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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of particle growth in a fluidized calciner (1962)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 8 (1962), S. 53-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study of the factors underlying the mechanisms of particle growth in a fluidized calciner was conducted in a 3-in. diameter column. In such a calciner radioactive waste liquor from nuclear fuel reprocessing can be converted to a granular solid for disposal. To simulate the octual waste, aluminum oxide as bed material and aqueous aluminum nitrate solution as feed were used. Particle growth was traced through the addition of radiactive seeds. The effects on the growth rate of operating variables and physical properties of the feed were investigated. Statistical analysis of the data substantiated the proposed growth mechanism, and the resulting growth coefficient was correlated with the variables studied.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690080115
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential 11α-hydroxylation and 1-dehydrogenation of 16α-hydroxycortexolone (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 503-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two-step microbial transformation of 16α-hydroxycortexolone to its 1-dehydro-11α-hydroxy derivative, without isolating an intermediate, was achieved with an overall yield of 72% of product at a steroid substrate concentration of 3 mg/ml. The process included formation of the cycloborate complex of the substrate, hydroxylation of the borate complex with a suspension of Aspergillus ochraceus mycelium in phosphate buffer, and dehydrogenation of the 11α-hydroxylated intermediate with acetone-dried Arthrobacter simplex cells. The desired product was then obtained by breaking the resultant borate complex through acidification.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130405
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of glutamate dehydrogenase isoenzymes during growth of Oocystis alga (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 1801-1816 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oocystis sp., a unicellular green alga, contained two glutamate dehydrogenase isoenzymes: one was specific for NADH and the other for NADPH. Activity staining after gel electrophoresis indicated that one component in NADH-GDH was not specific for the cofactor and three components in NADPH-GDH. The optimal concentration of substrate, purification procedure and kinetic properties of both glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzymes in vitro are presented. The kinetics of growth, nutrient removal and enzyme activities for Oocystis growing in wastewater showed that ammonia was preferentially utilized over nitrate and the medium was depleted before the maximum population was obtained in indoor culture. There was a sharp increase in NADPH-GDH activity following the exhaustion of ammonia from the medium but NADH-GDH activity remained unchanged. The NADPH-GDH activity at the outset increased exponentially with time in greenhouse culture but then decreased sharply accompained by a rapid increase in biomass and nitrite concentration. The Km values for ammonia in this algal GDH was high, while glutamate synthase activity was not detected; this suggests that Oocystis may adapt to conditions of ammonia limitation by producing large quantities of NADPH-GDH instead of using glutamate synthase pathway.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260250710
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of steroids by mixed cultures (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 11 (1969), S. 1255-1270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Some results of our studios on transformation of steroids by mixed culture fermentation are presented in this paper. Arthrobacter simplex was paired in turn with each of the following: Streptomyces roseochromogenes, Curvularia lunata, Absidia coerulea, and Aspergillus ochraceus. The steroid substrates examined for multiple transformation were 16α-hydroxy-cortexolone, 16α-hydroxy-cortexolone 16,17-acetonide, 9α-fluorohydrocortisone, 9α-fluorohydrocortisone 21-acetate, and 9α-fluorohydrocortisone 21-hemisuccinate. The effects of media, steroid substrate, and microbial interaction in a mixed culture on the induction and repression of steroid transforming enzymes were unique to each case studied. The reaction mechanism of the multiple steroid transformation was also found to vary from one mixed culture system to another. Two different reaction mechanisms were observed, namely, consecutive and parallel. In the former, one of the two enzymatic reactions always preceded the other, while in the latter, two different enzyme reactions occurred simultaneously, thereby giving rise to two different intermediates. Multiple transformation of steroids by a single step mixed culture fermentation has potential economic advantages.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260110619
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry and fast-atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry of some monosaccharide oximes (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 4 (1990), S. 432-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The oximes of monosaccharides have not been well characterized by mass spectrometry. Conventional electron ionization (EI) experiments have supported the structures of these compounds but the data produced are usually equivocal (Finch and Merchant, JCS Perkin 1, 1682 (1975)). The application of fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry to monosaccharide oximes gives molecular weight information. However, little fragmentation is observed and it is not possible to distinguish between stereoisomers. Using fast-atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry experiments, we have produced daughter-ion spectra which are sufficiently different to enable us to distinguish between the stereoisomers of the oximes of monosaccharides.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290041019
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface kinetic aspects of Si incorporation in molecular beam epitaxial growth of GaAs (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 14 (1989), S. 619-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The incorporation and amphoteric behavior of Si impurities in Si-doped (100) oriented molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) GaAs layers grown under different As4/Ga flux ratios but with a fixed Si flux have been studied using Hall effect measurements, photothermal ionization spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The Si donor concentration increases substantially with increasing As4/Ga flux ratio, while the Si acceptor concentration remains less than ∼ 1013 cm-3, regardless of the variation of As4/Ga flux ratio. The observed increase of carrier concentration with increasing V/III ratio is not due to a change of site preference of Si impurities from Ga to As sublattice sites as previously supposed, but is due to the increase in incorporation of Si donor. This result can be explained by the kinetic effects associated with surface reaction processes involved in Si impurity incorporation. From these results it is clear that the sticking coefficient of Si is less than unity, and varies with the growth conditions.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740141010
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The physical origin of the low solubility of nonpolar solutes in water (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 24 (1985), S. 813-823 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Elementary but general statistical-mechanical relations are derived that relate the thermodynamic properties of the dissolution process to those of the pure solvent. A number of conclusions are drawn from qualitative arguments that these relations suggest. These include the following: (1) The low solubility of nonpolar solutes in water arises not from the fact that water molecules can form hydrogen bonds, but rather from the fact that they are small in size. (2) The large entropy decrease attending the transfer of an inert solute from a nonaqueous solvent to water is largely due to the decrease in entropy of the nonaqueous solvent as the solvent-solvent interaction is restored on removal of the solute from it. (3) It is improper to use values of thermodynamic quantities obtained from small-molecule transfer studies for those that involve macromolecular folding and interaction.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360240507
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conjugated polymeric SCHIFF'S bases. Thermally stable polymers with low electrical resistivity (1962)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 56 (1962), S. 195-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Durch Kondensation von Dialdehyden mit konjugierten Doppelbindungen (Glyoxal, Terephthalaldehyd) mit ebenfalls konjugierte Doppelbindungen enthaltenden Diaminen (Phenylendiamin, Diaminophenol) wurden polymere SCHIFFsche Basen hergestellt. Aus wäßrigen Systemen wurden gefärbte Polymere mit niederem Molekulargewicht erhalten, während bei der Kondensation in verdünnter Dimethylsulfoxyd-Lösung schwarze Polymere hohen Molekulargewichts entstehen. Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit dieser Polymeren bei Raumtemperatur liegt in der Größenordnung von 10-7 bis 10-11 Ohm-1·cm-1. Spektroskopische, Elektronenspinresonanz- und Leitfähigkeitsmessungen deuten darauf hin, daß sowohl durch die —CH=N-Bindung als auch über die Metastellung des aromatischen Kerns eine bedeutende Elektronendelokalisierung stattfindet. Die Produkte mit hohem Molekulargewicht zeigen bemerkenswerte thermische Stabilität.
    Notes: Polymeric SCHIFF's bases have been obtained by the condensation of conjugated dialdehydes, such as glyoxal and terephthalaldehyde, with conjugated diamines such as phenylenediamine or diamino phenol. Low molecular weight coloured polymers are obtained from aqueous systems, while high molecular weight black polymers are obtained by dilute solution condensation in dimethyl sulphoxide. The electrical conductivities of these polymers at room temperature range from 10-7 to 10-11ohm-1cm-1. Spectroscopic, electron spin resonance and conductivity measurements all suggest that there is considerable electron delocalisation both through the —CH=N-linkage and accross the meta positions of the aromatic nucleus. The high molecular weight compounds exhibit remarkable thermal stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1962.020560115
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kunststoffe im Automobilbau mit Fachtagung Textilien und Oberflächenmaterialien (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 385-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19980290711
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solvent reorganization contribution to the transfer thermodynamics of small nonpolar molecules (1991)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 31 (1991), S. 993-1008 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The experimental thermodynamic data for the dissolution of five simple hydrocarbon molecules in water were combined with the solute-solvent interaction energy from a computer simulation study to yield data on the enthalpy change of solvent reorganization. Similar data were generated for dissolving these same solute molecules in their respective neat solvents using the equilibrium vapor pressure and the heat of vaporization data for the pure liquid. The enthalpy and the free energy changes upon cavity formation were also estimated using the temperature dependence of the solute-solvent interaction energy. Both the enthalpy and TΔS for cavity formation rapidly increase with temperature in both solvent types, and the free energy of cavity formation can be reproduced accurately by the scaled particle theory over the entire temperature range in all cases. These results indicate that the characteristic structure formation around an inert solute molecule in water produces compensating changes in enthalpy and entropy, and that the hydrophobicity arises mainly from the difference in the excluded volume effect.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360310809
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