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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrometallurgical Extraction and Reclamation. By E. Jackson, Ellis Horwood Limited, Halsted Press, Chichester, 1986, 266 pp., $4 1.95 (1987)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 33 (1987), S. 1580-1580 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690330923
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design considerations for tubular reactors with highly exothermic reactions (1992)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 1729-1743 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Practical guidelines are required for the design and operation of complicated catalytic packed-bed reactors. Primary among design considerations is the avoidance of operating regions of high parametric sensitivity, in which small changes in operating conditions can lead to thermal runaway in the reactor. Existing criteria for predicting these regions rely on complex mathematical formulations for differential sensitivity between input and output variables. The present work centers on the development of practical design criteria for avoiding reactor instability and temperature sensitivity in multitubular packed-bed reactors. A set of simple guidelines is proposed for the sizing of reactors and proper selection of operating conditions. The implications of these open-loop sensitivities for a controlled reactor are investigated. It is shown through simulation studies that violation of the proposed criteria leads to control problems and difficulty in operating at the design point.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690381106
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of a control-law nonlinearity measure to the chemical reactor analysis (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 425-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The optimal control structure has been introduced as a design tool to measure the control-law nonlinearity of a given process design. In this context, control-law nonlinearity is the optimal degree of nonlinear compensation in the controller, a system property distinct from open-loop nonlinearity and determined by a performance objective and the region of operation as well as the nature of the open-loop system. This approach is extended to the analysis of multivariable systems with output feedback through the application of an extended Kalman filter. Coherence estimation is used as a practical method to measure continuous, open-loop multivariable system nonlinearity. The CSTR with van de Vusse kinetics, a system that features output feedback and a controllaw nonlinearity that changes with operating points, is analyzed. The optimal control structure approach with coherence estimation correctly indicates changes in the controllaw linearity between different operating points and changes as the regions of operation change around a particular operating point.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690430216
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LP methods in MPC of large-scale systems: Application to paper-machine CD control (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 1016-1031 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An application of a linear-programming based model-predictive control strategy to the paper-machine cross-direction (CD) control problem is presented. The objective of CD control is to maintain flat profiles of variables of interest by minimizing worst-case deviations from setpoints (defects). These control problems can have as many as 200 actuatiors (inputs) and 400 sensor measurements (outputs). This large size coupled with the stringent real-time requiremnt of computing a control move in a few seconds poses a very challenging control problem. The LP-based strategy is particularly well suited for solving such classes of control problems. This strategy has demonstrated its ability to solve large-scale control problems (over 100 inputs and 100 outputs) in real time and exhibits robustness to model uncertainty.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690430416
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization reactor control using autoregressive-plus Volterra-based MPC (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 1763-1784 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A nonlinear model-predictive control scheme based on the autoregressive-plus Volterra model is proposed. A “plant-friendly,” yet persistently exciting, input sequence is designed for model identification. A second feature of this work is that the control action is determined by solving a less computationally burdensome nonlinear programming problem than the optimization problems associated with Newton-type controllers and polynomial ARMA model nonlinear MPC. A third contribution is that semiglobal closed-loop stability conditions are derived and are shown to be less conservative than those previously published. The control scheme is shown to outperform a feedback strategy using proportional integral control and a linear model-predictive control design for the control of two polymerization reactor case studies. The complex features of the latter case study [multivarible (3 × 3), recycle loop, high-order (24) dynamics] motivate the applicability of this approach for industrial problems.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690430713
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fundamental continuous-pulp-digester model for simulation and control (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 3175-3192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model of a continuous digester was developed as an extension of the well-known Purdue model. A lumped-parameter approximation is used to describe the flow transport mechanism of the digester, and a model based on the fundamental principles of mass and energy is derived. Mass bases and volume fractions are defined to allow fewer simplifying assumptions in the model derivation than in previous model versions. The steady-state profiles and dynamic responses of the digester model are compared with a previous version of the Purdue model, and the significant differences between the two models are highlighted. The digester model is also compared to the Weyerhaeuser benchmark digester model, and a parametric sensitivity analysis to several model parameters is performed. Physical explanations are given for the demonstrated model behaviors. Model implementation is straightforward, making it useful for process control, optimization and design studies.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690431206
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Moldability of plastics based on melt rheology. Part II - practical applications (1963)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 3 (1963), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An expression for the “average” viscosity of a polymeric material realized during an injection molding shot is developed. From this expression certain rheological quantities are taken which should better express ease of molding than do conventional testing methods. Comparison is made between actual molding experience and quality as predicted by the new method.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760030109
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cure history on dynamic mechanical properties of an epoxy resin (1979)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 19 (1979), S. 683-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of cure history on the dynamic thermomechanical properties of a high temperature curing epoxy resin has been studied using torsional braid analysis. In isothermal cures “full cure” is not possible except at temperatures above the maximum glass transition temperature (Tg) of the cured resin, hence the necessity of a “post-cure” after lower temperature isothermal cures. The highest Tg and maximum cross-linking in the cured resin was for a linear heating rate of 0.05°C/min from 30 to 200°C; higher heating rates lead to lower glass transition temperatures.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760191006
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time-temperature cure behavior of epoxy based structural adhesives (1979)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 19 (1979), S. 687-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Time/temperature cure profile diagrams of a nylon-epoxy adhesive and a rubber-modified epoxy based structural adhesive have been established from isothermal-cure time torsional braid analysis measurements. The characteristic zones of liquid, gel-rubber and glassy state behavior are noted on the diagrams. With the nylon-epoxy adhesive, the time/temperature cure profile is ill-defined since all the TBA data had to be obtained (due to the particular curing agent involved) at isothermal conditions above the glass temperature of the finally cured adhesive. In comparison, the rubber-modified epoxy system showed distinct zones reflecting the various rheological states traversed during the thermosetting process. The dynamic mechanical. (Rheovibron), morphology, and adhesive joint strength properties are examined as a function of cure cycle.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760191007
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear control of a high-purity distillation column using a traveling-wave model (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 703-714 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The trade-off between model accuracy and computation tractability for model-based control applications is well known. While nonlinear models are needed to capture the detailed behavior of many chemical processes, the resultant structures may not lead to straightforward control implementation. The current work advocates the use of low-order nonlinear models based on wave propagation that are mathematically concise and capture the essential nonlinear behavior of a process. In this work, differential geometry is invoked to achieve input-output linearization of a high-purity distillation column based on a traveling-wave model. A Kalman filter is used to recursively update the parameter values. Comparison with a linear controller based on a two-time constant model shows that the nonlinear controller outperforms the linear controller in tight control of both the overhead and the bottoms composition.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690430316
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