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  • Chemical Engineering  (300)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1970-1974  (300)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Simulation of the mold-filling process (1974)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 14 (1974), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The transport equations for a power law fluid are used to solve the transient and non-isothermal problem of filling a disk-shaped cavity. Using the results obtained it is possible to predict gate pressures, fill times and short shots. Furthermore, the velocity and temperature fields can be obtained throughout the filling process. This information specifies the formation of a frozen surface layer during filling. Rigid PVC was primarily used in the simulations, but some results are also given for linear polyethylene, nylon 6-6, ABS and polystyrene.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760140311
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Parameter estimation from transient rate data (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 1073-1076 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180534
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Differential thermal analysis using high frequency dielectric heating III. A mathematical model for predicting radial temperature gradients in the dielectric heating of polymersPart I of this series starts on page 57 and Part II, on page 64. (1971)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 70-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: A mathematical model has been developed to predict radial temperature gradients in polymers during dielectric heating. The time-temperature model includes parameters for rate of dielectric heating, thermal conductivity, density, heat capacity, surface coefficient of heat transfer, and sample radius. The application of this model was checked experimentally on a 2-in. cylinder of cured polyisoprene.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110112
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rheological behavior of two-phase polymer melts (1972)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 12 (1972), S. 81-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Rheological behavior of dispersed two-phase polymer melts has been investigated by means of a capillary rheometer. The two-phase systems chosen for study were blends of two polymers: high-density polyethylene and polystyrene, which are incompatible in the molten state. In order to investigate the state of dispersion, photographs were taken of the microstructure of extrudate samples, showing that the polystyrene forms long fibers or droplets as a discrete phase dispersed in the polyethylene which forms a continuous phase. Measurements were made of the axial pressure distributions of the two-phase molten polymers flowing through circular tubes, which permit one, according to the theory advanced by Han, to determine viscous and elastic properties of the melts. Also measured was melt die swell ratio. It has been found from the two independent experimental techniques that there exist a maximum and/or minimum elastic property at a certain blending ratio, and that the elastic property decreases first with L/D ratio of a capillary and then levels off.
    Zusätzliches Material: 23 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760120203
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A rheological study of aqueous separan solutions (1974)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 14 (1974), S. 16-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The concentration dependence of the rheological response of aqueous Separan solutions was measured. The shear and primary normal stress response in steady shearing flow, and the relaxation of shear stress following cessation of steady shear flow, were measured with four different polymer solution concentrations. Two different nonlinear constitutive equations, Bird-Carreau and Meister, were used to analyse the data. The Bird-Carreau model fit the steady shear data very well and the parameters obtained from steady shear data allow reasonable estimates of the stress relaxation of these systems. The Meister model provided a fit of the transient stress relaxation data and could be used to estimate the steady shear response. No quantitative molecular theory was developed in this work. However, the nature of the concentration dependence of the Bird-Carreau parameters suggests that as the polymer concentration of aqueous Separan solutions decreases from 2.0 to 0.05 weight percent the solutions should be modeled less by an entangled network theory and more as slightly overlapping hydrodynamic units. The concentration where this behavior seems to be changing appears to be about 0.25 percent by weight of polymer.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760140104
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Processing-morphology-property studies of poly(vinyl chloride) (1974)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 14 (1974), S. 371-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Recent morphological studies of plasticized and unplasticified poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) are reviewed. Suspension polymerized PVC contains particles in a number of different size ranges 100-200Å, 1000-5000Å, 1μ and larger. The larger size particles are broken down during plasticization but both the 100Å and the 1000Å suspension particles retain their identity. The visibility, and presumably, coalescence of these particles is a function of the processing conditions. In particular, the size of the 100Å particle increases with plasticizer content and is most distinct as characterized both by small angle x-ray scattering and electron microscopy for milling temperatures in the 160-170°C. range. Consideration is given to the effect of these particles, their structure, and interrelationship on the rheological properties of the resins.
    Zusätzliches Material: 17 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760140512
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Differential thermal analysis using high frequency dielectric heating I. Theory and equipmentPart II of this series starts on page 64 and Part III, on page 70. (1971)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 57-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: A new analytical technique, differential thermal analysis using high frequency dielectric heating (DTA/HF), has been developed which senses the rate and extent of the enthalpy change accompanying curing. These two parameters relate simply and quantitatively to curing reaction kinetics.In DTA/HF cylindrical samples of uncured elastomers, 2-in. in diam and about 1-in. high, enclosed in glass rings and covered, are heated in a high frequency (86 mc) electrical field simultaneously with an identically-shaped precured reference disc of the same elastomer. Both sample and reference are clamped securely between 3 × 5-in. rectangular output electrodes. The sample is cured isometrically under pressure generated by thermal expansion. Temperatures at the core of the sample and reference are monitored continuously using ungrounded junction thermocouples with stainless steel probes; both sample temperature and temperature differences between sample and reference are recorded.To test the validity of DTA/HF it was first applied to the dicumyl peroxide (DCP) curing of several cis-1,4-polyisoprene calcium carbonate mixtures for which reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetic data are available.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110110
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Positive and negative photoresist applications of thin films surface-photopolymerized from hexachlorobutadiene (1972)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 12 (1972), S. 209-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Polymeric films deposited from the vapor of C4Cl6 by the surface-photopolymerization technique are electrically and mechanically continuous on various substrates when very thin. The thickness of the films depends upon irradiation time with wavelengths in the region 2000-3000Å. Re-irradiation in oxygen (air) of the polymeric films with light of these low wavelengths leads to patterned removal of the films. Since films 500Å thick and less can resist etchants for various substrates, a new and extremely thin positive photoresist system is possible. Resolution of etched substrates to lines a few microns wide has been demonstrated. If the polymeric films from C4Cl6 are deposited from the monomeric vapor at lower substrate temperatures they are soluble in various solvents. Re-irradiation with UV light with the films in vacuum produces a patterned fixing of the polymer with respect to acetone. A negative photoresist system is therefore possible. Again, films of thickness 500Å and less can resist various etchants such that substrates can be etched to high resolution.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760120309
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The potential for reuse of plastics recovered from solid wastes (1972)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 12 (1972), S. 157-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Plastics in solid wastes is a problem of growing concern. Recycling of wastes is currently believed to be the most acceptable form of disposal in the long run; however, this route is known to be especially difficult for plastics. Recycling would be easier if the various generic types present in solid wastes, mainly polyethylene, polystyrene and poly (vinyl chloride), could be isolated; however, this would be very difficult and expensive. This is a first report on research aimed at evaluating the potential of recycling plastics as a polymer blend of the various generic types. This approach suffers from the difficulty that the different plastics are incompatible and the blend has poor mechanical properties. The extent of this problem is documented with data on many ternary blends employing virgin polyethylene, polystyrene and poly (vinyl chloride) of numerous grades likely to be found in solid wastes. Property degradation was found to be more severe as the complexity of the blend increased, indicating that general municipal wastes could be reused only in very low grade applications, whereas certain commercial wastes might have brighter prospects. Strategies for improving blend properties are outlined.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760120302
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thermomechanical studies of polymer deformation II. A thermodynamic analysis of a viscoelastic material in sinusoidal deformation (1970)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 10 (1970), S. 320-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: In this study, a linearly viscoelastic polyurethane film was subjected to continuous, sinusoidal deformation in a new isothermal deformation calorimeter, whose design details were recently reported (1). Internal energy and entropy of the polymer at each state in the deformation cycle were computed from heat rate and work rate data. This was made possible by using linear viscoelasticity theory to predict the irreversible entropy production. Thermal data were corrected for instrument time lag.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760100603
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