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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 11 (1965), S. 334-339 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Lydersen-Greenkorn-Hougen (L-G-H) charts correlating the isothermal pressure effects on enthalpy for pure compounds based on a modified corresponding states principle have been improved with the aid of reliable literature data. To facilitate machine computations, the improved charts, divided into the superheated vapor region, the subcooled liquid region, the saturated vapor, and the saturated liquid lines, have been expressed in analytical forms. This correlation reproduces the literature enthalpy data including those in the critical region for pure compounds with an average deviation of about 5 B.t.u./lb. It can also be used for the estimation of enthalpies of nonpolar mixtures with satisfactory results.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 13 (1967), S. 824-825 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 19 (1973), S. 862-863 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 520-522 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 12 (1966), S. 95-99 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A generalized equation explicitly relating reduced density to reduced temperature and reduced pressure has been developed for calculating liquid densities of pure compounds on a digital computer. The analytical formulation is based mainly on a modified corresponding states principle and the graphical correlation of Lydersen, Greenkorn, and Hougen. The calculated densities from the equation reproduce the literature data within 2% for sixty-two saturated liquids and nineteen compressed liquids.With the aid of a pseudocritical method and a generalized equation of vapor pressure, the same equation is readily applied to the estimation of liquid mixture densities. The method of Prausnitz and Gunn is chosen for the evaluation of pseudocritical constants. For fifteen binary systems, one ternary system, and one quinary system, the one hundred fifty-nine calculated densities agree with the literature data to within 3%. This method is limited to pseudoreduced temperatures less than 1.0.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 13 (1967), S. 41-44 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new freezing process for the desalination of seawater is being developed which utilizes a unique way of upgrading heat energy where there is no gas phase involved. This method takes advantage of the abnormal melting point curve of water. Water melts at a lower temperature under a higher applied pressure (that is, (dp/dT) melting 〈 0), while an ordinary substance melts at a higher temperature under a higher applied pressure (that is, (dP/dT) melting 〉 0). Due to this differnce a substance which melts at a temperature lower than the freezing point of an aqueous solution may melt at a temperature higher than the melting point of water at a sufficiently high pressure.Thus, a suitably selected working medium can be used to form a cyclic auxiliary system which can be incorporated with the main system to: remove the heat of crystallization of water in the partial freezing of an aqueous solution by melting the working medium at a low pressure, and to supply the heat for melting the ice by solidifying the working medium at a sufficiently high pressure.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 13 (1967), S. 438-442 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In a high-pressure process, feed streams are continually pressurized and product streams are continually depressurized. A flow work exchanger offers an efficient and economical scheme for simultaneously pressurizing a fluid stream and depressurizing a substantially equivalent volume of another fluid stream. Its applicability is however limited to fluids under condensed state. A flow work exchanger uses a displacement vessel to form a closed loop with a processing system. The displacement vessel is alternately filled by a low-pressure feed and a high-pressure product, both pressurized and depressurized, respectively, by substantially nonflow processes. The pressurized feed is pushed into the processing system by the high-pressure product stream and the depressurized product stream is pushed out of the displacement vessel by the low-pressure feed stream. The application of a flow work exchanger is illustrated by means of several high-pressure processes and the direct and indirect advantages obtainable are described.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 910-915 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An investigation is carried out to determine the onset of convection of a horizontal layer of liquid subject to temperature of T1 and T2 at lower and upper surfaces, respectively. The liquid is assumed to possess a maximum density value at Tmax with Tmax between T1 and T2. The temperature-density relationship within the temperature range |T1  -  T2| can be expressed as ρ = ρmax [1  -  γ1 (T  -  Tmax)2  -  γ2 (T  -  Tmax)3].Both rigid-rigid and rigid-free surface conditions were considered. The critical Rayleigh number defined in Equations (20) and (24) is found to be dependent upon two parameters.Experimental observations on the onset of convection were made and compared with the theoretical results. The experimental work consists of the measurement of the melting rate of a block of ice with melting from both below and above. In all cases, excellent agreement between experimental and theoretical results were obtained.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 8 (1962), S. 34-38 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The transfer of mass, heat, and momentum past a single sphere, 2.02 in. in diameter, was experimentally investigated for the turbulent flow of air between NRe = 1,750 and NRe = 8,922. The data resulting for the vaporization of water from the spherical surface verify the existence of the analogy between mass and heat transfer.Measurements were made to account for the total drag and form drag of the sphere. The total drag was obtained by directly accounting for the force exerted, while the form drag was determined from static pressure measurements around the surface of the sphere. The resulting friction factors for total drag f and for form drag fp were found to be of the same order of magnitude, thus making it impossible to account for the friction factor due to shear drag at these Reynolds numbers. Consequently it is not possible to determine if the analogy between mass and heat transfer can be extended to include the transfer of momentum for flow past single spheres at these conditions, although the results of this study cast considerable doubt on such an extension of this analogy.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 13 (1967), S. 528-534 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new way of promoting a nonspontaneous process, namely, a built-in engine, is introduced showing that a process with a large temperature coefficient of free energy change [that is, d(ΔG)T,P/dT] can be utilized to promote a nonspontaneous process which has a small temperature coefficient of free energy change. When such a built-in engine is incorporated into an evaporating system, heat reuse in the system can be obtained under a constant total pressure condition.An auxiliary system consisting of two organic substances which are partially miscible in a certain temperature range and have a critical solution temperature can be used to serve as a built-in engine. One substance is added to the boiling mass of an evaporator to lower its boiling temperature, and the other is added to the condensing side to raise the temperature of the condensing mass. Heat of condensation can be effectively utilized in evaporating the boiling mass. Regeneration of the auxiliary system is achieved by taking advantage of the solubility gap.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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