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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 507-509 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 89 (1980), S. 167-181 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Tetraalkylammonium cellulosates were prepared by means of an exchange reaction between cellulose and tetraalkylammonium methoxides in anhydrous methanol and dimethylsulfoxide up to a degree of substitution of about 0,7 without chain degradation. The course of this reaction and the structure of the cellulosates in comparison to lithium and sodium cellulosate has been studied. The reaction rate and the equilibrium substitution decreased with increasing size of the cation in the methoxide. The distribution of the alcoholate groups in equilibrium at C-2, C-3 and C-6 of the glucopyranosyl unit in the cellulosates, which was investigated by methylation, hydrolysis of the methylcelluloses, and analysis of the methylglucoses by gas chromatography, was independent of the nature of the cation. Under the given reaction conditions the hydroxyl group at C-2 was more acidic than those at C-3 and C-6, while for the latter practically no difference was found. The tetraalkylammonium cellulosates are highly reactive intermediates for the preparation of cellulose derivatives. The reactivity of the cellulosates increased with increasing size of the cation, Li⊕ 〈 Na⊕ 〈 N(CH3)4⊕ 〈[(CH3)3N—CH2—C6H5]⊕.
    Notes: Tetraalkylammoniumcellulosate wurden durch Umsetzung von Cellulose mit Tetraalkylammoniummethoxiden in wasserfreiem Methanol und Dimethylsulfoxid ohne Kettenabbau bis zu einem Substitutionsgrad von ca. 0,7 erhalten. Der Verlauf dieser Umsetzung und die Struktur der Cellulosate in Vergleich zu Lithium- und Natriumcellulosat wurde untersucht. Die Umsetzungsgeschwindigkeit und der Substitutionsgrad nahmen mit zunehmender Größe des Kations im Methoxid ab. Die Verteilung der Alkoholatgruppen im Gleichgewicht am C-2, C-3 und C-6 der Glucopyranoseeinheit in den Cellulosaten, die durch Methylierung, Hydrolyse der Methylcellulose und gaschromatographische Analyse der Methylglucosen ermittelt wurde, war unabhängig von der Natur des Kations. Unter den angewandten Reaktionsbedingungen war die Hydroxylgruppe am C-2 acider als die am C-3 und C-6, während letztere sich kaum unterschieden. Die quartären Ammoniumcellulosate sind sehr reaktive Zwischenverbindungen für die Darstellung von Cellulosederivaten. Die Reaktivität der Cellulosate nahm mit zunehmender Größe des Kations, Li⊕ 〈 Na⊕ 〈 N(CH3)4⊕ 〈 [(CH3)3N—CH2—C6H5]⊕, zu.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese von Desoxyoligonucleotid-Fragmenten zur Anwendung in der Genverknüpfung unter Einsatz verbesserter präparativer und analytischer MethodenZur Untersuchung der Expression rekombinanter DNS haben wir Oligonucleotide als Genverknüpfungsfragmente dargestellt, die spezifische Spaltstellen sowohl in die DNA wie in das zugehörige Protein einführen. Ihr Aufbau ist so, daß die Spaltung eines Fusionsproteins entweder durch Bromcyan oder durch Kollagenase erfolgen kann. Die Synthese wurde nach dem Triesterschema durchgeführt, wobei schnellere und einfachere Wege zu funktionalisierten Dinucleotid-Baueinheiten entwickelt wurden. Die Felddesorptions-Massenspektrometrie diente als Routine-methode für den Strukturbeweis und die Reinheitskontrolle dieser Baueinheiten.
    Notes: For studies on the expression of recombinant DNA, linker fragments have been prepared which serve to introduce specific points of cleavage on the DNA as well as the protein level. Such linkers were designed for cyanogen bromide as well as for collagenase cleavage of fused proteins. The preparation was done according to the triester synthesis scheme using improved and simpler routes to functionalized dinucleotide building blocks. Field desorption mass spectrometry was used as a routine tool for the identification and control of the purity of these units.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 66-74 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Kinetic Investigations of the Pyrolysis of Mono-n-alkyl-cyclohexanesThe thermal decomposition of cyclohexane and six mono-n-alkylcyclohexanes was studied kinetically in a metallic laboratory tubular reactor at 650 to 850°C and atmospheric pressure.Kinetic parameters were found to be a function of length of the alkylic side chain. A comparison with analogous parameters of n-paraffins and the unsubstituted cyclohexane allowed the conclusion that C—C-scission in the alkylic chain is the initial reaction in pyrolysis of n-alkylcyclohexanes followed by radical attacks to all C—H-bonds of the feed molecules.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 811-822 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis and Properties of Trimethinecyanines with Bridged ChainsThe effects of meso-substituents (H, morpholino, ethoxy) and hydrocarbon bridges, on the light absorption and the electrochemical properties of trimethinecyanine dyes (4a--f, 8a-c 10a-f) are investigated. The results are in a good agreement with the predictions of the perturbation theory. Methods for the preparation of the dyes involving reaction of methylthio quaternary salts (1a, b) with enamines (2a, b) are described.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 326 (1984), S. 588-593 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Spin Trapping. I. Investigation of Radical Reactions of Some 3-Nitrono-6-oxocyclohexadienes by ESR-SpectroscopyThe title compounds (3, 4 and 5) add O- and C-centered radicals to the nitrono group to yield spin adducts containing a 4-oxo-cyclohexadienyl group in the α-position (6, 7 and 8). These new nitroxylradicals undergo α- and ß-scission. The nitroxyl radicals and the paramagnetic decomposition products were detected by esr-spectroscopy.Further, a more general way of radical-induced decomposition was discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 283-292 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the Pyrolysis of 1-14C-Pent-1-eneIn the thermal decomposition of 1-14C-pent-1-ene at 550 to 650°C a mixture of saturated and olefinic hydrocarbons ≤ C6 is formed. The reaction products were analyzed by gaschromatography, the distribution of radioactivity in the main products by radio gaschromatography.The results are discussed on the basis of a conventional radical reaction scheme including 1.4- and 1.5-H-shifts in intermediate alkyl and alkenyl radicals. The distribution of pyrolysis products and of their radioactivity allows a semiquantitative description of the complex decomposition of n-pent-1-en.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 326 (1984), S. 579-587 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of the 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-(N-tert.-butylnitrono)-phenoxyl RadicalThe title compound, a phenoxyl radical containing a nitrono group, reacts with alcohols and tert.-butylhydroperoxide yielding phenol and products of secondary radical solvent reactions. The reactions with lead tetraacetate, tert.-butoxy and 2-cyanoisopropyl radicals give high yields of cyclohexadienone adducts (6, 7 and 10) containing unchanged nitrono function. The reaction with dibenzoylperoxide, however, leads to the modification of the nitrono group yielding the N-benzoyloxycarboxamide (8). In the acidic decomposition of the tert.-butoxy radical adduct we suggest a nitrenium ion (16) as an intermediate.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 699-707 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the Pyrolysis of Pent-1-ene-4,4,5,5,5-d5The distribution of deuterium in the main products of thermal decomposition of pent-1-ene-4,4,5,5,5-d5 at 550 to 650°C was studied and interpreted. The results include conclusions on kinetic isotope effects, on relative reactivities of different C-H-bonds, on the proportion of terminal and nonterminal addition of methyl radicals, and on the importance of a radical isomerisation reaction. It was shown that the molecular decomposition (Retro-En-Reaction) cannot successfully compete with the radical way in the temperature range above 600°C
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 375-381 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the Pyrolysis of Pent-1-ene-3,3-d2The distribution of deuterium in the main products of the thermal decomposition of pent-1-ene-3,3-d2 at 550 to 650°C was studied and interpreted. The results include conclusions on kinetic isotope effects, on relative reactivities of different C—H-bonds, and on the importance of nonterminal radical addition. It is shown that butadiene-d2 detected in the isotopically labeled butadiene fraction is a reliable target molecule for the homoallylic rearrangement of the pent-1-ene-4-yl-3,3-d2 radical.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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