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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneous polymer systems. II. Characterization of graft copolymers of styrene on polyethyl acrylate (1963)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 7 (1963), S. 59-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The isolation of two graft copolymers of styrene on polyethyl acrylate from the ungrafted homopolymers by solvent extraction procedures is discussed. For the grafts and their corresponding mixtures ηsp/c versus c plots were determined, and no anomalies were observed. Qualitative data on the solubilities and phase properties of the grafts are given. Torsional modulus-temperature curves are shown for graft copolymer and the individual homopolymers.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1963.070070106
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold NanoparticlesPresented in part at the 78th Canadian Society for Chemistry Conference and Exhibition, May 28 - June 1, 1995, Guelph, Canada and at the 210th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Aug. 20 - 25, 1995, Chicago, Ill. (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 2 (1996), S. 359-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: alkylthiols ; gold ; nanoparticles ; phase transitions ; self-assembly ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of n-alkanethiolates on gold, silver, and copper have been intensively studied both as model organic surfaces and as modulators of metal surface properties. Sensitivity restrictions imposed by monolayer coverage and the low surface area of planar metal substrates, however, limit the characterization of these films in molecular terms to surface enhancement techniques. As a result, key aspects such as film dynamics and alkyl chain ordering remain ill-defined. The characterization of the thermal behaviour of SAMs is important not only for the design of stable, well-ordered organic superlattices, but also for the fundamental understanding of the factors that drive molecular interactions in two dimensions. Phase properties in SAMs have been addressed here through the synthesis of gold nanoparticles of 20-30 Å in diameter and fully covered with alkylthiol chains. These thiolmodified gold nanoparticles with large surface areas have enabled the monolayer film structure to be uniquely characterized by transmission FT-IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Our studies reveal that for long-chain thiols (≥ C16), the alkyl chains exist predominantly in an extended, all-trans ordered conformation at 25°C. Furthermore, calorimetry, variable temperature transmission FT-IR spectroscopy, and solid-state 13C NMR studies have established that a cooperative chain melting process occurs in these alkylated metal colloids. How this arises is not immediately evident, given the relation between the extended chain conformation and the geometry of the spherical nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that adjacent gold particles are separated by approximately one chain length; this suggests that chain ordering arises from an interdigitation of chains on neighboring particles. The thermotropic behavior is sensitive to the alkyl chain length and chain packing density. The alkylated nanoparticles can thus serve as a highly dispersed analogue to the much-studied planar SAMs.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.19960020318
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    13C CP/MAS NMR studies of morphological changes in polypropylene: 2. The double melting endotherm of spunbonded fabrics (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 2085-2098 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: polypropylene ; CP/MAS NMR ; spunbonded fabrics ; crystal structure ; melting ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The double melting endotherm of spunbonded isotactic polypropylene (iPP) fabrics was investigated by monitoring changes in the solid-state NMR spectrum that result from thermal annealing. The DSC melting thermogram was found to change from a double to a single endotherm at anneal temperatures ≥156°C, with a concomitant increase in percent crystallinity. All of the carbon resonances in the CP/MAS NMR spectrum of the purely crystalline phase of iPP were found to be composed of multiple peaks with relative intensities that depend on anneal temperature. By monitoring the changes in the distribution of intensity among the various peaks of a given resonance, a transition temperature of 156°C was identified. Arguments are presented that this redistribution of intensity within a given carbon resonance characterizes the transformation from the α1 to the α2 monoclinic crystal form. The exothermicity associated with this transformation is responsible for the observation of a double melting endotherm by DSC. The splitting patterns observed in the NMR spectrum are discussed in terms of interlayer distances between layers of isochiral helices and the density of exposed methyls at the contact faces of these interlayers. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential thermal analysis of silicones (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 55 (1961), S. 419-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Differential thermal analysis has been applied to several silicone polymers and compounds with the use of oxidative conditions. The model compounds gave melting points corresponding to literature values. However, volatilization gave a broad endotherm much lower than extrapolated boiling points. The order, in oxidative resistance, was dimethyl silicone oil, silphenylene, methyl phenyl silicone oil.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1961.1205516139
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(vinyl chloride)/plasticizer-mixture interactions. Part I. Phthalate ester mixtures (1988)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 10 (1988), S. 72-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Flory-Huggins interaction parameters, χ, have been determined as a function of plasticizer composition for poly(vinyl chloride) in various binary mixtures of phthalate ester plasticizers using a method involving the micro-determination of the temperature at which PVC particles in excess plasticizer appear to melt. An optimum composition at which χ goes through a minimum was found to exist for some of the systems. A good correlation between the apparent melting temperature tm and χ for the neat plasticizers with PVC was also established.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730100206
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(Vinyl chloride)/plasticizer-mixture interactions - mixtures of various plasticizers of industrial importance (1989)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 11 (1989), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Flory-Huggins interaction parameter, x, has been determined as a function of plasticizer composition, φ2, for several ternary mixtures of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and different pairs of plasticizers, selected mainly from the family of aliphatic esters. The method employed was the micro-determination of the apparent melting temperature of a PVC particle in excess plasticizer. In some systems X changed fairly gradually as a function of φ2, while other systems exhibited a pronounced minimum in the X - φ2 plots. Attention has been drawn to the similarity of this latter behavior to the well known co-solvency effect. The existence of such minima is of partical interest in plasticized PVC formulations.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730110105
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of silica on the crystallization of isotactic poly(propylene oxide) (1984)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 5 (1984), S. 307-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The addition of one part, by weight, of fine particle silica to one hundred parts isotactic poly(propylene oxide) causes a retardation in the rate of radial growth of spherulites at all temperatures between 268 and 313 K. The results have been fitted empirically by use of the Hoffman-Lauritzen equation suitably modified to account for effects due to the presence of the silica. At certain temperatures the presence of the silica also causes a change in the morphology of the spherulites.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750050410
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the solid-state thermal degradation of PVC. I. Autocatalysis by hydrogen chloride (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 46 (1992), S. 179-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The thermal degradation of virgin and HCI-treated PVC in powder form, as well as of PVC films of different thicknesses, has been studied as a function of time and temperature. The rate of dehydrochlorination was determined conductimetrically and from the polyene sequence distributions as obtained by UV spectroscopy. Increases in the rate of dehydrochlorination, ranging between 30 and 45%, were observed at all temperatures for the samples pretreated with HCI, while the corresponding activation energies were found to be lower by about 20%. For the PVC films, the rate increased with thickness, i.e., with longer residence time of evolved HCI within the sample. The results offer insight regarding the autocatalytic role of evolved HCI.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070460117
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das chemische Verhalten von aktivem Stickstoff (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 82 (1970), S. 187-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aktiver Stickstoff entsteht durch elektrische Entladung in strömendem Stickstoff und gibt sich durch das charakteristische gelbe Nachleuchten zu erkennen. Zum quantitativen Nachweis eignet sich z. B. die Umsetzung mit Stickstoffoxid („Gasphasen-Titration“). Der aktive Stickstoff setzt sich mit zahlreichen Elementen sowie anorganischen und organischen Verbindungen um. Seine wichtigsten Reaktionen sind auf Stickstoffatome zurückzuführen; daneben sind aber auch elektronisch angeregte Moleküle beteiligt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19700820502
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allenic and Acetylenic Spiropiperidine Alkaloids from the Neotropical Forg, Dendrobates histrionicusPresented in part in the 13th Paul Karrer Lecture on 30 June 1971; Experientia 27, 1121 (1971). (1974)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 57 (1974), S. 2597-2604 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Four analogs of the acetylenic alkaloid, histrionicotoxin (C19H25NO) and the allenic alkaloid, isodihydrohistrionicotoxin have been isolated from extracts of skins of the arrow poison frog, Dendrobates histrionicus and characterized as neodihydrohistrionicotoxin, tetrahydrohistrionicotoxin, isotetrahydrohistrionicotoxin and octahydrohistrionicotoxin. These spiropiperidine (8-hydroxy-1-azaspiro[5.5]undecane) alkaloids differ only in the degree of unsaturation in the five carbon atoms (position 2) and four carbon atoms (position 7) side chains. A fifth compound, HTX-D, corresponds in empirical formula to a tetrahydrohistrionicotoxin with a 7-(cis-1-butenyl-3-ynyl) side chain, but the major mass spectral fragmentation with loss of C2H5O is not characteristic of the histrionicotoxins. Reduction of histrionicotoxin with hydrogen and Lindlar catalyst affords an isomeric dihydrohistrionicotoxin with the terminal acetylene of the five carbon atoms side chain reduced, tetrahydrohistrionicotoxin and hexahydrohistrionicotoxins, while reduction with hydrogen and palladium on charcoal affords dodecahydrohistrionicotoxin which is readily methylated to the tertiary amine by methyl iodide.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19740570835
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