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  • Chemistry  (34,196)
  • General Chemistry  (3,093)
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  • 1
    Unknown
    Magnetic Functions Beyond the Spin-Hamiltonian (2006)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry, inorganic ; Magnetism
    ISBN: 9783540325017
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/b136753
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
    Unknown
    Viruses in Foods (2006)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Food science
    ISBN: 9780387292519
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-29251-9
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Unknown
    Trout Farms and Other Human activities Effects on Cheshmehkileh River Ecosystem in Tonekabon (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Cheshmehkileh River and adjacent mountainous streams, play a strategic role as a historical axis for anthropogenic civilization, human welfare also habitat and migration pathway of commercial – biologic valuable fishes e.g. Caspian trout, Caspian kuttum, members of Cyprinidae family in south Caspian Sea drainage. Treats such as overfishing of Caspian trout and Red spotted trout stocks in mountainous headwaters, barriers construction and manipulations those are out of river carrying capacity developed by human activities, affected normal function of river as well. Sand mining big factories establishment next to the river, legal and illegal trade of river sediments, direct entry of Tonekabon landfill leakage into the river, development of Rainbow trout farms since 3 decades and huge effluents into the river containing dead fish and types of solids, escapement of cultured Rainbow trouts into the river, … are major minimum factors which needs basic information for integrating inclusively drainage management system. Cheshmehkileh River contains Headwaters of Dohezar (Daryasar & Nusha), Sehezar and Valamroud rivers during 13 monthly sampling phases between September 2009 and October 2010 based on macrozoobenthoses investigations by EPT, EPT/C EPA protocols, measurements of nominated physic-chemical and microbiologic parameters. Probability of Rainbow trouts escapement and invasion, existence, nutrition in Cheshmehkileh environment indeed investigated. Data analysis explained significant differences (P〈0.05) between groups of measured parameters in different sampling stations. Dendogram of clustered analysis based on consolidation of major biologic/ physic-chemical and microbiologic parameters, separated stations No. 1, 3, 2, 4 in one group and remained classified in different groups. Station 8 and 9 similarly separated which expressed general similarities according to Sehezar river environment which were differs in comparison with other stations. Station 11 separated according to its natural quality of water and environment. Similarities between station 10 to Sehezar river stations 8 and 9 expressed general influence of Sehezar River more than Dohezar River in Cheshmehkileh condition especially in station No. 10. High scores of EPT and EPT/C indices in upstream stations 1, 3 and 8 also low score of indices in stations 7, 13 and 6 expressed levels of environment quality between these groups of stations. Maximum average biomass of macroinvertebrates belongs to Trichoptera order in Cheshmehkileh River. Significant decrease of biomass in stations 11, 12 and 13 in comparison with other stations stated environment degradation in mentioned stations relevant to excessive sand mining as well. Pollution resistant groups of invertebrates significantly increased in downstreams against upstream stations. Also disappearing of Plecoptera order in station No. 7, 9, 10 and 13 stated low quality of environment in comparison with upstream stations. Confirmation of effects quality and quantity for point and non-point sources of imported pollutants require specific management considerations in order to present exploitations, pollutants control and emergencies for river monitoring in forthcoming years.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: River ; Pollution ; Aquaculture ; EPTC ; Assessment ; Macroinvertebrates ; Chemistry ; Microbiology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 138pp.
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  • 4
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    Trout farms and other human activities effects on Cheshmehkileh river ecosystem in Tonekabon (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25792 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:54:26 | 25792 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Cheshmehkileh River and adjacent mountainous streams, play a strategic role as a historical axis for anthropogenic civilization, human welfare also habitat and migration pathway of commercial – biologic valuable fishes e.g. Caspian trout, Caspian kuttum, members of Cyprinidae family in south Caspian Sea drainage. Treats such as overfishing of Caspian trout and Red spotted trout stocks in mountainous headwaters, barriers construction and manipulations those are out of river carrying capacity developed by human activities, affected normal function of river as well. Sand mining big factories establishment next to the river, legal and illegal trade of river sediments, direct entry of Tonekabon landfill leakage into the river, development of Rainbow trout farms since 3 decades and huge effluents into the river containing dead fish and types of solids, escapement of cultured Rainbow trouts into the river, … are major minimum factors which needs basic information for integrating inclusively drainage management system. Cheshmehkileh River contains Headwaters of Dohezar (Daryasar & Nusha), Sehezar and Valamroud rivers during 13 monthly sampling phases between September 2009 and October 2010 based on macrozoobenthoses investigations by EPT, EPT/C EPA protocols, measurements of nominated physic-chemical and microbiologic parameters. Probability of Rainbow trouts escapement and invasion, existence, nutrition in Cheshmehkileh environment indeed investigated. Data analysis explained significant differences (P〈0.05) between groups of measured parameters in different sampling stations. Dendogram of clustered analysis based on consolidation of major biologic/ physic-chemical and microbiologic parameters, separated stations No. 1, 3, 2, 4 in one group and remained classified in different groups. Station 8 and 9 similarly separated which expressed general similarities according to Sehezar river environment which were differs in comparison with other stations. Station 11 separated according to its natural quality of water and environment. Similarities between station 10 to Sehezar river stations 8 and 9 expressed general influence of Sehezar River more than Dohezar River in Cheshmehkileh condition especially in station No. 10. High scores of EPT and EPT/C indices in upstream stations 1, 3 and 8 also low score of indices in stations 7, 13 and 6 expressed levels of environment quality between these groups of stations. Maximum average biomass of macroinvertebrates belongs to Trichoptera order in Cheshmehkileh River. Significant decrease of biomass in stations 11, 12 and 13 in comparison with other stations stated environment degradation in mentioned stations relevant to excessive sand mining as well. Pollution resistant groups of invertebrates significantly increased in downstreams against upstream stations. Also disappearing of Plecoptera order in station No. 7, 9, 10 and 13 stated low quality of environment in comparison with upstream stations. Confirmation of effects quality and quantity for point and non-point sources of imported pollutants require specific management considerations in order to present exploitations, pollutants control and emergencies for river monitoring in forthcoming years.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Management ; Iran ; Tonekabon ; Cheshmehkileh ; River ; Pollution ; Aquaculture ; EPTC ; Assessment ; Macroinvertebrates ; Chemistry ; Microbiology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 138
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CHO DUKX cell lineages preadapted to growth in serum-free suspension culture enable rapid development of cell culture processes for the manufacture of recombinant proteins (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 52 (1996), S. 518-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: CHO cells ; serum-free medium ; adaptation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Using an adaptive strategy, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines were developed that are capable of robust growth in serum-free suspension culture. These preadapted derivatives of the commonly used strain of CHO cells (CHO DUKX), termed PA-DUKX, were used for the introduction and stable expression of several heterologous human genes. A significant advantage of recombinant PA-DUKX cells was their ability to readily resume growth in serum-free suspension culture after transfection and amplification of heterologous genes. Expression of recombinant human proteins in PA-DUKX cells was quantitatively similar to that of lineages generated using conventional CHO DUKX cells. In addition, recombinant human proteins expressed by transfected PA-DUKX lineages were shown to be biochemically and structurally similar to those expressed in CHO DUKX cells, PA-DUKX host cell technology provides an opportunity for reducing the time and resources required to develop large-scale, suspension culture-based manufacturing processes employing serum-free medium. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric investigation of isotropic and anisotropic solutions of cellulose acetate in dioxane (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 37 (1995), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: cellulose acetate ; dioxane solutions ; dielectric behaviour ; anisotropy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The dielectric and optical characteristics of a sample of cellulose acetate (DS = 2.45) in dioxane solutions were studied at 10-50°C of concentration 10-50 wt% to include both isotropic and anisotropic phases. The study showed that the loss maximum, εmax″, magnitude of polarization, (ε0 - ε∞), static dielectric constant, ε0, time of relation, (2πfm)-1, and refractive index, nD, steadily increase with concentration up to the critical concentration (41 wt%) and then decrease. The mean-square dipole moment, 〈gμ2〉, decreases steadily up to the critical concentration then remains nearly constant, indicating that the isotropic solution changes to anisotropic, with smaller mean-square dipole moment. Comparison between the results of cellulose acetate (CA) and those of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) reveals that, at the critical concentration in dioxane, the cholesteric structure of HPC possesses a greater mean-square dipole moment with higher temperature coefficient than does CA. The activation energy of the relaxation process for hydroxypropyl cellulose is higher, indicating a greater intrachain interaction compared with cellulose acetate.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210370103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric investigation of isotropic and anisotropic solutions of hydroxypropyl cellulose in dioxan (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 34 (1994), S. 363-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: hydroxypropyl cellulose ; dioxan ; dielectric behaviour ; refractive index ; isotropy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The dielectric behaviour of hydroxypropyl cellulose in dioxan has been studied at 10-50°C over a range of concentration of 10-55 wt% to include the isotropic and anisotropic phases. The study showed that the loss maximum ε″max magnitude of polarization ε0 - ε∞ relaxation time 1/2πfm degree of broadening of the absorption curves 1-h or α, and the mean-square dipole moment 〈gμ2〉, steadily increase with concentration up to 42 wt%, above which a rapid decrease takes place. This indicates that the isotropic solution transforms to an anisotropic solution with a smaller mean dipole moment. The critical concentration is realized to be temperature invariant. This was evidenced by measuring the refractive index of solutions covering the same concentration and temperature ranges.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1994.210340402
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequencing electroblotted proteins by tandem mass spectrometry (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 9 (1995), S. 1051-1055 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electroblotting proteins separated by gel electrophoresis provides a suitable support for further manipulations and analysis of small amounts of relatively pure samples. On-membrane digestion, peptide mapping by mass spectrometry, and database searching offer sensitive and fast tools to identify the analyte. By providing sequence information, tandem mass spectrometry can go a step further, confirming the database identification, solving problems connected with post-translational modifications and sequence variations, or supplying the stretches of internal sequence necessary to synthesize an oligonucleotide probe for gene isolation. The viability of this approach was successfully evaluated using different tandem mass spectrometric techniques: metastable decomposition in a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight instrument with a curved-field reflectron; low energy collision-induced dissociation in a MALDI quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer; and high energy collision-induced dissociation in a high-performance four-sector mass spectrometer with massive cluster-impact ionization.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290091116
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positively and negatively charged water cluster ions generated via liquid chromatography/thermospray mass spectrometry (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 5 (1991), S. 188-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation of singly protonated water clusters in the positive-ion mode and singly deprotonated water clusters as well as singly negatively charged water clusters in the negative-ion mode with a thermospray system running on pure water and in the discharge-on mode is described. The influence of the potential at the repeller electrode opposite to the sampling cone recalls previous mechanistic discussions on the repeller influence. Application of these water cluster ions to tuning and calibration in the thermospray mode is proposed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290050409
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of hydrostatic pressure on the electrical conductivity of FEF carbon black-loaded sbr vulcanizates (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 150 (1987), S. 21-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde die elektrische Leitfähigkeit von Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk (SBR-1502), der mit unterschiedlichen Konzentrationen von sehr schnell spritzbarem Furnace-Ruß (70, 80, 90 und 100 phr) beladen war, untersucht. Auf der Basis des Modells von Holm wurde eine qualitative Beschreibung für die elektrische Leitfähigkeit durch diese Verbundstoffe gesucht. Der Druckkoeffizient K wurde berechnet und zeigte eine starke Abhängigkeit von den Rußkonzentrationen.
    Notes: The electrical conduction was investigated in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR-1502) loaded with different concentrations of fast extrusion furnace (FEF) black (70, 80, 90, and 100 phr). On the bases of Holm's model, a qualitative description for the electrical conduction through these composites was sought. The pressure coefficient K was calculated and found to be strongly dependent on the carbon black concentrations.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051500103
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