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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of diffusion coefficient using a closed capillary technique (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 365-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690400215
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fickian diffusion in binary mixtures that form two liquid phases (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 42 (1996), S. 910-920 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: New data on the variation of the diffusion coefficient with concentration in binary nonideal liquid mixtures are presented. The diffusion coefficients were measured with laser holography with an improved analysis procedure and are primarily in systems that form two liquid phases. The results show that for such systems the diffusion coefficient is constant if a chemical-potential driving force is used. If, however, the miscibility gap is wide, the Schreiner equation (Schreiner, 1922) is shown to be more accurate than relations that consider the variation of viscosity. Cluster theories developed for diffusion behavior near critical points were found to explain the data well only in water-organic systems on the water-rich side.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690420403
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axial dispersion in pulsed-, perforated-plate extraction columns (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1845-1855 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Continuous-phase backmixing coefficients have been determined by continuous tracer injection for pulsed-plate extraction columns of 72-, 152- and 300-mm-diameter. Both single-phase water and two-phase kerosene-water were studied in all three columns, together with four other solvent-water systems in the smallest column; in all cases, water was the continuous phase. Evidence of maldistribution of the phases was obtained in the largest column. The backmixing coefficient was found to increase with column diameter in single-phase operation, but was diameter-independent in the two-phase case. Alternative correlations of the data were based on dimensional analysis and on a physical model, respectively. The influence of different systems was accounted for in the latter in terms of droplet size and terminal velocity, dispersed phase holdup, and density difference. Qualitative color tracer tests on the dispersed phase gave no evidence of backmixing of this phase, although strong forward dispersion was observed in the emulsion regime.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690351111
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass transfer and axial dispersion in a Kühni extraction column (1991)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 37 (1991), S. 694-704 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Concentration profiles were determined in both phases for the system methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) - water-acetic acid in a Kühni 72.45-mm-dia. Extraction column of 25 stages. Mass transfer and backmixing parameters were estimated numerically from the profiles in terms of the backflow model. The results indicated that backmixing of the continuous phase was appreciable, while that of the dispersed phase was negligible. Independent values of the continuous-phase backmixing coefficient, αc, were also determined by both unsteady-state and continuous tracer injection, in the former case both with and without mass transfer. The results indicated that αc is increased by mass transfer, and that the tracer values, both with and without mass transfer, are greater than those obtained from the profile data.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690370508
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Droplet coalescence and breakage rates in a packed liquid extraction column: A reassessment of the data (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 2079-2082 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690321218
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of enzyme-pH electrodes (1987)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 33 (1987), S. 558-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical framework useful for predicting the steady state response of enzyme-pH electrodes is developed. The model takes into account that the catalytic activity of the enzymes as well as the degree of dissociation of the product acids and bases is strongly dependent upon the local pH, and that buffering salts present in solution facilitate the transport of H+ ions. It is shown that the electrode should operate under substrate diffusion-limited conditions and the concentration of H+ ions should not have steep variations within the enzymic membrane. This condition can be fulfilled by adjusting the buffer concentration in the bulk solution. In the latter conditions the electrode response does not depend on the actual kinetics of the enzymic reaction, and can be predicted by an algebraic equation. The predictions are in excellent agreement with the experiments on penicillinase-pH and urease-pH electrodes.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690330405
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incipient three phase distillation: Experimental tray composition profiles (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1199-1202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350716
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A semiempirical solution for local heat transfer coefficients for flow in nonparallel passageways (1956)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 2 (1956), S. 271-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method, based upon the pertinent flat-plate heat transfer equation, is presented for computing the local heat transfer coefficients for a boundary layer subjected to streamwise velocity and pressure gradients. No extensive mathematical background is required as the complexity of a rigorous solution for this type of problem is avoided. The validity of the method for gases is demonstrated by comparison of the predicted coeffcients with the experimental data for two widely different problems.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690020226
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Composition change in binary-component spray vaporization at atmospheric pressure (1956)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 2 (1956), S. 555-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper describes an investigation of the factors affecting the change in composition with vaporization of a binary-component spray in heated air at atmospheric pressure. The behavior of the system orthodichlorobenzene-tetrachloroethylene was studied in air ranging from 400° to 1,000°F. Initial drop diameters in the sprays were in the 20- to 400-µ range. The experimental data obtained indicated that the rate of change of spray composition during vaporization was affected only by the chamber-air temperature, the initial feed composition, and the nozzle characteristics.Equations are presented which mathematically describe the vaporization process, liquid diffusion being assumed within the drop controls. These equations have been solved by a stepwise procedure for three initial drop sizes. Results of these calculations have been added statistically according to the initial-drop-size distribution in order to predict the vaporization behavior of the spray. Details of this process of statistical combination have been summarized by Culverwell (1).The calculations agreed with the experimental data previously obtained during the first 5 in. of nozzle-to-tray travel. After 5 in. the deviation was great. Future experimental work to determine more precise values of drop-size distribution, initial drop velocity, and liquid diffusion coefficient may result in more complete agreement.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690020425
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discrete dynamic optimization applied to on-line optimal control (1968)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 14 (1968), S. 85-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A general method has been developed for controlling deterministic systems described by linear or linearized dynamics. The discrete problem has been treated in detail. Step-by-step optimal controls for a quadratic performance index have been derived. The method accommodates upper and lower limits on the components of the control vector.A small binary distillation unit was considered as a typical application of the method. The control vector was made up of feed rate, reflux ratio, and reboiler heat load. Control to a desired state and about a load upset was effected.Calculations are performed quite rapidly and only grow significantly with an increase in the dimension of the control vector. Extension to much larger distillation units with the same controls thus seems practical.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690140117
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