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  • *Light  (2)
  • Chemical Engineering  (2)
  • 2020-2021
  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    First-order corrections to infinite dilution fugacity coefficients using computer simulation (1995)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 41 (1995), S. 2300-2305 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The relative merits of various approaches using computer simulation methods for estimating first-order correction terms to Henry's law in dilute supercritical mixtures are investigated. Three thermodynamic formulations are provided for the calculation of these properties. One method, termed the fluctuation integral approach, requires the explicit calculation of solute-solvent pair correlation functions at the infinite dilution limit, which is a difficult task for simulations given the conflicting demands of both small numbers of solute species (for approximating the infinite dilution limit) as well as the need for large numbers of solute species to improve simulation statistics. A second approach, called the pressure gradient method, does not require the explicit, determination of these solute-solute functions and, as a result, is not as sensitive to the choice of system size and other difficulties associated with establishing an adequate ensemble size and/or number of solute species to be used in the simulations. The third approach uses the exact formulation for the property of interest using Kirkwood-Buff theory. This approach, however, requires all the solute pair correlation functions to be established, making it the most sensitive to issues concerning number of solute species used in the simulations, and so on. An examples is given showing simulation results for these approaches, illustrating their respective strengths and drawbacks.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690411013
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Henry's law and synergism in dilute near-critical solutions: Theory and simulation (1995)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 41 (1995), S. 389-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An asymptotic analysis based on Taylor series expansions is used for first-order correction terms to the Henry's law approximation to describe solvation phenomena in multiple solute-multiple solvent systems. The magnitude of these correction terms in solvent systems very near their critical points is of particular concern, as shown in model fluid calculations with the aid of integral equation theory. The results clearly demonstrate that close proximity to the critical point in pure and mixed solvent systems causes the Henry's law approximation to show large errors in predicting solubilities, especially near the critical azeotrope of a mixed solvent system. Theoretical results also show that cross solubility enhancements in a two solutesupercritical solvent system cause cooperative synergism (both solute solubilities are increased relative to the corresponding single solute situations) or reverse synergism (both depressed relative to the single solute situation). It appears to be consistent with the available data. In computer simulations, the solute's infinitely dilute reference state is often used as a basis for describing solute thermodynamic behavior. These simulations are best achieved in the canonical ensemble because of the weak composition dependence of free energies in terms of characteristic variables of this ensemble.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690410220
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Regulation of the mammalian pineal by non-rod, non-cone, ocular photoreceptors (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1999-04-16
    Beschreibung: In mammals, ocular photoreceptors mediate an acute inhibition of pineal melatonin by light. The effect of rod and cone loss on this response was assessed by combining the rd mutation with a transgenic ablation of cones (cl) to produce mice lacking both photoreceptor classes. Despite the loss of all known retinal photoreceptors, rd/rd cl mice showed normal suppression of pineal melatonin in response to monochromatic light of wavelength 509 nanometers. These data indicate that mammals have additional ocular photoreceptors that they use in the regulation of temporal physiology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lucas, R J -- Freedman, M S -- Munoz, M -- Garcia-Fernandez, J M -- Foster, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 16;284(5413):505-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. r.j.lucas@ic.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10205062" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Clocks/physiology ; Circadian Rhythm/*physiology ; Cryptochromes ; Darkness ; *Drosophila Proteins ; *Eye Proteins ; Flavoproteins/genetics/physiology ; *Light ; Light Signal Transduction ; Melatonin/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Transgenic ; *Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate ; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate/*physiology ; Pineal Gland/*metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Retina/cytology/*physiology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/physiology ; Retinal Pigments/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Regulation of mammalian circadian behavior by non-rod, non-cone, ocular photoreceptors (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1999-04-16
    Beschreibung: Circadian rhythms of mammals are entrained by light to follow the daily solar cycle (photoentrainment). To determine whether retinal rods and cones are required for this response, the effects of light on the regulation of circadian wheel-running behavior were examined in mice lacking these photoreceptors. Mice without cones (cl) or without both rods and cones (rdta/cl) showed unattenuated phase-shifting responses to light. Removal of the eyes abolishes this behavior. Thus, neither rods nor cones are required for photoentrainment, and the murine eye contains additional photoreceptors that regulate the circadian clock.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freedman, M S -- Lucas, R J -- Soni, B -- von Schantz, M -- Munoz, M -- David-Gray, Z -- Foster, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 16;284(5413):502-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10205061" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Clocks/*physiology ; Circadian Rhythm/*physiology ; *Light ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Motor Activity ; *Ocular Physiological Phenomena ; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate/*physiology ; Pigments, Biological/physiology ; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Retinal Pigments/physiology ; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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