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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (1)
  • Neuronal nitric oxide synthase Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase GABA Glycine Calbindin Immunocytochemistry Pseudemys scripta elegans (Chelonia)  (1)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (1)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 43-66 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Retina ; Intracellular staining ; Horseradish peroxidase ; Electron microscopy ; Cone ; Horizontal cell ; Bipolar cell ; Amacrine cell ; Ganglion cell ; Neurotransmitter ; Synaptic plasticity ; Spinules ; Rhodamine ; Double labelling ; Postembedding immunohistochemistry ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: A variety of intracellular recording and staining techniques has been used to establish structure-function and, in some cases, structure-function-neurochemical correlations in fish, turtle, and cat retinae. Cone photoreceptor-horizontal cell connectivity has been studied extensively in the cyprinid fish retina by intracellular staining with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and subsequent electron microscopy. The available data suggest that horizontal cell dendrites around the ridge of the synaptic ribbon are postsynaptic, whilst finger-like extensions (“spinules”) of lateral dendrites function as inhibitory feedback terminals. An interesting feature of this inter-action is its plasticity: the feedback pathway is suppressed in the dark and becomes potentiated by light adaptation of the retina.Intracellular recordings and stainings of ganglion cells in both turtle and cat retinae have been possible. Prelabelling of ganglion cells by retrograde transport of rhodamine from the tectum allows ganglion cells to be stained under visual control, and their synaptic inputs determined by electron microscopy. Such studies have been extended to double labelling by using autoradiography or postembedding immunohistochemistry to identify the neurotransmitter content of the labelled cell and/or the neurotransmitter(s) converging upon it. It is envisaged that further applications of intracellular staining followed by double- or even triple-labelling will continue to enhance greatly our understanding of the functional architecture of the vertebrate retina. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 27 (1976), S. 10-16 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Electrochemical investigations into the influence of nitrate and nitrite on the starting rest potentials and the short circuit current of the element iron/tin in fruit acids and juicesWith the aid of electrochemical measurements the influence is studied of nitrate and nitrite additions on the corrosion behaviour of tin and the iron/tin element in various fruit acids (citric, acetic, tartaric, malic and lactic acids) and vegetable and fruit juices; the results are compared with storage tests conducted in parallel. The electrochemical short time test is generally little suitable for showing the influence of nitrates, in particular because of the slow conversion of nitrate into nitrite which is a corrosion accelerator; the nitrite influence, on the other hand, can be shown quite easily since it produces on the one hand a potential shift toward more positive values and, on the other hand, gives rise to an increase in the short circuit current. These results can be applied to coated cans, too, where the nitrite gives rise to strong dissolution of iron with pitting attack.
    Notizen: Mit Hilfe elektrochemischer Messungen wird der Einfluß von Nitrat- und Nitritzusätzen auf das Korrosionsverhalten von Zinn bzw das Element Eisen/Zinn in verschiedenen Fruchtsäuren (Citronen- Essig- Wein; Apfel- und Milchsäure) sowie Obst- und Gemüsesäften untersucht und die Ergebnisse mit parallel durchgeführten Lagerversuchen verglichen. Grundsätzlich ist der elektrochemische Kurzzeitverbrauch wenig geeignet zum Nachweis des Einflusses von Nitrat, vor allem wegen der langsamen Umwandlung des Nitrats in das die Korrosion beschleunigende Nitrit; der Einfluß des Nitrits hingegen ist einfacher nachzuweisen, da es einmal das Potential des Zinns nach positiveren Werten verschiebt und andererseits den Kurzschlußstrom erhöht. Diese Ergebnisse lassen sich auch auf lackierte Behälter anwenden, wo das Nitrit zu starker Auflösung von Eisen unter Lochkorrosion führt.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Neuronal nitric oxide synthase Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase GABA Glycine Calbindin Immunocytochemistry Pseudemys scripta elegans (Chelonia)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. The histochemistry of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-d) and immunoreactivity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS-IR) can be demonstrated in various cell types of the vertebrate retina. In this study, we have focused on characterizing the different NADPH-d-positive amacrine cell types in turtle retina. Cryostat sections were examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy for double immunofluorescence with antibodies against nNOS and either GABA or glycine, or by combining histochemistry with immunocytochemistry to obtain triple labeling with NADPH-d, GABA, and glycine. Forty-eight percent of the NADPH-d-labeled amacrine cells colocalized GABA, 52% glycine. Here we show that two morphologically different types of amacrine cell are nNOS/glycine-IR and three types are nNOS/GABA-IR. Antibodies against calretinin, parvalbumin, somatostatin, tyrosine hydroxylase, and choline acetyltransferase did not colocalize with nNOS-IR or NADPH-d-labeled amacrine cells, but 15% of the NOS-labeled amacrine cells showed immunoreactivity against calbindin. Only GABA has been seen to colocalize with NADPH-d in amacrine cells in previous reports in other species. The finding here of glycine colocalizing with NO-containing cells is novel. We suggest that NO, apart from its well known function in gap junction regulation, can also modulate the release of both GABA and glycine in the turtle retina.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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