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  • Chemistry  (99)
  • Cyclodextrins  (2)
  • Dynamic gas chromatography  (2)
  • gas chromatography  (2)
  • 2,6-di-O-methyl-3-O-pentyl-β- and y-cyclodextrins  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 10 (1998), S. 499-504 
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: enantioselective capillary gas chromatography ; cyclodextrin derivatives ; stereochemistry of terpenes ; monoterpenes ; essential oils ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Capillary gas chromatography employing the unique selectivities of specifically substituted cyclodextrins is highly suited for stereochemical investigations of terpenoid compounds. The analysis of many essential oils have shown that monoterpene derivatives regularly occur as enantiomeric mixtures. In the case of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, liverworts (Hepaticae) and other lower organisms usually biosynthesize compounds of opposite stereochemistry as compared to higher plants and enantiomeric mixtures occur only occasionally. The investigation of diterpene hydrocarbons has so far shown no indication of the presence of both enantiomers in the same plant. Chirality 10:499-504, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: gas chromatography ; modified β-cyclodextrin column ; chiral separation ; assay ; mexiletine ; hydroxylated metabolites ; urine ; conjugation/deconjugation ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The enantiomers of mexiletine and four of its hydroxylated metabolites were directly separated by capillary gas chromatography using a heptakis(6-O-tert-butyl-dimethylsilyl-2,3-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin column. The method was applied to the analysis of urine samples from cancer patients who were treated with racemic mexiletine as part of a study of the use of mexiletine in the relief of neuropathic pain. Samples analyzed before and after deconjugation of the urine with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase showed a high stereoselectivity in the formation and conjugation of these compounds. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: chiral capillary gas chromatography ; chiral high-performance liquid chromatography ; stationary cyclodextrin phases ; chiral pollutants ; enantioselective processes ; microbial degradation processes ; photochemical degradation processes ; enzymatic degradation processes ; blood-brain barrier ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Enantiomeric ratios of 11 chiral environmental pollutants determined in different compartments of the marine ecosystem by chiral capillary gas chromatography and chiral high-performance liquid chromatography allow discrimination between the following processes: enantioselective decomposition of both enantiomers with different velocities by marine microorganisms (α-HCH, β-PCCH, γ-PCCH); enantioselective decomposition of one enantiomer only by marine microorganisms (DCPP); enantioselective decomposition by enzymatic processes in marine biota (α-HCH, β-PCCH, trans-chlordane, cis-chlordane, octachlordane MC4, octachlordane MC5, octachlordane MC7, oxychlordane, heptachlor epoxide); enantioselective active transport through the “blood-brain barrier” (α-HCH); nonenantioselective photochemical degradation (α-HCH, β-PCCH). © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: Horeau's method ; configuration of secondary alcohols ; enantioselective gas chromatography ; 2-phenylbutyric acid ; cyclodextrin derivative ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of optically active secondary alcohols with excess of racemic 2-phenylbutyric acid anhydride in pyridine proceeds at different rates to the diastereoisomeric esters (kinetic partial resolution). According to Horeau the (unknown) absolute configuration of the alcohol can be derived from the optical rotation of the remaining excess of 2-phenylbutyric acid in the reaction mixture. Measuring the optical rotation may be very difficult in cases of small absolute rotation values and may be inaccurate due to the necessity to completely remove all chiral impurities. The application of Horeau's method is greatly facilitated by gas chromatographic determination of the enantiomeric ratio of the remaining 2-phenylbutyric acid after methylation using a short capillary column with heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl-3-O-pentyl)-β-cyclodextrin as a chiral stationary phase. Baseline resolution of the enantiomers is achieved after approximately 10 min of retention time. Due to the high selectivity of capillary gas chromatography the probability of impurities in the mixture to interfere with the measurement of the enantiomeric ratio is extremely low. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: capillary zone electrophoresis ; axially chiral biphenyls ; energy barrier ; cyclodextrin derivatives ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new technique is presented for the investigation of the rotational energy barrier of axially chiral biphenyls, based on capillary zone electrophoresis using cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors. Only minute amounts are required for the investigation of dynamic processes with energy barriers of 100-130 kJ/mol. The influence of the chiral selector on the conformational stability of atropisomers can be determined separately for each enantiomer. Additionally, segmentation of the capillary into different buffer zones allows us to exclude any influence of the chiral selector on the rotational energy barrier. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 724-728 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Chiral capillary GC ; Peralkylated cyclodextrins ; Reductive cleavage ; 1H-NMR ; Thermogravimetry ; McReynolds indices ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 14 (1991), S. 530-536 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography ; Heptakis(2-O-methyl-3,6-di-O-pentyl)-γ-cyclodextrin ; Mixed cyclodextrin derivatives ; Phenoxypropionic acid herbicides ; Polychlorinated pesticides ; Enantiomer separation of chlordane ; Organophosphorus pesticides ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The enantiomers of phenoxypropionic acid type herbicides have been resolved by capillary gas chromatography employing modified cyclodextrins as chiral stationary phases. Excellent separations were obtained with columns containing a 1:1 mixture of per-O-pentylated and per-O-methylated γ-cyclodextrin.The enantiomers of the methyl esters of mecoprop and dichlorprop were also resolved on octakis(3-O-butyryl-2,6-di-O-pentyl)-γ-cyclodextrin. On this phase the order of elution of the enantiomers was temperature-dependent, the elution order being reversed as the temperature passed through the isoenantioselective temperature. This is the first time such behavior has been observed with cyclodextrin derivatives.The enantiomers of the polychlorinated polycyclic pesticides cis- and trans-chlordane, oxychlordane, heptachlor, heptachlorepoxide, and three chiral organophosphorus pesticides could be resolved using selectively derivatized cyclodextrin derivatives.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Enantioselective gas chromatography ; Cyclodextrin derivatives ; Polychlorinated pesticides ; Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) ; Pyrethroid insecticides/Allethrin ; Organophosphorus pesticides/Acephate, Malaoxon ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The enantiomers of the polychlorinated polycyclic xenobiotics heptachlor, cis- and trans-chlordane, cis- and trans-heptachlorepoxide, oxychlordane, and bromocyclen have been resolved by gas chromatography with selectively substituted cyclodextrins. The order of elution of these compounds and of α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) was determined by comparison with enantiomerically enriched reference compounds obtained by preparative enantioselective gas chromatography.A separation of the eight stereoisomers of the pyrethroid insecticide allethrin into seven peaks was achieved. Both trans-diastereomers were separated into their enantiomers and the order of elution could be determined by comparison with commercially available (S)-bioallethrin and trans-bioallethrin. Also one cis-diastereomer was separated, wheras the other cis-isomer could not be resolved. In addition 15 out of 19 stable atropisomeric polychlorinated biphenyls with 5, 6 and 7 chlorine substituents, some chiral organophosphorus pesticides, including acephate and malaoxon and the herbicide bromoacil were separated.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Enantioselective gas chromatography ; Enantioselective supercritical fluid chromatography ; Immobilized chiral stationary phases ; Modified cyclodextrin ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl-3-O-pentyl) (2-O-methyl-6-O-oct-1-enyl-3-O-pentyl)-γ-cyclodextrin was immobilized to narrow-bore fused silica capillaries after selective modification. One tert-butyldimethylsilyl group was introduced into octakis-(2-O-methyl-3-O-pentyl)-γ-cyclodextrin in order to get a pure monofunctionalized cyclodextrin derivative. During synthesis the tert-butyldimethylsilyl group was replaced by an anchoring group to bind the cyclodextrin to a polysiloxane. After thermal immobilization of the modified polysiloxane this new chiral stationary phase was applied in GC and SFC. High efficiency separations were obtained in GC. In SFC very polar compounds could be chromatographed at low temperatures resulting in higher separation factors as compared to GC.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Enantioselective capillary gas chromatography ; Cyclodextrins ; Inverse substitution pattern ; Mechanism of chiral recognition ; Applications ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Transferring the site of specific substitution of dipentylated cyclodextrins with methyl or acyl residues from the secondary 3-hydroxyl group to the primary 6-hydroxyl group was expected to provide new information on the mechanism of chiral recognition. The 3-position points towards and the 6-position points away from the cyclodextrin cavity which via inclusion complex formation is supposed to play a major role in chiral separation. The “inverse” 6-O-acyl-2,3-di-O-pentyl-cyclodextrins displayed almost no enantioselectivity but the corresponding 6-O-methyl derivatives are a versatile supplement to the chiral capillary GC phases nowadays available. Among the compounds that could be enantiomerically resolved are alcohols, amino acids, alkyl halides, bicyclic ethers, acetals, olefins, other hydrocarbons and chiral pharmaceuticals.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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