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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural cytoskeleton alterations and modification of actin expression in the NIH/3T3 cell line after transformation with Ha-ras-Activated oncogene (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 15 (1990), S. 220-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cytoskeleton alterations of NIH/3T3 fibroblast monolayers transfected with Haras-activated oncogene were studied by immunofluorescence, immunoelectron microscopy, and immunoelectrophoretic analysis of actin isoforms. Transformation foci were found to consist of cells with a round shape and rare stress fibers that spread sparsely, forming rare focal contacts and fibronexuses. The loss of stress fibers in transformed cells was confirmed by staining with rhodamine-phalloidin and with a fluorescinated anti-non-muscle cell actin antibody. The transformed cells were anchored to the substrate prominently by filaments that contained fibronectin, as showed by immunoelectron microscopy. A down-regulation of α-actin isoform was observed by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting analysis using a specific monoclonal antibody. The diffuse distribution of α-actin, lacking a specific association with stress fibers, challenges the hypothesis of a connection between α-actin down-regulation and stress fiber loss.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970150405
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A protein family immunorelated to a sperm-binding protein and its regulation in human semen (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 16 (1987), S. 229-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: seminal plasma ; hormonal control ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In human seminal plasma a family of proteins that is immunologically related to the RSV-IV protein secreted under androgen control from the epithelium of the rat seminal vesicles was detected by a radioimmunoassay. Evidence for the origin of these antigens from human seminal vesicle is presented. Quantitative measurements of this family of proteins were performed in men with low levels of serum testosterone (idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) and in individuals having serum testosterone in the normal range of values but carrying sex chromosome aberrations (Klinefelter's syndrome). In the first case we have found a marked decrease in the total amount of the RSV-IV-related proteins. An increase of about 40% in the total amount of these antigens was obtained in these subjects by gonadotropin treatment. A decreased amount of these proteins was also detected in the subjects affected by Klinefelter's syndrome. The possibility that some factor(s) under genetic control is involved, in addition to testosterone, in the regulation of this family of proteins is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120160305
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The trophotaenial placenta of a viviparous goodeid fish. I. Ultrastructure of the internal ovarian epithelium, the maternal component (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 184 (1985), S. 277-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Embryos of goodeid fishes develop to term within the ovarian lumen, where they undergo considerable increase in weight due to transfer of maternal nutrients across a trophotaenial placenta. The placenta consists of an embryonic component, the trophotaeniae, and a maternal component, the ovarian lining. The latter was examined by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and light microscopy in both gravid and non-gravid ovaries of the viviparous goodeid fish, Ameca splendens. The single median ovary of A. splendens is a hollow structure whose lumen is divided into lateral chambers by a highly folded longitudinal ovarian septum. Germinal tissue occurs within folds of the ovarian lining that extend into each of the two lateral chambers. Matrotrophic embryonic development takes place within ovarian chambers. During gestation, the lining of the ovarian lumen is in direct apposition to body surfaces and trophotaenial epithelia of developing embryos. The ovarian lining consists of a simple cuboidal epithelium, termed the internal ovarian epithelium (IOE), overlying a well-vascularized bed of connective tissue. Cells of the IOE are apically convex. Well-developed granular and agranular endoplasmic reticula and numerous large membrane-bound vesicles with electron-dense content occupy the apical cytoplasm of IOE cells. Two functional states of the same cell type are distinguished within the IOE. Phase I cells contain few, if any, large apically situated vesicles; Phase II cells contain many. Secretory products of the IOE are presumed to be an important source of nutrients for embryonic development. Structural and functional relationships of the IOE to the trophotaenial epithelium of developing embryos are discussed in relation to maternal-embryonic nutrient transfer processes.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051840304
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Follicular placenta and embryonic growth of the viviparous four-eyed fish (Anableps) (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 185 (1985), S. 131-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In the four-eyed fish, Anableps (Atheriniformes, Anablepidae), eggs are fertilized and embryos develop to term within the ovarian follicles. Development is highly matrotrophic. During gestation, the largest term embryo of A. anableps examined had grown to a total length of 51 mm and attained a dry weight of 149 mg. The postfertilization weight increase is 298,000%. The largest term embryo of A. dowi examined had grown to a total length of 77 mm and attained a dry weight of 910 mg. The postfertilization weight increase is 843,000%. Embryonic weight increases result from nutrient transfer across the follicular placenta. This structure is formed by apposition of the maternal follicular epithelium to absorptive surface cells of the embryo's pericardial trophoderm. The latter, a ventral ramification of the pericardial somatopleure, replaces the yolk sac during early gestation. The external surface of the pericardial trophoderm develops hemispherical projections, termed vascular bulbs. Within each bulb, the vascular plexus of the trophoderm expands to form a blood sinus. Cells of the external surface of the bulbs possess microplicae. Microvilli are absent. During middle to late gestation, the juxtaembryonic follicular epithelium differentiates into two regions. One region consists of shallow, pitlike depressions within which vascular bulbs interdigitate in a “ball and socket” arrangement. Follicular pits are formed by the curvilinear distortion of the apical surfaces of follicle cells. The second region in contact with the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the embryo, is comprised of villous extensions of the hypertrophied follicular epithelium. In both regions, follicle cells appear to constitute a transporting rather than a secretory epithlium. In terms of percentage of weight increase, the follicular placenta of Anableps appears to be the most efficient adaptation for maternal-embryonic nutrient transfer in teleost fishes and closely approaches the efficiency (1.2 × 106%) of oophagy and embryonic cannibalism in lamnoid sharks.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051850110
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the body cavity lining in a secondary acoelomate, Microphthalmus cf. Listensis westheide (Polychaeta: Hesionidae) (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 188 (1986), S. 257-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The organization of the body cavity lining in selected regions of the juvenile and adult of the interstitial hesionid polychaete Microphthalmus cf. listensis is described. Tissues comprising the body cavity lining in the juvenile consist of somatic and splanchnic circular and longitudinal muscles and undifferentiated cells. Somatic and splanchnic cell layers exhibit epithelial ( = eucoelomate) organization in the pharyngeal region. In the midbody, some undifferentiated cells exhibiting mesenchymal organization persist among the epithelially organized somatic and splanchnic cells, forming a gradation between eucoelomate and acoelomate tissue organizations. A coelomic cavity is absent. Tissues comprising the body cavity lining of the adult consist of somatic and splanchnic circular and longitudinal myocytes and coelenchymal cells. Coelenchymal cells are shown from serial section analysis to be mesenchymal in organization and derived from the somatic peritoneum. A 30-65-nm coelomic cavity lies between the apices of somatic and splanchnic cell layers in the pharyngeal region. In the anterior setigerous segments, the coelom is reduced to a narrow cavity surrounded by coelenchymal cells lying midventrally between the paired ejaculatory ducts. There is a regional obliteration of the splanchnic musculature in the posterior segments so that apices of the coelenchymal cells lie in direct apposition to the basal extracellular matrix of the gut. The coeom is only present middorsally as a 0.7-μm-wide cavity. Although the coelomic cavity is highly reduced in the adult, the body cavity lining still reveals its origin from the epithelial ( = eucoelomate) organization. The findings of this study illustrate possible organizational intermediates in the evolution of the acoelomate from the eucoelomate condition in annelids.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051880302
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colocalization of the p185HER2 oncoprotein and integrin α6β4 in Calu-3 lung carcinoma cells (1994)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 55 (1994), S. 409-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: HER2/neu ; integrins ; laminin ; tyrosine phosphorylation ; oncoprotein ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibodies often show intense reactivity with the basement membrane of tumor cells that overexpress the HER2/neu gene product (p185HER2). To evaluate a possible interaction between p185HER2 and adhesion molecules or their receptors, the polarity of p185HER2 was tested in lung carcinoma cell line Calu-3, which overexpresses this protein, in cultures grown as confluent monolayers or as aggregates. MAb immunostaining patterns indicated that p185HER2 is concentrated on the baso-lateral membrane of cells and that it colocalizes with the integrin α6β4 at the cell-cell junctions where laminin is also found. The same membrane region showed intense reactivity with antiphosphotyrosine antibodies. Furthermore, integrin clustering induced by the specific antibody was accompanied by the clustering of p185HER2, as indicated by immunoelectron microscopy, and by a subsequent increase in p185HER2 tyrosine phosphorylation. Treatment with exogenous laminin also resulted in increased basal levels of p185HER2 phosphorylation. These data suggest a physical interaction between the integrin and the oncoprotein that might be functionally relevant in directly controlling the tyrosine phosphorylation of the catalytic domain of p185HER2. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240550402
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The trophotaenial placenta of a viviparous goodeid fish. II. Ultrastructure of trophotaeniae, the embryonic component (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 184 (1985), S. 293-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Embryos of the viviparous goodeid fish Ameca spendens develop within the ovarian lumen, where they establish a placental association with the maternal organism and undergo a 15,000% increase in embryonic dry weight. The placenta consists of an embryonic component, the trophotaeniae, and a maternal component, the internal ovarian epithelium. Examination with light microscopy and with transmission and scanning electron microscopy reveals that trophotaeniae of A. splendens are extraembryonic membranes consisting of five ribbon-like processes originating from a tube-like mass of tissue that extends outward from the perianal region of developing embryos. There are two sets of lateral processes and a longer single median process. Trophotaeniae possess an outer epithelium that surrounds a highly vascularized core of loose connective tissue. Epithelial cells possess apical microvilli and a pronounced endocytotic apparatus. Cells of the trophotaenial epithelium are either tightly apposed along their lateral margins or separated by enlarged intercellular spaces. Regions of the trophotaenial epithelium possessing enlarged intercellular spaces are distributed in patches. The trophotaenial epithelium is continuous with the embryonic hindgut epithelium and is considered to be derived from it. Comparison of trophotaenial morphology in A. splendens with that reported in Xenotoca eiseni reveals differences in histological organization. The former possess unsheathed trophotaeniae, whereas the latter are sheathed. We postulate that the apposition of trophotaenial epithelium to the internal ovarian epithelium constitutes a placental association equivalent to a noninvasive, epithelioform of an inverted yolk sac placenta. Structural relationships of embryonic and maternal tissues of the trophotaenial placenta are discussed in relation to maternal-embryonic nutrient transfer processes.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051840305
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embryonic growth and trophotaenial development in goodeid fishes (Teleostei: Atheriniformes) (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 197 (1988), S. 193-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Embryonic growth and trophotaenial development are examined in two species of goodeid fish, Ameca splendens and Goodea atripinnis. During gestation of A. splendens, embryonic dry mass may increase from 0.21 mg at the onset of development to 31.70 mg at term. In G. atripinnis, embryonic dry mass ranges from 0.25 mg at the onset of development to 3.15 mg at term. Increase in mass is primarily due to the uptake of maternally derived nutrients by trophotaeniae, externalized embryonic gut derivatives. Trophotaenial development in both species is divisible into five phases. During the first phase, the anus is formed. The second phase involves dilation of the anus, enlargement of the perianal lips, differentiation of the hindgut absorptive epithelium, and formation of the trophotaenial peduncle. The third phase is characterized by a further marked hypertrophy and lateral expansion of the perianal lips that results in the formation of short trophotaenial processes. During the fourth phase, there is continued outward expansion of the inner mucosal surface of the trophotaenial peduncle that results in its eversion and lobulation. Placental function is established by this phase. Axial elongation and dichotomous branching of trophotaenial processes occurs during the fifth phase. Development of rosette and ribbon trophotaeniae differ in the degree of axial elongation during the fifth and final phase.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051970206
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol modulates 3H-Thymidine Incorporation in FRTL5 Cells (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 49 (1992), S. 304-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: thyroid follicular cells ; cell proliferation ; cAMP ; protein kinase C ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) possesses proliferation and differentiation modulating effects in many cell types in vitro. We studied the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on 3H-thymidine incorporation in FRTL5 cells, a cultured rat thyroid follicular cell line. 1,25(OH)2D3 alone at 10-11 and 10-9 M exerted no effect on 3H-thymidine incorporation. However, at 10-7 M, 1,25(OH)2D3 slightly enhanced 3H-thymidine incorporation. In the presence of 5% calf serum, 1,25(OH)2D3 increased 3H-thymidine incorporation induced by calf serum in a dose-dependent manner. 1,25(OH)2D3 also enhanced 3H-thymidine incorporation induced by PMA, an extrinsic stimulator of protein kinase C, without directly affecting PMA-induced protein kinase C translocation. In contrast to the stimulatory effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the calf serum and PMA-induced 3H-thymidine incorporation, 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited the increase in 3H-thymidine incorporation induced by TSH in a dose-dependent manner. This effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on TSH-induced 3H-thymidine incorporation may be, in part, due to post-cAMP pathways since 1,25(OH)2D3 also inhibited the increase in 3H-thymidine incorporation induced by Bu2cAMP without affecting the TSH-induced increase in cAMP. The stimulatory effect of insulin on 3H-thymidine incorporation, a cAMP-independent process, was also inhibited by 1,25(OH)2D3. We conclude that 1,25(OH)2D3 affects 3H-thymidine incorporation in FRTL5 cells raising the possibility of a physiologic role for 1,25(OH)2D3 in the growth and function of thyroid follicular cells.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240490314
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactivation of NAD(H) biosynthetic pathway by exogenous NAD+ in nil cells severely depleted of NAD(H) (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 114 (1983), S. 235-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The culture of Nil hamster fibroblasts in MEM lacking nicotinamide (NAm- MEM) leads to: (1) the rapid loss of intracellular total nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(H)) content in these cells from a level of 150-200 pmoles/105 cells to less than 20 pmoles/105 cells; (2) the cessation of cell division and inhibition of DNA synthesis; and (3) a reduction of glucose consumption and lactic acid production. In most situations, following nicotinamide starvation, the restoration of intracellular NAD(H) follows rapidly the readdition of NAD+ (oxidized), nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), nicotinamide, or nicotinic acid. Resumption of cell division occurs after only a lag of about 24 hours. Nil cells subcultured for three consecutive times in the absence of nicotinamide (3° NAm- cells) exhibit different behavior. These severely starved cells are incapable of quickly restoring their intracellular NAD(H) content to normal levels when provided with any pyridine ring compound except NAD+. One-hour exposure of such cells to NAD+ allows utilization of nicotinamide to rapidly restore intracellular NAD(H). This short incubation with NAD+ does not result in any significant restoration of intracellular NAD(H) or lead to the accumulation of an intracellular pool of some precursor. This function of NAD+ as a stimulatory signal to the NAD(H)-biosynthetic pathway in severely starved Nil cells is a previously unreported role of NAD+, and does not require protein synthesis.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041140214
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