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  • Chemical Engineering  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 951-958 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Models are developed for isothermal desorption in a fixed bed of adsorbent particles. While more general models require numerical solution of the governing equations, two practically important cases have analytical solutions: (1) an equilibrium desorption model where the rate of desorption is controlled by external and intraparticle mass transfer; and (2) a kinetic model where external and intraparticle mass transfer and a first-order irreversible desorption step control the overall process.Recent experimental data (Tan and Liou, 1988) for the desorption of ethyl acetate from activated carbon with supercritical carbon dioxide are found to fit the local-equilibrium model. Data for the effect of temperature on fractions desorbed indicate a reversal of the temperature dependence of the adsorption isotherm as the supercritical pressure is increased. This phenomenon is analogous to the observed cross-over region for the effect of temperature on the solubility of a solid at supercritical conditions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 1839-1847 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Rates of hydration of isobutene were measured with Amberlyst-15 catalyst particles in a differential, liquid-full recycle reactor operating at atmospheric pressure and 303 to 333 K. Catalysts pretreated in two different ways were studied. Liquid-to-particle mass transfer had a small but measurable effect on the rate. Intraparticle diffusion was more significant, as indicated by effectiveness factors from 0.26 for the larger catalyst particles (dp = 1.04 × 10-3 m) at 333 K to 0.84 for the smaller particles (dp = 0.45 × 10-3 m) at 303 K. The intrinsic rate was first-order in isobutene concentration with an activation energy of 67 kJ/mol. The intraparticle diffusion resistance is due to the macropores surrounding the very small gel-type microparticles of which the particles were composed.Some data were obtained for reaction rates in trickle-bed operation. Global rates were somewhat lower in the trickle-bed operation than in the liquid-full runs. Using the previously determined intrinsic kinetics and effectiveness factors, the liquid-to-particle mass transfer coefficients could be approximated for the trickle-bed operation.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 33 (1987), S. 996-1007 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reaction rates for the hydration of isobutene were measured at 323 K and atmospheric pressure in a trickle-bed reactor over a sixfold range of liquid rates. Three widely different feed conditions were used to vary the effect of mass transfer and wetting efficiency. The effect of wetting efficiency on the rate was analyzed using the additive procedure of Tan and Smith. The results showed that mass transfer from liquid to particle, wetting efficiency, and intraparticle kinetics all influenced the total rate, but that the gas-to-liquid mass transfer resistance was unimportant. Most of the resultant values of wetting efficiency and liquid-to-mass transfer coefficients were a little lower than literature values. This may be due to the high surface tension of our aqueous system. The derived total rate equations agreed well with the experimental rates, suggesting that the additive procedure is a satisfactory method of accounting for wetting efficiency.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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