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  • Chemistry  (33)
  • General Chemistry  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 4682-4706 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemospecificity and Regioselectivity during Cycloaddition Reactions of Diazoalkanes with 1H-1,2-Diazepines1H-1,2-Diazepines 1 react in a chemospecific way, but only regioselectively, at the 4-double bond with diazoalkanes to form “direct” and “inverse” pyrazolinodiazepines (3,4,6-21). A dramatic rate increase is observed when going from diazomethane to diazoethane and to diazoisopropane, a result which agrees quite well with MNDO calculations. Considering the AO coefficients of the frontier MO's which come into interaction during these concerted cycloadditions, the cyclo-additions are unlikely to occur in a regiospecific manner; only a slight regioselectivity is predicted and found in most of the cases. 1-Benzoyldiazepines 1e and f proved to be the fastest reacting educts with no formation of the “inverse” adducts with 1e and only in poor yield with 1f. Diazepines bearing a 3-methyl group have a more pronounced boat-shaped conformation than their non-alkylated homologues. As a consequence, the regioselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cyclo-additions is decreasing.
    Notes: 1H-1,2-Diazepine 1 reagieren mit Diazoalkanen chemospezifisch, jedoch nur regioselektiv, an der 4-Doppelbildung zu „direkten“ und „inversen“ Pyrazolinodiazepinen (3,4,6-21). Dabei nimmt die Reaktivität von Diazomethan (DAM) über Diazoethan (DAE) zu Diazoisopropan (DAP) deutlich zu, was mit MNDO-Rechnungen in guter Übereinstimmung steht. Nach den AO-Ko-effizienten der Grenzorbitale sollten diese konzertierten Cycloadditionen keine Regiospezifität, sondern nur eine gewisse Regioselektivität aufweisen, was wiederum durch das Experiment bewiesen wurde. Von allen Edukten reagieren die beiden 1-Benzoyldiazepine 1e und f am besten, wobei die „inversen“ Addukte für 1e überhaupt nicht und für 1f nur in geringem Ausmaße auftreten. Eine Methylgruppe in 3-Stellung der Diazepine 1 hat allgemein zur Folge, daß die Wannenkonformation der entsprechenden Diazepine stärker ausgeprägt ist, wobei die Regioselektivität noch abnimmt.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Catalytic double osmylation is described for a series of cyclohexadienes in acetone/H2O in the presence of the co-oxidant N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMO). The formation of polyols occurred stereospecifically with cyclohexadienes 3,7, and 11a, leading thereby to tetrols 5a, and 9a and to allo-inositol (14a), respectively. To the contrary, trans-cyclohexadiene-diol 15a gave a mixture of the stereoisomeric inositols 18a (epi), 19a (neo), and 20a (chiro). High-field NMR let to clearcut conformational analyses of the polyhydroxylated derivatives.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction of sorbaldehyde O-methyloxime 1d with chiral chloronitroso derivative 2 of D-mannose, followed by osmylation of the primary cycloadduct, led to diol 6a with excellent enantioselectivity (ee 〉 99%; Scheme 1). Catalytic hydrogenolysis of 6a gave 1,6-dideoxy-D-allo-nojirimycin (7a). Nucleophilic ring opening of cyclic sulfate 8 allowed a straightforward synthesis of 1,6-dideoxynojirimycin (11) and of 1,6-dideoxy-D-gulo-nojirimycin (12; Scheme 2).
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 80 (1997), S. 43-58 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two new enantioselective syntheses of the naphthopyranquinone antibiotic frenolicin B (1), of its enantiomer 2, and of its diastereoisomers 3 and 4 were accomplished using two different routes from optically active β-Hydroxy esters (R)- and (S)-11 and 18. β-Hydroxy esters (R)- and (S)-11 were prepared stereoselectively from optically active sulfenylacetates (S)- and (R)-10, respectively (Scheme 2, Method A). Alternatively, compound 18 was obtained in excellent yield by enantioselective hydrogenation of the corresponding β-keto ester 17, using a chiral ruthenium-complex catalyst (Scheme 3, Method B). Subsequently, compounds (S)-11 and 18 were transformed into frenolicin B (1). In analogy, Stereoisomers 2-4 were prepared from (S)- and (R)-11 in good yields.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Azeitidinodiazepines 4b and 4c react with acylnitroso dienophiles 5a-c, specifically from their convexe α-side, but in a non-regiospecific way, leading thereby stereospecifically to the expected adducts 6a-d and 7a-d. The three-dimensional structures of 6a and 7a were determined by X-ray analyses which corroborated their NMR data. OsO4 cis-glycolization occurred in good yield with the inverse adducts 7a and 7e and led to the rearranged products 10. These latter ones result from an intramolecular N- to O-transbenzoylation of the short-lived intermediates 9 followed by fragmentation of the animal function. X-Ray analysis of 7a showed the N(10) atom to be pyramidal, a result which demonstrates that it does not have any pronounced benzamide character; otherwise no such N- to O-transbenzoylation would have taken place. Structure and relative configuration of 10a were ascertained by X-ray analysis which confirmed its NMR data as well as the stereochemical outcome of its formation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 74 (1991), S. 934-940 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The chiral bicyclic imidazol derivatives 7 and 8 were obtained from D-glucose derivative 9 by a sequence of selective protection/deprotection and intramolecular SN2 reactions. Triols 7 and 8 are analogues of 6-epica-stanospermine (4) and of 3,7a-diepialexine (6), respectively, and are potential glycosidase inhibitors. However, their anti-HIV activity proved to be only marginal.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dimethyl acetals 4 of (E)-2,4-pentadienal and of (E,E)- and (E,Z)-2,4-hexadienals undergo regio- and stereospecific cycloaddition reactions with in-situ-generated acylnitroso dienophiles 5a and 5b, leading thereby to the corresponding dihydrooxazines 7a-d and 8c-d. cis-Glycolization of these latter adducts stereospecifically gave the dihydro derivatives 9a-d and 10d which, after sequential hydrogenolysis, deacetalization, and instant cyclization, led to the aminodeoxyribose derivatives 17a, 17f, and 18, and to the amino-dideoxyallose compounds 17c and 17h. These piperidino-deoxysugar derivatives exhibit a strong anomeric effect, i.e. OH—C(1) is always axial, which is explained in terms of a nN(π)-σ*(C—OH) orbital compression, as compared to the less pronounced one in the more classical pyranose series.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 70 (1987), S. 2087-2097 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Saponification of homodiazepine 1a and 1b, in the absence of any proton donors, led to the formation of the 6π electron anionic species A which, by virtue of a 1,5-electrocyclization, is in equilibrium with the allylic anion B. This latter tricyclic species is thermodynamically less favoured than its bicyclic isomer A. Nevertheless, B could be trapped by acylation and led tupe-2 compounds which are the major reaction products. This is due to the fact that B is more nucleophilic and, therefore, much more reactive than A. The transoid topology of the tricyclic products 2 was demonstrated by 1H-NMR and by an X-ray diagram of 2d. The transoid geometry of 2 is a consequence of a torquospecific 1,5-electrocyclization (of A), which is due to a steric, and possibly even to an electronic factor.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Acylnitroso dienophiles 4 reacted instantly with 1-(silyloxy)butadiene 5α and led in good yield to the regioisomeric cycloadducts 6 (major) and 7 (minor; Scheme 2, Table 1). cis-Hydroxylation of these primary cycloadducts with OsO4 (catalyst) occurred stereospecifically and in high yield (→8 and 9, resp.; Scheme 2). It was followed by reductive ring cleavage to give either 1-amino-1-deoxy-DL-erythritol or 4-amino-4-deoxy-DL-erythrose derivatives 10 and 14, respectively, depending on the nature of the reducing agent (Schemes 3 and 4).
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 75 (1992), S. 109-123 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chiral acylnitroso dienophiles 14, which were obtained from L-proline and from D-mandelic acid, reacted with cyclohexa-1,3-diene to give the expected diastereoisomers 15 and 16 (Scheme 2 and Table 1). The d.e. values for these Diels-Alder reactions were moderate; they are related to the molecular stiffness of the dienophiles. The absolute configuration of the major cycloadducts was interpreted in terms of HOMO/LUMO interactions, the approach being ‘endo’ and the acylintroso dienophiles reacting from their s-cis-conformation.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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