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  • Chemistry  (10)
  • Enologus oxypygum  (2)
  • heterochromatin  (2)
  • 119Sn Mössbauer spectra  (1)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: chromosomes ; diplopoda ; Enologus oxypygum ; FISH ; heterochromatin ; invertebrate ; rDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the present study, somatic metaphase chromosomes of the millipede Enologus oxypygum (Diplopoda: Julida) were hybridized in situ with a sea urchin (Echinodermata) ribosomal probe (prRl4) in order to map major RNA genes (rDNA). Chromosomal preparations were also silver stained (Ag-NOR) to evaluate the rDNA transcriptional activity. Our results indicate that RNA genes are throughout heterochromatin in eight chromosomes involving 1/4 of the total heterochromatin which, in this species, is about 67% of the total DNA. Ag-NOR and FISH patterns were not coincident.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: Acanthopetalum sicanum ; chromosome banding ; Diplopoda ; Enologus oxypygum ; heterochromatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract For the first time, a conventional analysis of C-banded karyotypes was carried out in two distantly related diplopod species; this revealed an impressive percentage of heterochromatin in both genomes. In Acanthopetalum sicanum (Order Callipodida) (2n = 12), heterochromatin constitutes about 60% of the total DNA in females and 56% in males, whereas in Enologus oxypygum (Order Julida) (2n = 22) it is about 67% in both sexes. Heterochromatin of the two species was found to be similar in base composition (AT rich) and heterochromatin distribution, indicating that it has accumulated in a species-specific manner. Sex-determining mechanisms of the XY type were detected in both A. sicanum and E. oxypygum. In A. sicanum, the Y presented the lowest heterochromatic content of all chromosomes in the karyotype, whereas the X presented the highest.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 409 (1974), S. 248-256 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Komplexe des Zinn (IV) mit dreizähigen Liganden. Mössbauer- und IR-Spektren sowie Untersuchungen von LösungenDie Struktur von SnIV-Komplexen mit dreizähnigen “planaren” Liganden, Sn(trid)2 und HNEt3Cl2Sntrid, wurde in fester Phase und in Lösung untersucht mit Hilfe von IR- und MÖSSBAUER-Spektroskopie (für den festen Zustand) sowie osmometrisch, mit Leitfähigkeitsmessungen, UV-VIS- und NMR-Spektroskopie. Danach wird das Vorliegen von monomerem Sn(trid)2 und ionischem [HKEt3]+[Cl3Sntrid]- angenommen. Bei beiden Arten von Verbindungen liegt vermutlich oktaedrische Konfiguration vor.
    Notes: The configuration in the solid state and in solution phase of complexes of SuIV wit,li tridentate “planar” ligands, Sn(trid)2 and HNEt3Cl3 Sntrid, have been investigated by infrared and MÖSSBAUER spectroscopy, as well as by osmometry, conductivity, and electronic and PMR spectroscopy. The presence of monomeric Sn(trid)2 and ionic [HNEt+3] [Cl3Sn trid-] species has been inferred. Octahedral type configurations are advanced for both classes of compounds.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Complexes R2SnL (R = CH3, C6H5; L2- = tridentate ONO and SNO ligands) are synthesized, and their configuration is investigated by vibrational, PMR and electronic spectroscopy.The ligands H2L are: 2-pentanone-4-(2-benzothiazolinyl), (prepared for the first time); 3-(o-hydroxyphenylamino)crotonophenone; 2-(o-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazoline; 2,2′methylidynenitrilo diphenol. Their configuration at the solid state is discussed. The ligands seem to coordinate the tin (IV) atoms as planar tridentates, in the dianion Schiff base form.The R2SnIV moieties very probably assume a bent configuration in R2SnL. Hypotheses on the structure of R2SnL are then advanced: the possible occurrence of a quasi trigonal bipyramidal geometry, where the two carbon (R) atoms and the azomethine nitrogen atom are allocated in the trigonal plane and the O, O or S, O ligand atoms lie in axial position, is discussed.
    Notes: Komplexverbindungen vom Typ R2SnL (R = CH3, C6H5; L ist ein dreizähniger ONO- oder SNO-Ligand) werden dargestellt und ihre IR-, KMR- und elektronischen Spektren untersucht, um die Strukturen zu klären.Als Liganden (LH2) werden benutzt: 4-(2-Benzothiazolinyl)-pentan-2-on, (hier zum ersten Mal dargestellt); 3-(o-Hydroxyphenylamino)crotonophenon; 2-(o-Hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazolin; und N-o-Hydroxybenzyliden-o′-hydroxyanilin.Im festem Zustand umgeben die organischen Liganden L2- das Zinn(IV)-Atom als ebene dreizähnige Liganden. Die R2SnIV-Reste sind wahrscheinlich nicht linear. Eine mögliche Anordnung der Liganden ist eine trigonale Bipyramide, in der die zwei R-Reste und das Stickstoffatom in der trigonalen Ebene und die zwei Sauerstoffatome bzw. das Sauerstoff- und das Schwefelatom in den zwei anderen Positionen auf beiden Seiten der Ebene liegen.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal and Molecular Structure of (C6H5)2SnSAT, (SAT = Tridentatte Dianion from 2-(o-Hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazoline)(C6H5)2SnSAT, C25H19NOSSn (SAT = tridendate dianion of SCHIFT base form, derived from 2-(o-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazoline), crystallizes in the space group P21/n(C2h5) with a = 9.65(1), b = 16.08(1), c = 13.83(1) Å, β = 94.95(10)° Z = 4. The crystal and molecular structure has been solved using 3150 symmetrical independent reflections and applying the heavy atom method; the position of all atoms, except the H atoms has been determined. As interatomic distances have been found: Sn—S: 2.496(1) Å, Sn—O: 2.093(2) Å, Sn—N: 2.217(3) Å, Sn—C 1 (phenyl group I): 2.120(3) Å, Sn—C 7 (phenyl group II): 2.126(3) Å, O—C: 1.324(4) Å, C 19-N (Schief base bridging group): 1.287(5) Å, C 19-C: 1.448(5) Å, N—C: 1.419(5) Å, mean C—C distances in the two phenyl groups at Sn: 1.391(6) Å. The coordination polyhedron around Sn has essentially trigonal bipyramidal structure, which however is heavily distorted; N and the two Sn-phenylgroups occupy the equatorial positions.
    Notes: (C6H5)2SnSAT, C25H19NOSSn (SAT = dreizähniges Dianion mit Schiffscher Base-Struktur, abgeleitet von 2-(o-Hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazolin), kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe P21/n (C2h5) mit a = 9,65(1), b = 16,08(1), c = 13,83(1) Å, β = 94,95(10)° und Z = 4. Die Kristall- und Molekülstruktur wurde an Hand von 3150 symmetrisch unabhängigen Reflexen nach der Schweratommethode bestimmt und die Atomlagen bis auf die der Wasserstoffatome ermittelt. Für die interatomaren Abstände im Molekül wurden gefunden: Sn—S: 2,496(1) Å, Sn—O: 2.093(2) Å, Sn—N: 2,217(3) Å, Sn—C 1 (Phenylrest I): 2,120(3) Å, Sn—C 7 (Phenylrest II): 2,126(3) Å, O—C: 1,324(4) Å, C 19-N (Brückenglied der Schiffschen Base): 1,287(5) Å, C 19-C: 1,448(5) Å, N—C: 1,419(5) Å, Mittelwert der C—C-Abstände der beiden Phenylreste an Sn: 1,391(6) Å. Das Koordinationspolyeder um das Sn-Atom hat die Grundstruktur einer trigonalen Bipyramide, die jedoch erheblich verzerrt ist; N und die beiden Phenylgruppen am Sn liegen äquatorial.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 410 (1974), S. 88-96 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal and Molecular Structure of (CH3)2SnSAB. (SAB = Dianion of 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-aniline)(CH3)2SnSAB, C15H15NO2Sn (SAB = tridentate dianion of 2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-aniline in SCHIFF base form) crystallizes in the space group Pben (D2h14) with a = 19.271(5), b = 10.508(2), c = 13.379(1) Å and Z = 8. The structure has been solved using 1307 symmetrical independent reflections and applying the heavy atom method; the position of all atoms, except the H atoms, has been determined. As interatomic distances have been found: Sn—C(CH)3: 2.117(14), Sn—O:2.112(9), Sn—N:2.229(11) N—C 10 (phenyl group II): 1.462(16), C9-N (SCHIFF base bridging group): 1.257(18), C 9—C8 (phenyl group I): 1.441(18) Å; mean C—C distances in the phenyl groups: 1.403(18) Å. Two molecules at a time have a centre of symmetry and weakly coordinate through two loose Sn—O bridges (intermolecular Sn—O distance: 2.881(8) Å). The individual molecules essentially form a distorted trigonal bipyramid with N and both methyl-C atoms in the equatorial plane;  CSnC = 138.52(50)°;  OSnO = 158.58(35)°.
    Notes: (CH3)2SnSAB, C15H15NO2Sn (SAB = dreizähniges Dianion von 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxybenziliden)-anilin mit SCHIFFscher Base-Struktur) kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe Pbcn (D2h14) mit a = 19,271(5), b = 10,508(2), c = 13,379(1) Å und Z = 8. Die Struktur wurde anhand von 1307 symmetrisch unabhängigen Reflexen nach der Schweratommethode bestimmt und die Atomlagen bis auf die der Wasserstoffatome ermittelt. Für die interatomaren Abstände in der Molekel wurden gefunden: Sn—C(CH)3: 2,117(14), Sn—O: 2,112(9), Sn—N: 2,229(11), N—C 10 (Phenylring II): 1,462(16), C 9-N (Brückenglied der SCHIFFschen Base): 1,257(18), C9-C8 (Phenyling I): 1,441(18) Å; Mittelwerte der C—C-Abstände in den Phenylringen: 1,403(18) Å. Jeweils zwei Molekeln, die durch ein Symmetriezentrum miteinander verknüpft sind, stehen über zwei lockeren Sn—O-Brücken (intermolekularer Sn—O-Abstand: 2,881(8) Å) in schwacher koordinativer Wechselbeziehung. Die Einzelmolekeln haben die Grundstruktur einer verzerrten trigonalen Bipyramide mit N und den beiden Methyl-C-Atomen in der Äquatorialebene;  CSnC = 138,52(50)°;  OSnO = 158,58(35)°.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 423 (1976), S. 75-82 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystsl and Molecular Structure of (C6H5)SnSAB (SAB = Dianion of 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-aniline)(C6H5),SnSAB, C25H19NO2Sn, (SAB = tridentate dianion of 2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-aniline in Schife base (form) crystallizes in the space group Peab (D2h15) with a = 11.095(2), b = 24.487(4), c = 14.993(3) Å and Z = 8. The structure has been solved using 1553 symmetrical independent reflections and applying the heavy atom method; the position of all atoms, except the H atoms has been determined. As interatomic distances have been found: Sn—C(C6H5):2.125, Sn—0: 2.085(8) resp. 2.103(8) Å; mean (C—C distances in the: phenyl groups a) at Sn: 1.400 b) in the ligand SAB: 1.397. The atoms N and especially C of the Schiff base bridging group C=N are disordered. The coordination polyhedron around Sn essentially forms a distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure with N and the C(C6H5) atoms bonded to Sn in the equatorial plane; CSnC = 121.4(4)°; OSnO = 159.5(3)°. No intermolecular Sn—0 bridges exist like in (CH3)2SnSAB.
    Notes: (C6H5)2SnSAB, C25H19NO2Sn, (SAB = dreizähniges Dianion von 2-Hpdroxy-N-(2-hydroxybcnzyliden)-anilin mit Schiffscher Base-Struktur kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe Peab (D2h15) mit a = 1.1,095(2), b = 24,487(4), c = l4,993(3) Å und Z = 8. Die Struktur wurde anhand von 1553 symmetrisch unabhängigen Reflexen nach der Schwerutommethode bestimmt und die Atomlagen bis auf die der H-Atome ermittelt. Für die interatomaren Abstände in der Molekel wurden gefunden: Sn—C(c6H5): 2.125, Sn—0: 2,085(8) bzw. 2,103(8) Å. Mittelwerte der C—C-Abstände in den Phenylringen a) an Sn: 1,400; b) im Liganden SAB: 1,397 Å. Für N und insbesondere für C im C=N-Brückenglied der Schiffschen Base liegt Fehlordnung vor. Das Koordinationationspolyeder um das Sn-Atom hat die Grundstruktur einer verzerrten trigonalen Bipyramide mit N und den Verknüpfungs-C-Atomen der Phenylgruppen in der Äquatorialebene; CSnC = 121,4(4)°; OSnO = 159,5(3)°. Im Gegensatz zu (CH3)2SnSAB liegen keine intermolekularen Sn—0. Brücken vor.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 432 (1977), S. 51-57 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation, Crystal and Molecular Structure of Diphenyltin Glycylglycinate, (C6H5)2SnC4H6N2O3The title compound has been prepared from (C6H5)2SnO and Glycylglycine (H2GlyGly) in methanol. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P212121 with a = 9.860(5), b = 11.787(8), c = 13.962(2) Å and Z = 4. The crystal structure has been determined from 1 109 independent reflections by Patterson and Fourier syntheses, and has been refined by least squares methods to R = 0.033. The (C6H5)2SnGlyGly molecules essentially form a heavily distorted trigonal bipyramid with peptide-N and the phenyl C-atoms bonded to Sn occupying the equatorial positions. The tridentate GlyGly ligand is practically planar coordinating through one carboxylate-O, peptide-N and amine-N. The single molecules are bridged by H-bonds between amine-N and carbonyl-O of the peptide-group and also carboxylate-O (not bonded to Sn). Important intramolecular bond distances and angles: see above.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindung wurde durch Umsetzung von (C6H5)2SnO mit Glycylglycin (H2GlyGly) in Methanol dargestellt. Sie kristallisiert orthorhombisch in der Raumgruppe P212121 mit a = 9,860(5), b = 11,787(8), c = 13,962(2) Å und Z = 4. Die Kristallstruktur wurde anhand von 1 109 unabhängigen Reflexen mittels Patterson- und Fourier-Synthesen bestimmt und nach der Kleinste-Quadrate-Methode bis zu einem R-Wert von 0,033 verfeinert. Die (C6H5)2SnGlyGly-Molekeln besitzen die Grundstruktur einer stark verzerrten trigonalen Bipyramide; Peptid-N und die beiden an Sn gebundenen Phenyl-C-Atome liegen äquatorial. Der dreizähnige GlyGly-Ligand ist praktisch planar und koordiniert über ein Carboxylat-O, sowie Peptid-N und Amin-N. Die Einzelmolekel sind über H-Brücken zwischen Amin-N und Carbonyl-O der Peptidgruppierung, sowie Carboxylat-O (nicht an Sn gebunden) verknüpft. Wichtige intramolekulare Abstände und Winkel: Sn—O: 2,157(8); Sn—N (Peptid): 2,082(8); Sn—N (Amin): 2,273(9); Sn—C: 2,113(9) (Mittelwert); C—N (Peptidgruppe): 1,330(13); C—N (Amin): 1,457(15) bzw. 1,499(14); C—Sn—C: 117,54(30); N—Sn—N 77,57(32); N(Peptid)—Sn—O: 75,71(31); C—Sn—N(Peptid): 121,1(3) (Mittelwert); C—N(Peptid)—C 119,47(91).
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 387 (1972), S. 126-133 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Darstellung neuer Komplexverbindungen: R2PbL (R = CH3, C2H5, C6H5; L-2 sind zweiwertige Anionen, in der „planaren“ SCHIFFSCHEN Basen-Konfiguration, der vierzähnigen ONNO-Liganden Disalicylal-äthylendiamin und Glyoxal-bis-[2-hydrocyanil).In festem Zustand wurden die Strukturen durch IR-Spektren und in Lösung durch 1HMR-und Elektronenspektren untersucht, und es wird eine oktaedrische Struktur mit einem linearen R2Pb-Rest und den ONNO-Atomen mit einer vierzähligen planaren Anordnung um das Blei-(IV)-Atom vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: New complexes R2PbL, where L2- are the dianions in the “planar” SCHIFF base form, of the tetradentate ONNO ligands α, α′ (ethylenedinitrilo)dicresol and 2,2′ bis-benzoxazoline, were synthesized. Their configuration was investigated at the solid state by infrared spectroscopy, and in solution phase mainly by electronic and PMR spectroscopy. An octahedral type structure with linear CPbC moieties, and the ONNO ligand atoms chelating PbIV in a square plane, was advanced.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Infrarot- und MÖSSBAUER-spektroskopische Untersuchungen an Komplexen von Hal2SnIV mit dreizähnigen LigandenNeue Komplexverbindungen von Typ hal2Sntrid werden dargestellt (hal = Cl, Br, und trid2- = ebene, dreizähnige Liganden mit ONO- und SNO-Atomen, als zweiwertige Anionen). In festem Zustand wurden die Strukturen durch IR- und MÖSSBAUER-Spektren untersucht. Mögliche Anordnungen der Liganden um das Zinn(IV)-Atom werden vorgeschlagen und diskutiert.Wahrscheinlich sind alle diese Verbindungen monomer mit einer trigonal-bipyramidalen Struktur; aber es können polymere oder dimere Anordnungen mit O- oder Cl-Brücken, besonders bei Br2Sntrid, nicht völlig ausgeschlossen werden.
    Notes: Novel complexes hal2Sntrid, where hal = Cl, Br, and trid2- are dianions of „planar“ tridentate ligands with ONO and SNO donor basic atoms, were synthesized and structurally investigated in the solid state mainly by far infrared and MÖSSBAUER spectroscopy. Possible configurations were advanced and discussed, and it was concluded that the most probable is a monomeric trigonal bipyramidal structure for all compounds, although polymers, or dimers with O or Cl bridges, were not a priori excluded, in a special way for Br2Sntrid.
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