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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmethylation of metals in aquatic systems (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 1 (1987), S. 235-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Environment ; Transmethylation ; Alkyllead ; Alkyltin ; Methylarsenic compounds ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Transmethylation reactions between organometals and metal ions in aqueous solutions in biotic and abiotic systems, with and without the presence of sediment, were investigated. It was found that alkyllead compounds can transfer their alkyl groups to Sn(II) and Sn(IV) ions to form various methyltin compounds in biotic and abiotic systems. The presence of sediment enhanced the transmethylation reactions. Methyltin compounds do not transfer their methyl groups of Pb(II). Methylarsenic acids transfer their methyl groups to Sn(II) and Sn(IV) in an abiotic system, but not in a biotic system containing sediment. The strong adsorption of tin onto sediment was the reason for the non-availability of tin ions for methylation. Methylarsenic acids do not transmethylate Pb(II). Other alkyllead compounds, such as ethyllead and butyllead species were also able to transfer their alkyl groups to tin. When both trimethyllead and triethyllead species are present in the same system, only the individual monoalkyl tin species were formed in both the Sn(II) and Sn(IV) solutions. No mixed alkyltin was produced. The findings of this study suggest that alkyllead compounds, if present in the environment, could be potential methylating agents for the formation of other methylmetals, such as methyltins. Methyltin compounds have already been documented to methylate mercuric ions in aqueous solution. Thus the study of transmethylation reactions opens up a new area of research that is essential in predicting the fate of organometals in the environment.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590010304
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preparation and structure of 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachloro-2-endo-ferrocenylhydroxymethyl-3-endo-hydroxymethyl-5-norbornene (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 3 (1989), S. 189-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Structure ; ferrocenyl ; flame retardant ; smoke-suppressant ; polyvinyl chloride ; x-ray structure ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The crystal structure of a novel ferrocene derivative with potential flame-retardant/smoke-suppressant activity, 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachloro-2-endo-ferrocenyl-hydroxymethyl-3-endo-hydroxymethyl-5-norbornene, has been determined. Some of the carbon-carbon bonds within the chlorendic residue are unusually long, and there is no interaction between the hydroxyl groups and the iron atom. There is evidence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the two hydroxyl groups.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590030212
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A synergistic organoiron flame-retarding/smoke-suppressing system for ABS (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 5 (1991), S. 51-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Flame retardant ; smoke suppressant ; organoiron compounds ; ABS polymers ; polymer blends ; poly(vinyl chloride) ; Limiting Oxygen Index ; smoke production ; synergism ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Commercial acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymers are among the most flammable of the currently available range of thermoplastic materials. In addition to having a rather low limiting oxygen index (LOI) value in the range 18.3-18.8, ABS polymers also produce compious amounts of smoke and hazardous gases when burnign in the air. In a recent study directed towards preparing and evaluating compounds which would simultaneously reduce the flammability and smoke produced from burning thermoplastic polymers, a synergistic flame-retarding/smoke-suppressing system based on organoiron compounds has been produced, which when properly compounded into ABS/PVC [poly(vinyl chloride)] blends more than doubles the LOI nad at the same time reduces smoke production significantly.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590050107
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the editor (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 14 (1989), S. 123-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810140307
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the Editor: Polypropylene Fire at the BASF Plant, Teeside (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 20 (1996), S. 159-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: No Abstract
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iron-containing organometallic compounds as flame-retarding/smoke-suppressing additives for semi-rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 4 (1990), S. 127-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Flame retardant ; smoke suppressant ; iron-containing organometallics ; poly(vinyl chloride) ; cable ; Limiting Oxygen Index ; smoke density ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The incorporation of a range of iron-containing organometallic compounds into a cable and wire poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) formulation has been investigated. Limiting Oxygen Index and smoke density data were obtained across a range of formulations and the effects of the compounds on flammability and smoke generation are discussed. All the organoiron compounds markedly reduce smoke formation and some of them synergistically reduce the flammability of the polymer.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590040207
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iron-containing compounds as flame retarding/smoke-suppressing additives for PVC (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 12 (1988), S. 109-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The incorporation of a range of iron-containing inorganic and organometallic compounds into a semi-rigid PVC formulation has been investigated. Limiting Oxygen Index and Smoke Density data were obtained across a wide range of formulations and the effects of the compounds on flammability and smoke generation are discussed. Iron-containing inorganic compounds appear to have little effect on the flammability of semi-rigid PVC but several of the organoiron compounds and iron oxides markedly reduce smoke formation.
    Additional Material: 13 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810120305
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The importance of char-forming reactions in thermoplastic polymers (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 18 (1994), S. 151-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The flammability and smoke generated from burning blends of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and polyvinylchloride (PVC) are discussed. Flammability was measured using standard oxygen index techniques and smoke production determined by the NBS method. The incorporation of some specific iron containing inorganic compounds into a range of blends of ABS and PVC considerably changes the burning characteristics of the polymer blend. Thermal stability at elevated temperatures and carbonaceous char formation are also discussed. The chemical role of iron compounds in reducing both the flammability and smoke production in ABS/PVC is considered.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810180303
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of a novel ferrocene derivative having flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant properties (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 2 (1988), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Ferrocene ; chlorendic anhydride ; flame retardant ; smoke suppressant ; flexible PVC ; 1H NMR spectra ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaction of ferrocene with chlorendic anhydride (1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachloro-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride) under Friedel-Crafts reaction conditions affords a new monosubstituted dervative of ferrocene which has significant flameretardant and smoke-suppressant properties when incorporated into poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The monocarboxylic acid from the above reaction undergoes smooth methylation with diazomethane to give the corresponding methyl ester. 1H and 13C NMR spectra of these compounds have been compared with those obtained from similar compounds, namely β-ferrocenoylpropanoic acid and its methyl ester. Distant asymmetric centres in the chlorendic anhydride substituent markedly affect the proton spectra of the ferrocene derivative.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590020311
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flame-retardancy and Smoke-suppression Studies on Ferrocene Derivatives in PVC (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 10 (1996), S. 101-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: ferrocenes ; flame retardancy ; smoke suppression ; PVC ; dehydrochlorination ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A range of substituted ferrocenes has been synthesized and studied for flame retardancy and smoke suppression on incorporation into plasticized PVC at 0.1-5.0 phr. Smoke suppression by up to 50 and enhancement of the limiting oxygen index by up to 4 units were observed. The differences in performance could not be correlated with char formation, thermal analysis or chemical structure of the additive. A negative correlation was found between smoke suppression and flame retardancy. The most effective smoke suppressant additive appears to accelerate the rate of dehydrochlorination of PVC while the most effective flame retardant appears to have little effect on the dehydrochlorination process.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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