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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 15 (1975), S. 213-218 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The general properties of a novel process for producing high modulus polyolefins are discussed. The technique is an extrusion drawing involving a crystal-crystal transformation. The principal tests have been made on polyethylene and the guidelines have been established for extending the technique to other polyolefins. The characterization of such materials is extensively discussed, particularly in the light of the concept of continuous crystals.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 687-697 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A novel technique for settling microorganisms has been described. The technique involves adding a dense, inert powder to a suspension of microorganisms under conditions where flocculation of the microorganism with the inert poweder occurs. The flocs formed are small and relatively dense and settle rapidly. Suspensions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast have been flocculated with several different inert seed materials achieving rapid settling and separations of up to 99.9%. Nickel powder was used as a seed material for most experiments described here, and iron sand showed promise as a cheaper seed for large-scale use. The degree of flocculation and cell separation obtained depended largely on the seed concentration and the components in solution. Temperature and pH had little effect. When the method was initially applied to a practical fermentation, flocculation was poor because of inhibiting compounds in the fermentation medium, but modification of the technique produced good flocculation in the medium.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 699-711 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A new technique is outlined for the rapid settling of yeast cells in fermentation media. The technique involved the addition of dense, inert particles (nickel powder) to a yeast suspension (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at pH 4.5 and a rapid change of pH to 8.0-9.0. When the pH was changed large flocs formed immediately and settled rapidly, leaving a clear supernatant. On returning the pH to 4.5 the flocs were destroyed. This technique gave larger flocs and higher settling rates than the constant pH method, and much lower nickel/yeast ratios were required. Good flocculation also occurred in a fermentation medium. The technique was used to recycle yeast cells to a semicontinuous ethanol fermentation. Application of the technique to this and similar systems is discussed. The factors affecting yeast/inert powder flocculation are also discussed and a model is proposed to explain the observed experimental behavior for flocculation with a rapid change in pH.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 16 (1974), S. 1227-1243 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An intracellular, thermostable, neutral α-galactosidase (α-D-galactoside galactohydrolase EC 3.2.1.32) was produced in pilot plant quantities from a strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The organism was cultured at 50°C in a soluble neutral medium containing water extract of soybean meal (3%) and 0.5% yeast extract. The enzyme biosynthesis was inducible and sensitive to catabolite repression. After autolysis of the cells, the α-galactosidase was selectively and quantitatively complexed from clarified beer directly onto DEAE Sephadex; and enzyme-rich fractions were batchwise eluted with an increasing gradient of NaCl solutions. The eluates were given two consecutive isopropyl alcohol precipitations, and the aqueous solutions of the second precipitate were dialyzed and lyophilized. Final product activity recovery was 72% based on the crude fermentation beer. Best specific activity was 5.2 u/mg protein. Further laboratory purification (DEAE Sephadex and Bio-Gel P200) yielded a product with 14.2 u/mg protein.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 25 (1979), S. 583-591 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The present research concerns mechanism and rate of reaction between dissolved ozone and phenol in homogeneous solutions. The stopped-flow technique was employed to obtain absorbances during reactions; the kinetic experiments were conducted at temperatures varying from 5° to 35°C in aqueous solutions with pH values ranging from 1.5 to 5.2.The kinetic data indicated that the absorbance of a mixed solution increased rapidly in the very early portion of the reaction and then declined slowly in the remaining period. The rate of reaction in the early period was first order with respect to both phenol and ozone concentrations. The rate constant increased with pH value and temperature, and an activation energy of 5.74 K cal/mole was obtained. Further tests showed that the dissolved ozone was consumed completely in the first period and that in the second period the intermediate products were decomposed without depletion of ozone. Catechol, o-quinone, hydroquinone, oxalic acid, humic acid, and a dimer were identified from mass spectra as products of the ozonization reaction.A free radical mechanism, with initiation of an electrophilic reaction for the formation of catechyl radical, has been proposed to explain the experimental data for phenol-ozone reaction in aqueous solutions. According to the proposed mechanism, the reaction path through the attachment to ortho position is much more favorable compared with that through the paraposition because of geometric advantage, though quinones and hydroxyphenol can be formed through parallel paths. The products of reaction detected in this research, therefore, are accountable by this mechanism. A rate equation derived on the basis of this mechanism also agrees well with that observed from the kinetic experiments.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 162 (1972), S. 19-30 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Es wurde gezeigt, daß sich in Hochdruck-Polyäthylen in der Nähe der Schmelztemperatur und unter bestimmten Bedingungen in bezug auf Orientierung und Druck, wie sie im Instron-Extrusions-Kapillar-Rheometer vorliegen, ungewöhnliche morphologische Strukturen ausbilden. Die bemerkenswert hohe optische Transparenz und die Spannungsmoduln der in diesen Fäden vorliegenden morphologischen Gebilde waren Gegenstände der Untersuchungen. Einzelheiten des Kristallisationsverfahrens werden beschrieben. Die morphologischen Strukturen, die sich bei dem „Instron-Verfahren“ herausbilden, wurden mit Hilfe von röntgenographischen, kalorimetrischen, mikroskopischen und mechanischen Messungen untersucht. Die transparenten Fasern setzen sich aus einer großen Zahl von Mikrofibrillen, die einen hohen kristallinen Orientierungsgrad parallel zur Kapillarachse bestizen, zusammen. Elektronenbeugung und kalorimetrische Untersuchungen zeigen, daß ein Teil der Fasern einen ungewöhnlich hohen Ordnungsgrad besitzt. Es werden Strukturmodelle für die Fasern vorgeschlagen.
    Notizen: Unusual morphologies have been shown to be produced in high density polyethylene near its melting point and under selective conditions of orientation and pressure existing in an Instron capillary extrusion rheometer. Points of study involve the remarkably high optical clarity and tensile moduli for the morphologies produced in these filaments. Details of the crystallization procedure are provided. The morphologies resulting from the Instron procedure have been analyzed by several different techniques. X-ray, calorimetry, microscopy and modulus data are discussed. The transparent filaments are composed of a large number of microfibers having a high degree of crystalline orientation parallel to the capillary axis. Electron diffraction and calorimetric studies indicate that a portion of the strands have an unusually high degree of order. Structural models for the strands are also proposed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A series of high-molecular-weight amorphous and semicrystalline poly(aryl ether bisketone)s were prepared from bisphenols and 3,4′-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)biphenyl via nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Model compound studies were carried out with several substituted monohydric phenols, 3,4′-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)biphenyl and 3,4′-bis(4-Chlorobenzoyl)biphenyl. The dihalo-substituted aromatic ketones were synthesized by the reaction of 3,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid with thionyl chloride, followed by Friedel-Crafts acylation with the appropriate aryl halide. The required dicarboxylic acid was prepared starting from 4-bromotoluene and 3-methylcyclohexanone. Potassium carbonate mediated reaction of the monomers in dimethylacetamide or diphenyl sulfone gave high-molecular-weight polymers in excellent yield. The glass transition temperatures of the polymers are in the 170 to 190°C range. In addition, the polymers exhibit excellent thermal stability, as evidenced by both dynamic and isothermal thermogravimetric analysis, and afford tough films by compression molding.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 3 (1989), S. 169-174 
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Schlagwort(e): Diabetes ; albuminuria ; chemiluminescent immunoassay ; acridinium ester ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A simple chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) for urinary albumin has been developed based on the use of a chemiluminescent acridinium ester-labelled human albumin and a commercially available antiserum. It includes two incubation steps and a second polyethylene glycol-assisted antibody separation. The sensitivity of detection is 0.016 mg/l, the assay working range is 0.1-5 mg/l, and the inter-assay CVs are ≤ 15%. Using 10- and 50-fold sample dilutions in assay buffer, a wide working range (1-250 mg/l) is obtained covering normal and pathological conditions. Timed overnight urine samples (bed rest conditions) were collected on three consecutive days for each patient. Albumin excretion rate (AER) was 4.7 ± 2.7 μg/min (x ± SD), range 1-15.9 μg/min in 36 healthy subjects (17♂, 19♀, ages 4-56 years), with day-to-day variations of 28.5 ± 20% (x ± SD), range 3.3-76.1%. The use of an acridinium ester as a chemiluminescent (CL) label overcomes the disadvantages of short shelf-life and health and safety hazards associated with radioisotopes. Results compare favourably with those obtained using a commercially available RIA kit.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 4 (1989), S. 611-614 
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Schlagwort(e): Chemiluminescence immunoassay ; acridinium ester ; free T4 ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Chemiluminescence immunoassays have now achieved a recognized place in the diagnostic laboratory. The advantages of this non-isotopic technology derive from the use of acridinium esters which can be used to label antigens and antibodies to high specific activities, as well as from optimized immunochemistry. The availability of simple, reliable instrumentation for chemiluminescence measurement together with a range of assay kits offers a logical alternative to traditional radioimmunoassay.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 2 (1988), S. 121-128 
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Schlagwort(e): Chemiluminescence ; acridinium ester ; surfactants ; proteins ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In order to establish optimum conditions for the chemiluminescent (CL) reaction of two acridinium ester labelled proteins (human albumin and rabbit anti-human albumin IgG), we investigated the effects of the following factors known to influence the CL emission: pH, presence of proteins, relative concentrations of components of CL reaction and presence of surfactants. Under optimal conditions of pH and hydrogen peroxide concentration, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) increased the intensity of the CL reaction of the acridinium ester labelled albumin by 42-fold. Triton X-100, Tween-20, 23 lauryl ether (Brij 35) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) exerted a much smaller effect. In the case of the acridinium ester labelled antibody, the greatest increase was obtained with Triton X-100 (15-fold) followed by CTAC, Brij 35 and Tween 20 (SDS decreased the emission intensity).
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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