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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Moisture penetration into composites under external stress (1981)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 2 (1981), S. 132-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Moisture penetration at 95°C into glass fiber and graphite fiber-reinforced epoxies is examined in stressed and unstressed materials. The study focuses on the effect of the angle between the stress and the fiber directions on the diffusivities. It is found that the consequence of applying external stresses to composites is an increase in their rate of moisture absorption, their maximum moisture content, and in the diffusion coefficients. As the angle between the loading and fiber directions in increased the rate and the maximum value of moisture absorption also increase. Their ratio, however, remains constant resulting in loading angle independence of the exposure of the composites to water produces a typical damage mechanism which enhances moisture take-up.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750020310
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress dependence of the coefficient of moisture diffusion in composite materials (1985)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 6 (1985), S. 9-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A model for the effect of external loading on diffusion into the bulk resin matrix of unidirectional composite materials is proposed. The model attributes the effect to a change in the free volume of the resin matrix, which is equal to its volume strain. The latter is calculated by substracting the volume strain of the fibers from that of the composite. The ratio of the diffusion coefficients in the stressed and unstressed states is expressed as a function of the stress level, the volume fraction of the fibers, and the angle between the applied stress and the fiber direction. Calculations for a glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites are presented.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750060103
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Swelling and hygroelasticiiy of polymeric composites (1977)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 17 (1977), S. 799-802 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Investigated are the swelling and hygroelasticity of a unidirectional glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composite subjected to boiling water for 24 hrs. By analogy with thermoelasticity, a coefficient of hygroelasticity is defined and shown to be predictable from the coefficients of the constituent materials by Schapery's equations. A mechanism for water penetration into the composite which combines capillarity and diffusion is proposed on the basis of the results of the water take-up as a function of the composite specimen width (fiber length).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760171107
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A proposal for a coefficient of hygroelasticity (1978)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 18 (1978), S. 1001-1005 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Swelling and hygroelasticity of polymers are discussed in terms of a coefficient of hygroelasticity defined here by analogy with the coefficient of thermal expansion. The relationship between the proposed coefficient and the mechanical properties of the material and the stresses which develop in it is established. The relationship provides means for predicting the lifetime of the polymer under conditions similar to those used for measuring the coefficient of hygroelasticity. The experimentally examined behaviors of two systems, polyester-boiling water and epoxy-methylene chloride at 18°C, are in reasonable agreement with the predictions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760181305
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of cushioning properties of plastic foams from compressive measurements (1981)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 21 (1981), S. 1010-1014 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Evaluation criteria for the cushioning properties of plastic foams were developed on the basis of their stress-strain curves. The energy-absorption efficiency and ideality parameters have maxima when plotted against stress. The maximum in the efficiency curve represents the strain range where maximum energy is absorbed by the foam at the corresponding stress; the higher and flatter this maximum, the better the cushioning properties of the foam. The maximum in the ideality curve represents the range where the foam transmits a constant force to the packaged product. Two flexible polyurethane foams and two semirigid bonded polyurethane chipfoams were evaluated by the proposed method.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760211505
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anisotropic hygroelastic behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate) under case II diffusion (1982)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 22 (1982), S. 870-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The hygroelastic behavior of polymers, in which the diffusion mechanism is characterized by a sharp advancing boundary between the swollen shell and the core, was studied. A highly anisotropic swelling response was observed. The an-isotropy of the swelling strains was caused by the mechanical constraints exerted by the stiff core on the penetrated shell. The swollen systems were viewed as analogous to a composite material comprising a stiff fiber embedded hi a soft matrix. The size and relative dimensions of the core were found to be the crucial factor determining the antsotropic response en-countered. The experimental system employed was of poly(methyl methacrylate).
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760221404
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