data indicate that the model is quite satisfactory in describing the polymerization rate and polymer molecular weights for bulk styrene polymerization catalyzed by the symmetrical bifunctional initiator.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350612
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melt transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1445-1456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetics of a semibatch melt transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) with ethylene glycol (EG) is studied with zinc acetate as a catalyst. This paper quantifies the effect of various reactor operating conditions on the transesterification rate and the product composition distribution. Our experiments support the assumption that the methylesters in DMT and growing oligomer chains have the same reactivities for transesterification with EG and that the reactivity of hydroxyl groups in pure EG for esterification with DMT is twice that of the hydroxyl group in oligomers. With a molecular species model in which various oligomers are identified by the type of functional end groups, the progress of the transesterification and the oligomer concentration distribution were estimated and the agreement between the model predictions and the experimental data were excellent. It has also been shown that 30 wt. % of oligomers are produced for [EG]/[DMT] molar ratio of three, and up to 70 wt. % oligomers are produced at the [EG]/[DMT] molar ratio of one.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350905
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