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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 16 (1982), S. 381-398 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Numerous hypotheses exist to explain observed blood-materials interactions. It is the purpose of this article to test two popular hypotheses, namely, the minimum interfacial free energy hypothesis and the optimum polar/apolar ratio hypothesis. Methacrylate polymers and copolymers were characterized using the captive bubble underwater contact angle method; bulk water content was determined by gravimetric methods; streaming potential measurements were made; and surface roughness and possible particulate contamination were evaluated by reflected light microscopy. In vitro blood tests include whole blood clotting time measurements on polymer-coated tubes; centrifugal force platelet adhesion on polymer-coated coverslips; and a measure of the partial thromboplastin time, Russell's viper venom time (Stypven time), and the prothrombin time of native whole blood exposed to polymer-coated microscope slides. Results suggest that platelet adhesion correlates in the opposite direction of whole blood clotting time and partial thromboplastin time, emphasizing the need for a multiparameter approach to blood-materials testing. Based on these tests the minimum interfacial free energy hypothesis is not supported. In fact, the data suggest the opposite to be true. It is apparent that platelet adhesion can be a misleading indicator of blood compatibility. Neither hypotheses can explain the apparent conflict between the platelet adhesion data and the coagulation time data.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A ground based search for the 856.50137/cm R(9.5) and for the 859.76765 R(12.5) transitions of stratospheric (Cl-35)O was made in the solar absorption mode using an infrared heterodyne spectrometer. Lines due to stratospheric HNO3 and tropospheric OCS were detected, at about 0.3% absorption levels. The expected lines of ClO in this same region were not detected, even though the optical depth of the ClO lines should be on the order of 0.2% using currently accepted ClO abundances. These infrared measurements suggest that stratospheric ClO is at least a factor of 7 less abundant than is indicated by indirect in situ fluorescence measurements, and the upper limit of 2.4x10 to the 13th power molecules/sq cm to the integrated column density of ClO is a factor of over 4 less than is indicted by microwave measurements. Results imply that the release of fluorocarbon precursors of ClO may be significantly less important for the destruction of stratospheric ozone than was previously thought.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-83939 , NAS 1.15:83939
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A computer automated data acquisition system for atmospheric emittance, and global solar, downwelled diffuse solar, and direct solar irradiances is discussed. Hourly-integrated global solar and atmospheric emitted radiances were measured continuously from February 1981 and hourly-integrated diffuse solar and direct solar irradiances were measured continuously from October 1981. One-minute integrated data are available for each of these components from February 1982. The results of the correlation of global insolation with fractional cloud cover for the first year's data set. A February data set, composed of one-minute integrated global insolation and direct solar irradiance, cloud cover fractions, meteorological data from nearby weather stations, and GOES East satellite radiometric data, was collected to test the theoretical model of satellite radiometric data correlation and develop the cloud dependence for the local measurement site.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-169272 , NAS 1.26:169272
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Contours and gridded values are given for seven years of monthly mean total ozone data derived from observations with the Backscattered Ultraviolet instrument on Nimbus-4 for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The instrument, algorithm, uncertainties in derived ozone and systematic changes in the bias with respect to the international groundbased ozone network of Dobson instruments, are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-RP-1098 , NAS 1.61:1098 , REPT-82F0128-VOL-1
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 28 (1982), S. 514-515 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 28 (1982), S. 765-772 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A generalized mathematical model is developed to describe the process of multicomponent adsorption on activated carbon in fixed beds. Numerical, finite difference, solutions for the adsorption of binary, and ternary organic mixtures are shown to satisfactorily match previously published experimental data.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 28 (1982), S. 199-207 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A series of seven coals of different ranks and from various locations were heated in an inert atmosphere under relatively mild conditions to measure the rates of gas evaporation. Samples crushed to various fractions in the particle size range -6+50 U.S. mesh were studied at temperatures in the range of 150 to 300°C. The results show that: (1) most water is released at 100°C, evidently an evaporation process, (2) CO2 is evolved at 150°C and above, and (3) CO is evolved at 250°C and above. An interpretive model was developed to fit the CO2 production rate and kinetic constants were obtained. Gas evolution rates are independent of particle size for the most porous coals, but vary among coals, depending on both chemical composition and physical structure. A 15% loss in heating value was incurred during drying and subsequent oxidation when the pretreatment temperature was increased from 150 to 225°C.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 127-141 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Isoelectric soya-protein precipitate densities were measured for mean particle sizes ranging from 3.4-65 μm by gradient centrifugation, centrifugation in water-immiscible solvents, tracerdilution, gravity sedimentation of isolated particles. Coulter counter volume determination, and a comparison of Coulter counter and centrifugal sedimentation size distributions. The immiscible system and tracer dilution methods were both found to be unreliable due to experimental uncertainties. The Coulter counter volume measurement indicated the existence of a density-size relationship with the aggregate density decreasing as the size increased. Comparison with sedimentation measurements showed that the Coulter counter measures 80% of the total aggregate volume for 6-μm particles. The relation between aggregate density (ρa, kg m -3) and size (d, μm) was measured for isoelectric soya protein and casein precipitated by ammonium sulfate, using a comparison of the Coulter counter size distribution and centrifugal sedimentation. The functions were described for soya by \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \rho _a - 1004 = 246d^{ - 0.408} $$\end{document} and for casein by \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \rho _a - 1136 = 31d^{ - 0.441} $$\end{document} The gradient centrifugation method measured the buoyant density of hydrated protein precipitate which was independent of size, and is consistent with an aggregate structure consisting of primary particles. However, the aggregate structure was not described for all sizes by the theoretical cubic packing of hard-sphere primary particles, nor by the successive random addition of primary particles. The density-size functions indicated up to a fivefold difference in Stokes settling velocities compared to those calculated assuming a constant density difference.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 847-856 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The accuracy of kinetic and stoichiometric data obtained from most laboratory-scale continuous-culture equipment, particularly involving gaseous measurements, may be much lower than many workers realize, despite the use of good quality instruments. For example, errors in specific oxygen uptake measurements (QO2) easily can be as high as ±100%. This article assesses the accuracies of individual instruments and of the overall system in greater detail than has previously been reported and suggestions are made as to how the errors can be reduced to acceptable levels.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 33 (1982), S. 155-163 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Triphenylmethanfarben als Korrosionsinhibitoren für Aluminium-Kupfer-Legierungen in SalzsäureDie Inhibierung der Korrosion von Aluminium B 26 S in Salzsäure durch Triphenylmethan-, Anthrachinon- und Acridinfarben wurde unter Berücksichtigung von Säurekonzentration, Inhibitordosierung, Versuchsdauer und Temperatur untersucht. Im allgemeinen nimmt bei konstanter Säurekonzentration der Hemmwert von Malachitgrün, Methylviolett 6 B and „light green“ mit der Inhibitorkonzentration zu, während der von Fuchsinbase und Kristallviolett mit zunchmender lnhibitorkonzcntration geringer wird. Bei konstanter Inhibitorkonzentration nimmt andererseits die Wirksamkeit aller untersuchten Verbindungen (mit Ausnahme von Methylviolett 6 B und Acridinorange) mit steigender Säurekonzentration zu. Der Hemmwert aller untersuchten Verbindungen steigt im Temperaturbereich 20-50°C mit der Temperatur, während kein Einfluß der Versuchsdauer zu erkennen ist. Bei einer lnhibitorkonzentration von 0,1% in 0,5 M Salzsäure nimmt der Hemmwert in der folgenden Reihe zu: Fuchsinsäure (32%) 〈 Acridinorange 〈 Fuchsinbase (39%) 〈 Alizarinrot S (46%) 〈 Methylviolett 6 B (50%) 〈 Malachitgrun (64%) 〈 Kristallviolett (70%) 〈 „light green“ (80%).Die Wirkung der Inhibitoren scheint durch Absorption nach einer Langmuir-Adsorptionsisotherme bedingt zu sein. Das wird durch die Korrosionspotentiale bestätigt; allerdings dürfte bei galvanostatischer Polarisation die Kathode bevorzugt polarisiert werden.
    Notes: The inhibition of the corrosion of B 26 S aluminium in HCl solutions by triphenylmethane, anthraquinoid and acridine dyes has been studied in relation to the concentration of acid and inhibitor, duration of immersion and temperature. In general, at constant acid concentration, the inhibiting efficiency of malachite green, methyl violet 6 B and light green increases, whereas that of fuchsine base and crystal violet decreases as the inhibitor concentration increases. At constant inhibitor concentration the efficiency of all the compounds except methyl violet 6 B and acridine orange increases with increasing acid concentration. The inhibitive efficiency of all the compounds increases with temperature in the range 20-50°C, but no dependence can be recognized on the duration of immersion. At an inhibitor concentration of 0.1% in 0.5 M HCl the efficiency increases in the order: fuchsine acid (32%) 〈 acridine orange ≤ fuchsine base (39%) 〈 alizarin red S (46%) 〈 methyl violet 6 B (50%) 〈 malachite green (64%) 〈 crystal violet (70%) 〈 light green (80%).The inhibitors appear to function through adsorption following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. From the corrosion potentials the inhibitors appear to function through general adsorption but under galvanostatic polarisation conditions, the cathode appears to be preferentially polarised.
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