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  • 1
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: An ultrastructural study of the hindgut, associated hepatopancreatic lobes and hepatopancreatic ducts of the terrestrial isopod, Armadillidium vulgre was undertaken. The simple epithelium which lines the heptopancreas consists of two cell types, S and B. Both cell types have numerous microvilli. A simple epithelium consisting of one cell type lines the hepatopancreatic ducts and the hindgut. Microvilli are not evident in the duct. The cells of the duct and the hindgut are covered with a cuticle. Dense granular bodies are characteristic of the cytoplasm of the duct cells. The hindgut epithelial cells have pronounced apical and basal-lateral cytoplasmic infoldings. Apical infoldings from large subcuticular spaces, especially in the posterior hindgut. Microtubules and large numbers of mitochondria are associated with the cytoplasmic infoldings. Large microtubular bundles are seen in the peripheral cytoplasm, and residual bodies are present in the central cytoplasm. Lateral plasma membranes form septate desmosomes in the apical region of cells, while zonulae adherentes and intercellular spaces are found basal to the septate desmosomes. The cellular organization of the hindgut is suggestive of cells active in water and ion transport.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 156 (1993), S. 579-587 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Substance P (SP) was recognized to stimulate cell growth. The mechanisms of growth control by SP are unknown. We, therefore, investigated mechanisms of the effect of SP on proliferation of human skin fibroblasts. SP did not stimulate proliferation of fibroblasts growth arrested by serum starvation over 48 hours. However, in the presence of acetylsalicylic acid SP potently stimulated fibroblast growth. A bell-shaped dose-response curve with maximal stimulation at picomolar concentrations was found. Specificity of the mitogenic effect was analyzed by use of synthetic SP analogs. Only neurokinin-1 receptor agonists were active, whereas a specific neurokinin-2 receptor analog did not exhibit mitogenicity. Analyzing the supernatants of growth-arrested fibroblasts treated with SP indicated that SP provokes release of the arachidonic acid metabolites, prostaglandin E2, and prostacyclin but not thromboxane B2 or leukotriene B4. Since similar response patterns in proliferation and arachidonic acid metabolite release have been described for several proinflammatory cytokines, some of which are known to act as competence factors in proliferation, we characterized the mitogenic effect of SP. Results established that SP stimulates fibroblast growth in a manner typical of competence factors. We conclude that arachidonic acid metabolites are involved in the cell cycle-dependent mitogenic action of SP on human skin fibroblasts. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Kurzfassung Die Quantifizierung der Schadstofffrachten an Kontrollebenen ist eine entscheidende Voraussetzung zur Bewertung von Grundwasserschadensfällen und zum Nachweis von Natural Attenuation. Hierzu können zwei verschiedene Erkundungsansätze, die Frachtbestimmung basierend auf der Interpolation von Punktkonzentrationsmessungen sowie Immissionspumpversuche, verwendet werden. Punktkonzentrationsmessungen haben den entscheidenden Nachteil, dass in der Regel nur eine ausreichend große Anzahl sicher stellen kann, dass die gesamte Abstromfahne erfasst wird. Immissionspumpversuche können wiederum relativ hohe Grundwasseraufbereitungs- und Entsorgungskosten verursachen und nur in ausreichend durchlässigen Grundwasserleitern durchgeführt werden. Ein Vergleich der Ergebnisse aus der Anwendung beider Erkundungsansätze kann eine Hilfestellung bei der Konzipierung von Erkundungsmaßnahmen bieten. Daher wurden die Resultate von vier Immissionspumpversuchen mit Messungen in 13, in kurzem Abstand zueinander errichteten, Direct-Push-Messstellen auf dem Gelände eines ehemaligen Gaswerks verglichen. Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass die Vergleichbarkeit der Erkundungsergebnisse je nach Standortsituation stark von der Heterogenität der Verteilung der Schadstoffe im Grundwasserleiter abhängt. Die Studie legt nahe, dass insbesondere bei stark heterogenen Verhältnissen im Grundwasserleiter Immissionspumpversuche bei der Wahl der Erkundungsmethode bevorzugt werden sollten, da die Interpolation von Punktkonzentrationsmessungen selbst im Falle eines relativ engmaschigen Messstellennetzes zu einer großen Erkundungsunsicherheit führen kann.
    Description: The quantification of contaminant mass flow rates at control planes is an essential prerequisite for assessing contaminated sites and for providing evidence of natural attenuation. Two different investigation approaches are usually implemented: mass flow estimation based on interpolation of point scale concentration measurements, and integral pumping tests. Point scale concentration measurements have the crucial disadvantage that in general, only a sufficiently dense monitoring network can ensure that the plume is completely covered. On the other hand, integral pumping tests may require expensive groundwater treatment and disposal and are only applicable in sufficiently conductive aquifers. A comparison of results from the application of both approaches can help with respect to the selection of a subsurface investigation method. A former gasworks site was chosen to compare the results of four integral pumping tests and measurements obtained from 13 direct-push-wells, which were installed at a relatively close spacing. The comparison shows that the correlation of the two methods depends strongly on the heterogeneity of the contaminant distribution within the aquifer. The study suggests that especially in the case of heterogeneous settings, integral pumping tests should be chosen for subsurface investigations, as interpolated point scale concentration measurements, even if densely spaced, can still bear a prohibitively high degree of uncertainty.
    Keywords: contaminant mass flow rate; integral pumping tests; point scale concentration measurements; remediation optimization ; 551 ; Geosciences; Geoecology/Natural Processes; Soil Science & Conservation ; Applied Geosciences ; Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution; Hydrogeology
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Kurzfassung Auf dem Gelände eines ehemaligen Gaswerks (Testfeld Süd) wurden Immissionspumpversuche (IPVs) zur Quantifizierung der Fracht und der mittleren Konzentration gaswerkstypischer Schadstoffe entlang von drei Kontrollquerschnitten durchgeführt. Die daraus resultierenden Konzentrationsganglinien wurden mithilfe des Inversionsprogramms CSTREAM und eines Strömungs- und Transportmodells des hydraulisch extrem heterogenen Grundwasserleiters numerisch ausgewertet. Die den gesamten Abstrombereich der Verdachtsfläche erfassenden Kontrollquerschnitte ermöglichen Aussagen über die Position und Ausbreitung der Schadstofffahne auf dem Gelände des Testfeldes Süd. Bisherige Auswertungen von IPVs konnten die Verteilung der Schadstofffahne um den IPV-Brunnen für genau drei Fälle berechnen: entweder befindet sich die Fahne links vom Brunnen, rechts davon oder ist symmetrisch um ihn verteilt. Um eine realistischere Vorstellung von der Fahnenposition zu ermöglichen, wurden in dieser Studie zusätzlich Direct-Push-Messstellen entlang einer Kontrollebene installiert. Die in diesen Messstellen gemessenen Konzentrationen wurden zur Konditionierung der numerischen Inversionslösung herangezogen. Die Ergebnisse ermöglichen eine genauere Eingrenzung des Fahnenzentrums sowie des Fahnenrandes, was insbesondere die Erarbeitung angepasster und optimierter Sanierungsstrategien unterstützt.
    Description: A series of integral pumping tests (IPTs) were conducted at a former gasworks site to quantify the contaminant mass flux and average concentration in groundwater along three control planes. The resulting concentration-time series were analysed numerically with the help of the inversion code CSTREAM and a flow and transport model representing the highly heterogeneous aquifer. Since the control planes cover the entire downstream width of the potentially contaminated area, they allow conclusions to be drawn about the current location and spread of the contaminant plume. Previous evaluations of integral pumping tests could calculate three scenarios concerning the spread of the plume around the IPT well: (i) the plume is located to the right of the well, (ii) to the left, or (iii) is distributed symmetrically around it. To create a more realistic picture of the plume position, a series of direct-push monitoring wells were installed along one control plane. The concentrations found in these wells were included in the numerical analysis to condition the inversion results, and resulted in a more pronounced plume centre and fringe, which supports the development of optimised remediation strategies.
    Keywords: integral pumping tests; conditioning; plume delineation; remediation optimisation ; 551 ; Geosciences; Geoecology/Natural Processes; Soil Science & Conservation ; Applied Geosciences ; Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution; Hydrogeology
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