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  • 1
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    Experiment K-7-30: Effects of Spaceflight in the Cosmos Biosatellite 2044 on the Vestibular-Ocular Reflex (VOR) of Rhesus Monkeys (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: This technical paper discusses the following: (1) The VOR of two rhesus monkeys was studied before and after 14 days of spaceflight to determine effects of microgravity on the VOR. Horizontal, vertical and roll eye movements were recorded in these and six other monkeys implanted with scleral search coils. Animals were rotated about a vertical axis to determine the gain of the horizontal, vertical and roll VOR. They were rotated about axes tilted from the vertical (off-vertical axis rotation, OVAR) to determine steady state gains and effects of gravity on modulations in eye position and eye velocity. They were also tested for tilt dumping of post-rotatory nystagmus. (2) The gain of the horizontal VOR was close to unity when animals were tested 15 and 18 hours after flight. VOR gain values were similar to those registered before flight. If the gain of the horizontal VOR changes in microgravity, it must revert to normal soon after landing. (3) Steady state velocities of nystagmus induced by off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) were unchanged by adaptation to microgravity, and the phase of the modulations was similar before and after flight. However, modulations in horizontal eye velocity had more variation after landing and were on mean about 50% larger for angles of tilt of the axis of rotation between 50 and 90?/s after flight. This difference was similar in both animals and was significant. (4) A striking finding was that tilt dumping was lost in the one animal tested for this function. This loss persisted for several days after return. This is reminiscent of the loss of response to pitch while rotating in the M-131 experiments of Skylab, and must be studied in detail in future spaceflights. (5) Thus, two major findings emerged from these studies: after spaceflight the modulation of horizontal eye velocity was larger during OVAR, and one animal lost its ability to tilt-dump its nystagmus. Both findings are consistent with the postulate that adaptation to microgravity causes alterations in the way that otolith information is processed in the central nervous system. The experiments lay the groundwork for studying the vertical and roll VOR before and after future space flights, as well as for studying modulations in vertical and roll eye position during OVAR and tilt dumping.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: US Experiments Flown on the Soviet Biosatellite Cosmos 2044; 285-302; NASA-TM-108802
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wall effects in laminar flow of fluids through packed beds (1981)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 27 (1981), S. 705-715 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model which accounts for the effect of a confining wall and the resulting voidage variations near it on the flow behavior in packed columns is proposed.The model, which is restricted to columns randomly packed with spheres of uniform size, reasonably describes the pressure drop-flow rate relationship for both linear and non-Newtonian fluids. The mass flux distribution is also studied in order to provide an insight into processes in which the flow behavior near the wall may be important.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690270502
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mathematical model for a dissolving polymer (1995)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 41 (1995), S. 2345-2355 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In certain polymer-penetrant systems, nonlinear viscoelastic effects dominate those of Fickian diffusion. This behavior is often embodied in a memory integral incorporating nonlocal time effects into the dynamics; this integral can be derived from an augmented chemical potential. The mathematical framework presented is a moving boundary-value problem. The boundary separates the polymer into two distinct states: glassy and rubbery, where different physical processes dominate. The moving boundary condition that results is not solvable by similarity solutions, but can be solved by perturbation and integral equation techniques. Asymptotic solutions are obtained where sharp fronts move with constant speed. The resultant profiles are quite similar to experimental results in a dissolving polymer. It is then demonstrated that such a model has a limit on the allowable front speed and a self-regulating mass uptake.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690411102
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiant heat exchange in a gas-filled enclosure: Allowance for nonuniformity of gas temperature (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 3-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method is presented for predicting the effect of allowance for radiation exchange on the distribution of temperature and heat transfer within a furnace chamber. The system is divided into surface zones and gas zones, the number being dependent on the desired accuracy of the result. Direct-exchange factors are available for gas-gas, gas-surface, and surface-surface zone interchange. From these factors one can determine the net exchange factor for any zone pair, making due allowance for interaction with all other zones. The resultant factors are then fed into a set of energy balances, one on each zone, which by simultaneous solution permit a determination of the space distribution of gas and surface temperatures and the distribution of heat flux over the surfaces.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040103
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of waves in the concurrent flow of air and a liquid (1965)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 11 (1965), S. 138-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: If air flows concurrently with a liquid, there are critical air velocities above which two-dimensional and three-dimensional waves appear at the interface. The physical process responsible for these transitions is as follows: The disturbance in the velocity field in the air caused by these waves gives rise to pressure and shear stress variations over the wavy surface. Pressure variations in phase with the wave slope and shear stress variations in phase with the wave height transmit energy from the air flow to the liquid film. If the rate at which energy is transmitted to the waves by these mechanisms is not larger than the rate of viscous dissipation in the liquid, the waves will decay.The model of the gas flow proposed by Miles and Benjamin is used to calculate shear stress and pressure variations over the wavy surface. The agreement between predicted and measured critical air velocities, wave lengths, and wave velocities is good.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690110129
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Height of a liquid film in a horizontal concurrent gas-liquid flow (1966)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 12 (1966), S. 290-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Results of a study of the height of liquid films flowing concurrently with an air stream in a horizontal channel are presented. If three-dimensional waves exist at the interface, the dimensionless film height h+ = hu*/v, defined in terms of the friction velocity and the kinematic viscosity of the liquid, is primarily a function of the liquid Reynolds number.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690120215
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal control theory - an introduction, Donald E. Kirk, Prentice Hall, Inc., New York (1971), 452 poges. $13.50 (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 1018-1018 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No. Abstract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690170452
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the editor (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 525-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310336
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of polymer adsorption on particle settling in polymer solutions (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 695-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310422
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of the cluster-size distribution in flowing suspensions (1992)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 1129-1134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690380715
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