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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protection of transforming growth factor β activity by heparin and fucoidan (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 159 (1994), S. 51-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family of proteins exert diverse and potent effects on proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix synthesis. However, relatively little is known about the stability or processing of endogenous TGF-β activity in vitro or in vivo. Our previous work indicated that (1) TGF-β1 has strong heparin-binding properties that were not previously recognized because of neutralization by iodination, and (2) heparin, and certain other polyanions, could block the binding of TGF-β1 to α2-macroglobulin (α2-M). The present studies investigated the influence of heparin-like molecules on the stability of the TGF-β1 signal in the pericellular environment. The results indicate that heparin and fucoidan, a naturally occurring sulfated L-fucose polymer, suppress the formation of an initial non-covalent interaction between 125I-TGF-β1 and activated α2-M. Electrophoresis of 125I-TGF-β1 showed that fucoidan protects TGF-β1 from proteolytic degradation by plasmin and trypsin. While plasmin caused little, if any, activation of latent TGF-β derived from vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC), plasmin degraded acid-activated TGF-β, and purified TGF-β1, and this degradation was inhibited by fucoidan. In vitro, heparin and fucoidan tripled the half-life of 125I-TGF-β1 and doubled the amount of cell-associated 125I-TGF-β1. Consistent with this protective effect, heparin- and fucoidan-treated SMC demonstrated elevated levels of active, but not latent, TGF-β activity. © 1994 wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041590108
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clonal heterogeneity in fibroblast phenotype: Implications for the control of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 7 (1987), S. 200-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The widespread distribution of fibroblasts underlines their central role in mammalian physiology, development and ageing. The existence of developmentally regulated and site-specific phenotypic variation in fibroblasts is well documented. Recent evidence has revealed heterogeneity within the fibroblast population of a given tissue at a specified development stage. The relative proportion and tissue distribution of distinct fibroblast subsets must have important consequences in the control of connective tissue and adjacent epithelial functions in health and disease.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950070503
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional morphology of the neck organ in Artemia salina nauplii (1975)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 145 (1975), S. 371-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Fine structure of the ion transporting epithelium of the neck organ in the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) nauplius is described. The neck organ is a dome-like gland situated atop the cephalothorax of the larva and is composed of 50 to 60 cuboidal epithelial cells. These cells possess many of the characteristics of salt-secretory cells from other tissues. They contain many mitochondria and exhibit a high degree of plasma membrane elaboration. This membrane amplification takes two forms; the apical plasmalemma is infolded into irregular loops, while the basal and lateral membranes penetrate the cytoplasm in the form of branching sinusoids. The labyrinth of tubular reticulum thus formed fills most of the cell volume. Mitochondria in the labyrinth are often in intimate contact with these tubular membranes and regular arrays of parallel mitochondria with constricted intervening sinusoids are often observed. Other organelles including Golgi complexes, multivesicular bodies, and rough endoplasmic reticulum are also numerous, particularly in the narrow rim of cytoplasm which lies between the apical infolds and the labyrinth. Yolk platelets and glycogen fields are conspicuous in the basal perinuclear regions of the cells.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051450309
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hopping locomotion in a nematode: Functional anatomy of the caudal gland apparatus of Theristus caudasaliens sp. n. (1980)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 164 (1980), S. 265-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The interstitial nematode Theristus caudasaliens n. sp. normally locomotes by hopping on the left side of its tail tip, a mode of locomotion that is unique among nematodes. The animal uses its caudal glands and caudal musculature to perform the hops, attaching itself momentarily between hops with the glands and executing the hops by straightening and curling the posterior part of its body.The caudal gland apparatus can be seen by electron microscopy to consist of five gland cells of two different types. Three of these cells, termed viscid glands, are involved in adhesion of the animal to substrates and produce ovoid granules with a central dense band. The other two cells are characterized by smaller, lessdense granules and presumably function in releasing the animal from substrates. The ducts of both gland types extend to the tail tip where they terminate in a common crescent-shaped space. Their secretions are released to the outside through two pores on the left side of the tail tip. There is no spinneret valve in this nematode. The muscles of the tail and of the mid-body region are developed to the same extent.The caudal gland apparatus can be compared with the duo-gland adhesive organs of other interstitial animals, but its homology with either these organs or the caudal glands of other nematodes is uncertain. Theristus caudasaliens is described as a new species.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051640304
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorylation of a tropomyosin-like (30 KD) protein during platelet activation (1985)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 29 (1985), S. 19-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: phosphorylation ; tropomyosin ; phorbol esters ; platelet activation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: In this study, we have used the tumor promoter 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), as well as its biologically inactive analogue 4α-phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate (4α-PDD), to investigate platelet protein phosphorylation and its possible correlation with platelet activation. Our data show that TPA, but not 4α-PDD, induces a preferential phosphorylation of a 30,000 dalton (30 KD) protein. This phosphoprotein is found to be physically associated with an actomyosin-containing platelet cytoskeleton complex. Further analysis using both standard two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and one-dimensional urea-SDS gel electrophoresis reveals that this 30 KD protein has several tropomyosin-like properties. Most importantly, the degree of TPA-induced phosphorylation of the 30 KD protein is directly proportional to the extent of platelet granule release and the shape change of the platelet, as well as to the degree of aggregation. We speculate that this phosphorylated tropomyosinlike protein may play a pivotal role in the regulation of actomyosin-mediated platelet contractility, which has been previously implicated in a variety of platelet functions.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240290103
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collagen gels as a matrix for haemopoiesis (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 106 (1981), S. 269-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have shown that collagen gel can be used as a culture matrix for the cloning of granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-C), the production of foci of marrow stromal cells and the maintenance of stem cell proliferation, differentiation and the production of CFU-C. Since collagen is a physiological matrix and allows the simultaneous growth of a variety of cellular elements, the system should prove useful for examining the role of cell/cell interactions and regulatory molecules involved in haemopoiesis.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041060213
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vasoactive amines modulate actin cables (stress fibers) and surface area in cultured bovine endothelium (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 123 (1985), S. 337-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells were fixed and stained with NBD-phallicidin and quantitated with a digital image analyzer for changes in actin cables and surface area. Serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine and histamine (all at 10-4M concentrations) were tested for their ability to induce cytoskeletal changes. Only 5-HT and NE increased action cables significantly (p 〈 0.01), 80.7% and 97.9%, respectively. Dopamine and histamine treated cells showed a 67.4% and 80.8% decrease in actin cables respectively (p 〈 0.01). Stimulated increases of actin cables by 5-HT were inhibited by Ketanserin, and propranoiol inhibited NE stimulation of actin cables. Treatment of cells with these blockers alone also decreased actin cables below control values (p 〈 0.01). Pretreatment of cells with diphenhydramine, but not cimetidine, inhibited histamine-induced decreases in actin cables. Stimulation of surface area by 5-HT and NE was also observed, with 40.8% and 80.7% increases respectively, when compared with controls (p 〈 0.01). The increases in actin cables were associated with a lack of ruffled edges that are indicative of motile cells. In contrast, induced decreases in actin cables resulted in cells with ruffled edges. Exogenous 5-HT and NE have been shown to prevent the increased permeability visible as extravasation of red blood cells from postcapillary venules in thrombocytopenic animals. The present data suggest that 5-HT and NE may be involved in maintaining the endothelial barrier function by a receptor-mediated stimulation of actin cables. Also, histamine-induced decreases in actin cables may be correlated with the amine's action in vivo as a mediator of increased inflammatory permeability.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041230307
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural/functional relationships between internal and external MSH receptors: Modulation of expression in Cloudman melanoma cells by UVB radiation (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 147 (1991), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Expression of internal receptors for MSH is an important criterion for responsiveness to MSH by Cloudman melanoma cells (Orlow et al: J. Cell. Physiol., 142: 129-136, 1990). Here, we show that internal and external receptors for MSH are of identical molecular weights (50-53 kDa) and share common antigenic determinants, indicating a structural relationship between the 2 populations of molecules. The internal receptors co-purified with a sub-cellular fraction highly enriched for small vesicles, many of which were coated. Ultraviolet B light (UVB) acted synergistically with MSH to increase tyrosinase activity and melanin content of cultured Cloudman melanoma cells, consistent with previous findings in the skin of mice and guinea pigs (Bologniaet al: J. Invest. Derm., 92:651-656, 1989). Preceding the rise in tyrosinase activity in cultured cells, UVB elicited a decrease in internal MSH binding sites and a concomittant increase in external sites. The time frame for the UVB effects on MSH receptors and melanogenesis, 48 hours, was similar to that for a response to solar radiation in humans. Together, the results indicate a key role for MSH receptors in the induction of melanogenesis by UVB and suggest a potential mechanism of action for UVB: redistribution of MSH receptors with a resultant increase in cellular responsiveness to MSH.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041470102
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of basic fibroblast growth factor during chicken cardiac development (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 146 (1991), S. 379-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been identified in cultured cardiac myocytes as well as in myocardial tissue of both embryonic and adult organisms; bFGF has also been demonstrated to regulate proliferation and differentiation of these cells in culture. Such studies suggest a possible role for bFGF in cardiac myogenesis. In vitro studies using cultured endothelial and neurona cells also suggest that myocyte-derived bFGF may be involved in the regulation of vascularization and/or innervation of the developing heart. We have generated a spatial and temporal map for bFGF in the developing chick heart using immu-nohistochemical techniques and our monospecific polyclonal rabbit antihuman bFGF IgG. A progressive decrease in bFGF expression was seen in the highly trabeculated region of the ventricular myocardium, relative to the myocardium directly underlying the epicardial tissue, with increasing developmental age. bFGF expression was limited to the cytoplasm of cardiac myocytes; neither vascular endothelium nor smooth muscle contained anti-bFGF immunoreactive material. A correlation between the temporal and spatial pattern of bFGF expression seen here, with the pattern of myocyte proliferation and differentiation reported by others, suggests a role for bFGF in the autocrine regulation of myocyte proliferation and differentiation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041460307
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of heat shock on RNA metabolism in HeLa cells (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 135 (1988), S. 377-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Incubation of HeLa cells at 42°C results in pronounced inhibition of the accumulation of 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and non-heat shock polyadenylated messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cytoplasm. Accumulation of transfer RNA and 5S ribosomal RNA is not affected. Transcription of rRNA precursor is reduced to approximately 50% of the 37°C rate after 10 min of hyperthermia and declines to 30 of the control rate after 1 hr. In contrast, the accumulation of mature rRNA in the cytoplasm is inhibited more than 95%. Quantitative hybridization experiments and Northern blot analysis detect little accumulation of rRNA precursor sequences in nuclei, suggesting that the majority of the rRNA that is synthesized is degraded. Heat stress at 42°C was found to have little effect on transcription of most non-heat shock mRNAs. However, accumulation of individual non-heat shock mRNAs in the cytoplasm proceeds at reduced rates. These results indicate that the primary effect of elevated temperature on RNA metabolism in mammalian cells is inhibition of processing and/or transport. Despite this, steady-state levels of abundant and rapidly turning over mRNA species remain unchanged during prolonged heat stress. We find that the half-life of c-myc mRNA increases greater than twofold at 42°C. Thus, 42°C heat stress appears to inhibit both accumulation and turnover of non-heat shock mRNA.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041350304
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