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  • Chemistry  (43)
  • Man/System Technology and Life Support  (7)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Inorganica Chimica Acta 226 (1994), S. 293-340 
    ISSN: 0020-1693
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Electrochemistry ; Electron transfer ; Metalloproteins ; Redox reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 36 (1990), S. 473-477 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Absract.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 28 (1977), S. 536-543 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Korrosinsbeständigkeit und mechanische Eigenschaften von nickelhaltigen ferritischen stählenZusatz von nickel zu ferritischen Stählen mit 25-28% Cr und 2-4% Mo verbessert die Schlagzähigkeit, vor allem bei Ni-Gehalten oberhalb 2%. Die Wirkung des Nickels nimmt bis zur untersuchten Obergrenze (4%) zu. Niobstabilisierte Stähle haben niedrigere Übergangstemperaturen als entsprechende titanstabilisierte. Stähle mit 4% Nickel müssen bei 1050°C angelassen werden, um Bildung intermetallischer Verbindungen zu vermeiden. Ferner wurde beobachte, dß Nickel die obere Schwellenenergie bei der Kerbschlagprüfung nach Charpy verringert und den scharfen Überzug zäh/spröd aus schalter. Ein deutlicher Einfluß des Nickels auf das Lochkorrosionspotential wurde nicht festgestellt; die Stähle in der Reihe 25 Cr-3,5 Mo-Ni--Ti hatten jedoch durchweg edlere Lochkorrosionspotentiale und besser Spaltkorrosionsbeständigkeit als die Stähle mit 28Cr und 2Mo (Ni Ti) Die Spaltkorrosionsbeständigkeit wird durch 1 order 2% Nickel verbessert, während höhere Gehalte ungünstig zu sein scheinen. Die kritische Passivierungsstromdichte in 1 n Schwefel-und Salzsäure wird durch Nickel stark verringert, weshalb die Beständigkeit dann erhöht ist. Durch 1% Nickel werden die angelassenen Stähle anfällig für Spannungsrißkorrosion in Magnesiumchloridlösung bei 140°C, während geschweißte Stähle mit 4% Nickel in siedender 25%tiger Natriumchloridlösung bei pH l Keine Rißbildung aufweisen.
    Notes: Additions of nickel to ferritic steels containing 25-28% Cr and 2-4% Mo increased the impact toguhness especially when more than 2% Ni was present. The effect of nickel content increased up to 4% Ni, the largest addition studied. Steels stabilized with niobium had lower transition temperatures then did corresponding steels stablizied with titanium. Steels containing 4% Ni required annealing at 1050 C to avoid intermetalic compounds. It was also noted that nickel reduced the upper shelf energy in the Charpy impact test and eliminated a sharp transition from ductile to brittle behaviour.No definite effect of nickel on pitting potential was pound but steels in the series 25Cr-3.5 Mo-Ni-Ti consistenly had more noble pitting potentials and greater resistance to crevice corrosion than the 28 Cr-2Mo-Ni-Ti steels. Nickel contents of 1 or 2% tended to improve crevice corrosion resistance while larger nickel contents were somewhat ditrimental. Nickel strongly reduced critical current densities for passivity both in l N H2SO4 and in l N HCL and yielded corresponding increases in resistance to corrosion by these acids. Although 1% Ni or more caused the annealed steels to be susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in MgCl2 boiling at 140 C, while the as-Welded steels containing 4% Ni did not crack in boiling 25% Nacl at pH 1.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 835-843 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: yeast ; aggregation ; separation ; lectin ; concanavalin A ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Specific aggregation and separation of microorganisms was investigated using yeasts and concanavalin A as a model system. Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were specifically aggregated and so separated from those of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Optimum aggregation with over 99% of cells aggregated was achieved by adjustment to pH value and applied agitation. Dimeric lectin structure caused a far higher degree of aggregation than did tetrameric. Degree of aggregation was also strongly influenced by the ratio of lectin/cell concentrations, optimum aggregation occurring in the middle range of ratios. A high ratio of lectin to cells inhibited aggregation, occupation of most of the available receptors preventing intercellular bonding by divalent lectins. Detachment and reuse of concanavalin A was demonstrated using switching from moderate to low pH value. Potential uses for species-specific-separation of microorganisms are discussed. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: CHO cells ; serum-free medium ; adaptation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Using an adaptive strategy, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines were developed that are capable of robust growth in serum-free suspension culture. These preadapted derivatives of the commonly used strain of CHO cells (CHO DUKX), termed PA-DUKX, were used for the introduction and stable expression of several heterologous human genes. A significant advantage of recombinant PA-DUKX cells was their ability to readily resume growth in serum-free suspension culture after transfection and amplification of heterologous genes. Expression of recombinant human proteins in PA-DUKX cells was quantitatively similar to that of lineages generated using conventional CHO DUKX cells. In addition, recombinant human proteins expressed by transfected PA-DUKX lineages were shown to be biochemically and structurally similar to those expressed in CHO DUKX cells, PA-DUKX host cell technology provides an opportunity for reducing the time and resources required to develop large-scale, suspension culture-based manufacturing processes employing serum-free medium. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 11 (1967), S. 921-924 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A simple, inexpensive microtome was developed for sectioning polystyrene foam prepuff. The cell structure is well defined and wall thicknesses can be measured easily from photomicrographs prepared with the microtome.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Battery-powered, complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices have been used to develop a programmable function generator. When used in conjunction with commercially available, battery-powered potentiostats or electrometers and recording devices, the technique of field-based direct current stripping voltammetry becomes available. The instrumental performance of a range of modular, battery-powered instruments has been evaluated with conventional and microsized electrodes and compared with ac-powered laboratory instruments using conventionally sized electrodes. Stripping experiments with the field-based instrument and with microelectrodes can be carried out under linear potential sweep conditions because the limit of detection is similar to that obtained with transient techniques at conventional sized electrodes. Other simplifications to the instrumentation and voltammetric procedures that are valuable in field-based studies (e.g., neither stirring nor deoxygenation of the solutions is required) also are achieved by using microelectrodes and are illustrated by the determination of copper in a river water sample.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 42 (1960), S. 75-80 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The polyaminocarboxylic acids, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), methylethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (MeEDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), and cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CDTA) have been used to chelate the iron in the system ferrous iron-hydrogen peroxide when it is used as an initiator for the emulsion polymerization of styrene. In each case, the zero-order rate of polymerization decreased from pH 0.5, when it was identical to that in the absence of any chelating agent, to a minimum value in the pH region 3.5-6.5, after which it rose again. In acid solution the results are not the same as those anticipated from the redox potentials of the ferrous-ferric-chelating agent system at various pH values, and this has been found to be due to the dissociation of the iron chelate at a low pH.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 22 (1956), S. 181-183 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Electrochemistry ; oxidation ; carbonyl steroid chromium complexes ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electrochemical oxidation of α- and β-diastereomers of a range of steroid hormone receptor marker chromium tricarbonyl complexes, (steroid)Cr(CO)3, have been examined at platinum electrodes in dichloromethane. Data confirm the general nature of previously published conclusions on the oxidation of (arene)Cr(CO)3 complexes (arene = benzene or steroid). That is, with 0.1 M Bu4NPF6 as the electrolyte, and in the absence of nucleophiles, a reversible oneelectron process, (steroid)Cr(CO)3 ⇌ [(steroid)Cr(CO)3]+ + e-, is observed, followed by an irreversible one-electron process at considerably more positive potentials. The reversible half-wave potentials (approximately E°-values) calculated for the [(steroid)Cr(CO)3]+/(steroid)Cr(CO)3 redox couple are shown to be dependent on whether the α- or β-diastereomer is oxidized. Similarly the rate of nucleophilic attack on the 17-electron cation [(steroid)Cr(CO)3]+ by nucleophiles such as ClO4-, PPh3 and bis(diphenylphosphine)methane confirms a previous observation that the stereochemistry of this class of compound is important with respect to redox, kinetic and hormone receptor properties. The nature of the electrochemical data obtained on the (arene)Cr(CO)3 complexes in the presence of nucleophiles suggests that reactions associated with the nucleophilic attack on the 17-electron cations are complex and that a range of reaction pathways occur simultaneously. Electrochemical studies on the oxidation of (benzene)Cr(CO)2PPh3 and (oestradiol)Cr(CO)2PPh3 confirm some aspects of the proposed mechanisms, although it is clear that a great deal still has to be learned concerning mechanistic aspects of nucleophilic attack on these 17-electron complexes.
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