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  • Chemistry  (2)
  • thermal decomposition
  • 2000-2004  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 63 (2000), S. 559-564 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: asymmetric dimethylhydrazine ; hydrazine monohydrate ; propellant ; thermal decomposition ; vapour pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Engine Viking of Ariane 4 is supplied with asymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) (CH3)2NNH2. An addition of a small amount of hydrazine hydrate N2H4×H2O was proposed to increase the thermal stability of UDMH. The mixture where the mass ratio (CH3)2NNH2/N2H4×H2O is equals to 75/25, is called UH25. These propelling agents are unstable when they are heated and the optimisation of burning conditions requires a good knowledge of their vaporisation and of their thermal decomposition kinetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 62 (2000), S. 711-714 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: ergol ; monomethylhydrazine ; thermal decomposition ; vapour pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Monomethylhydrazine (MMH) (CH3)NHNH2 is currently used as fuel for spacecraft engine combustion chambers. The Aestus engine of the upper stage of Ariane 5 is fed with MMH under pressure of 16 bars. The propellant, initially at room temperature, is about 393 K when introduced into the combustion chamber, due to heating up through the regenerative circuit. As MMH is unstable above 373 K, it has been necessary to check its decomposition rate and vapor pressure under such conditions. The vapor pressure of this propellant has been measured in a pressure vessel and the thermal decomposition rate was determined with the same device up to 500 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography ; thermal desorption modulator ; temperature programming ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---In comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography, two individual separations are coupled by means of a rotating thermal desorption modulator interface. The injection pulse introduced via the interface onto the second column should be as short as possible. Parameters affecting the modulator operation are studied. In the set-up used in this study, the temperature of the second column can be programmed independently from that of the first column. Optimization of the second-dimension separation to minimize peak broadening and maximize resolution is discussed and an elegant approach to determine second-dimension retention times using a non-constant modulation frequency is demonstrated. The high separation power of the comprehensive system is demonstrated by the analysis of technical and biota samples containing chlorinated biphenyls and toxaphene.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: μLC ; FID ; LC-FID ; carbohydrates ; amino acids ; alcohols ; phosphonic acids ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The potential of the on-line coupling of microcolumn liquid chromatography (μLC) using aqueous eluents with a flame ionization detector (FID) was evaluated. An eluent-jet interface was modified to allow the efficient introduction of the eluent into the FID. The potential of the method is demonstrated by the μLC-FID determination of lower alcohols and bis(2-hydroxyethylthio)alkanes on porous and non-porous stationary phases, respectively. Flow injection analysis (FIA)-FID experiments with highly polar, thermolabile, semi-volatile and non-volatile compounds like amino acids, organic acids, alkylphosphonic acids, and carbohydrates showed the developed configuration to be a promising approach for the detection of a wide range of analytes. Compared with a nebulization interface, the eluent-jet interface showed 4-10 times higher peaks for citric acid. Detection limits by FIA for all compounds were in the range of 0.2-5 ng injected. With ribose as test compound, plots of peak height vs. amount injected showed good linearity (r2 〉 0.999) in the range of 75-12,000 μg/mL. The repeatability showed relative standard deviations of less than 5%.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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