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  • Chemistry  (46)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (13)
  • BSSA  (13)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 3407-3415 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polyamide ; thermotropic ; liquid crystalline ; mechanical property ; hydrogen bonding ; IR analysis ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thermotropic polyamides with high molecular weights were synthesized by melt polycondensation of 3,3′-disubstituted-4,4′-biphenylenediacetamides with α,ο-diphenoxyalkane-4,4′-dicarboxylic acids. Methyl, methoxy, and chloro groups were used as 3,3′-substituents. IR measurements revealed that there are hydrogen-bonded carbonyls and free carbonyls the intensities of which depended on the polymer structure and the temperature. The thermotropic liquid crystallinity of the polyamides is assumed to occur by a decrease in intermolecular hydrogen bondings between carbonyls and amide NH's which was caused both with 3,3′-substitutions of the biphenylene moiety and with introduction of long alkylene spacers in the polymer backbone. In addition, mechanical properties of the thermotropic polyamides were measured on the molded dumbbell-type specimen. The 3,3′-dichloro polyamides showed medium tensile strengths and moduli in the range of 500-890 kgf/cm2a nd 19.0 × 103 to 27.0 × 103 kgf/cm2, respectively. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of high-performance liquid chromatography and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry are shown to be an efficient combination for investigating protease-mediated digestion of synthetic analogs of the peptide hormone ANF (atrial natriuretic factor). As examples of the reported methodology, rANF5-23-NH2 and rANF7-23-NH2 were digested with the endopeptidase thermolysin. These truncated analogs were selected to investigate metabolism within the disulfide-linked core of ANF, particularly at the Cys7—Phe8 bond. While this position was the site of initial hydrolysis for rANF5-23-NH2 (t1/2 = 0.5 min), the Cys7—Phe8 bond remained intact for all observed degradation products of rANF7-23-NH2 (t1/2 = 16 min). These findings suggest that improved stability towards endopeptidase-mediated core hydrolysis may be conferred to analogs of ANF by removal of the first six residues from the N-terminus.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 782-784 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary zone electrophoresis ; Anticoagulant peptide ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ability to acquire structurally informative daughter ion spectra for individual peptides undergoing separation and analysis by continuous flow fast atom bombardment (CF FAB) is demonstrated. To illustrate the potential of this methodology, tryptic and chymotryptic digests of the 29-residue peptide glucagon were analyzed by CF FAB using mass specrromctric and tandem mass spectrometric detection in consecutive analyses. Daughter ion spectra were recorded using B/E linked scans for the major hydrolysis products observed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The peptide mixtures were separated by gradient capillary high-performance liquid chromatography with the FAB matrix being added post-column using a coaxial flow interface between the column and flow probe. The entire effluent (3 μl min-1) was sampled by the mass spectrometer. Results obtained using less than 300 pmol of digested glucagon indicated several advantages to tandem mass spectrometric detection including the ability to confirm identities for products of enzymatic digestion and the potential use of this method for tandem sequence analysis of peptide mixtures.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 37 (1995), S. 77-82 
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: thermal degradation ; TG curve ; kinetic parameter ; poly(BPS-M) ; mass spectrum ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermal degradation of polymethacrylic ester containing bisphenol-S, poly(BPS-M), was investigated under nitrogen and air atmosphere at various heating rates. Ozawa's method was used to calculate the kinetic parameters, activation energy, preexponential factor and reaction order. Thermodegradation of the polymer occurs in one or two stages in nitrogen and air, respectively. The temperature at the start of intense degradation (Tstart) and the temperature corresponding to a 50% mass loss (T50%) were found to be 300 and 402°C, respectively, at a heating rate of 10°C min-1 in nitrogen. Larger sample masses have a larger temperature interval (ΔT) and a greater mass loss (ΔW). The kinetic order of degradation is unity both in nitrogen and air. The direct pyrolysis mass spectrum of the polymer shows one degradation peak. The most important degradation process under inert atmosphere is the loss of carbon dioxide, phenol and sulphur dioxide. A possible mechanism for thermal decomposition of poly(BPS-M) is proposed based on the product analyses.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60 (1996), S. 1609-1618 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Oligomers derived from terephthalic acid and 1,6-hexanediol or 1,10-decanediol have been chemically modified through end-grafting with succinic anhydride or trimellitic anhydride followed by glycidyl neodecanoate. The grafted oligomers are paste-like semisolids or viscous liquids at room temperature. As the grafted oligomers are heated, their viscosity goes down to a minimum, then up to a maximum, and then down again. Combined DSC, crossed polarizing microscopy, and wide-angle x-ray diffraction indicate that the grafted oligomers form crystalline domains dispersed in amorphous phase. The grafted oligomers are soluble in common organic solvents, such as toluene, at lower concentrations (〈14-51 wt %) and form stable dispersions at higher concentrations. High solid coatings formulated with mel-amine or isocyanate resins gave glossy films with excellent combined hardness and impact resistance. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 1651-1658 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Block copolymers of bisphenol A isophthalate and sebacate were prepared by a two-step interfacial polycondensation. The copolymers had sebacate contents of 1 : 5 and 1 : 3 molar with block lengths (DP) of 4,9, and 19. Thermal analysis of the copolymers by DSC showed the Tm of PBI. The crystallizability of PBI chain segments in the block copolymers was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The Tm of the copolymers was primarily influenced by the DP of the chain segments rather than the sebacate content. The Tg of the copolymers was mainly affected by the sebacate content rather than the DP of chain segments. The independent Tg of sebacate in the copolymers was not detected by DSC, i.e., the two polymer chains were compatible without phase separation. Phase separation was only observed in the rheometric spectrum of a 1 : 1 blend of the two homopolymers. The sebacate, being compatible with the isophthalate, had a plasticizing effect upon the polyarylate, which resulted in an improvement in toughness of the copolymers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 2837-2852 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The formation and deposition of a polymer as a thin, uniform solid film on a metal particle substrate is investigated in detail in a fluidized electrode bed reactor. Experiments were carried out in different designs of fluidized bed electrode cell reactor, using various metal particles and monomers. It was observed that diacetone acrylamide (DAA) monomer in 0.1N H2SO4 with aluminum particles (3530 μm) as cathode, in a concentric dual compartment cell, appeared to yield the best films. Infrared and elemental analyses were used to characterize the polymer film on the metal particles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the surface and cross-sectional profiles of the films. The potential profiles in both particulate and solution phases were measured and the importance of particulate electrical conductivity in the polymerization is thus explained. It was observed that the optimum particulate conductivity and hence the maximum yield occurs in the range of 10-20% bed expansion. The experimental product yields for various liquid superficial velocities (i.e., bed expansion) at different feeder current densities were compared to explain the possible controlling mechanism in packed and fluidized bed cells, noting that both chemical reaction and mass transfer control in the low bed expansion region while chemical reaction controls in the high bed expansion region. The current effciency decreases in the high current region due to side reactions at the fluidized bed electrode and due to pore diffusion in the polymer film.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 778-785 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This paper investigates the effect of matrix ductility on toughness in a carboxyl-terminated butadiene-acryionitrile copolymer (CTBN) toughened diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA)-piperidine system. Two kinds of epoxides were blended separately into this system to change the matrix ductility. One was a rigid and polyfunctional 4,4′-diaminodiphenol methane (MY720), and the other was a flexible diglycidyl ether of propylene glycol (DER732). The matrix Tg was significantly changed, but without alteration of the microstructure of the dispersed rubbery phase. The result of fracture energy tests reveals that the toughness of the neat epoxy resins increases slightly with the increase in the resin ductility. The toughness of the rubber-modified epoxy resins increases strongly with matrix ductility. Studies on the morphology of the toughened systems and their fracture surfaces indicate that the size of the plastic deformation zone under constant rubbery-phase morphology is determined by the multiple but localized plastic shear yielding. Increasing matrix ductility increases the size of the plastic deformation zone by inducing more extensive shear yielding. In addition, fracture surfaces reveal that as the matrix rigidity is increased, an increasing proportion of the fracture energy is dissipated by rubber cavitation during crack initiation.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 30 (1987), S. 498-504 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Biological phenol degradation in a draft tube gas-liquid-solid fluidized bed (DTFB) bioreactor containing a mixed culture immobilized on spherical activated carbon particles was investigated. The characteristics of biofilms including the biofilm dry density and thickness, the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient, and the phenol removal rates under different operating conditions in the DTFB were evaluated. A phenol degradation rate as high as 18 kg/m3-day with an effluent phenol concentration less than 1 g/m3 was achieved, signifying the high treatment efficiency of using a DTFB.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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