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  • Chemistry  (5)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (3)
  • Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis/genetics/*physiopathology  (1)
  • 1975-1979  (9)
  • 1
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    Enhanced dexamethasone resistance in cystic fibrosis cells: potential use for heterozygote detection and prenatal diagnosis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are more resistant to dexamethasone toxicity than are normal cells. We now report that, when fibroblasts cultured from obligate CF heterozygotes are exposed to dexamethasone, they have an intermediate survival compared to normal and homozygous CF cells. When dexamethasone survival was tested on cells from four patients undergoing amniocentesis, cells from a woman at risk of producing a child with CF showed significant dexamethasone resistance, similar to that of fibroblasts derived from lnown CF homozygotes; the other amniotic cell specimens showed dexamethasone sensitivity similar to that of normal skin fibroblasts. These data suggest that the dexamethasone resistance previously observed in skin fibroblasts may also be useful in the prenatal diagnosis of CF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, J L -- Epstein, J -- Fontaine, J H -- Forbes, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):180-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663650" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amniotic Fluid/cytology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis/genetics/*physiopathology ; Dexamethasone/*toxicity ; Drug Resistance ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface ablation in the impingement region of a liquid jet (1979)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 25 (1979), S. 630-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical and experimental investigation of a water jet impinging on a melting solid surface has been carried out. Ice, octane, p-xylene, and olive oil served as the meltable solid materials, comprising a Prandtl number range of 5 to 2 800. An available laminar stagnation flow model was utilized to describe melting heat transfer in the jet impingement region. Melting rate measurements were found to agree quite well with the values predicted with this model.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690250409
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of nucleic acid-large ligand interactions: Exact Monte Carlo treatment and limitingl cases of reversible binding (1979)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 18 (1979), S. 2037-2050 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Many ligands, including basic polypeptides, histones, and other proteins bind nonspecifically to DNA in such a way as to render unavailable for further binding several contiguous sites (generally bases or base pairs). An accurate description of the kinetics of such large ligand binding requires a more complex theoretical analysis than does the study of the binding of small ligands to DNA. An exact analytical solution of the problem does not appear feasible. Instead, a Monte Carlo approach is developed which provides an essentially exact numerical solution by simulating the binding experiment using a model one-dimensional lattice to represent the DNA molecule. For the limiting cases of totally irreversible binding and of instantaneous redistribution of bound ligands along the lattice, relatively simple equations can be written and solved for the binding kinetics. These solutions and their realms of applicability are discussed in some detail.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1979.360180815
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on interaction between poly(L-lysine) and DNA of varied G + C contents (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 2401-2415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Interaction between polylysine and DNA's of varied G + C contents was studied using thermal denaturation and circular dichroism (CD). For each complex there is one melting band at a lower temperature tm, corresponding to the helix-coil transition of free base pairs, and another band at a higher temperature t′m, corresponding to the transition of polylysine-bound base pairs. For free base pairs, with natural DNA's and poly(dA-dT) a linear relation is observed between the tm and the G + C content of the particular DNA used. This is not true with poly(dG)·poly(dC), which has a tm about 20°C lower than the extrapolated value for DNA of 100% G + C. For polylysine-bound base pairs, a linear relation is also observed between the t′m and the G + C content of natural DNA's but neither poly(dA-dT) nor poly(dG)·poly(dC) complexes follow this relationship. The dependence of melting temperature on composition, expressed as dtm/dXG·C, where XG·C is the fraction of G·C pairs, is 60°C for free base pairs and only 21°C for polylysine-bound base pairs. This reduction in compositional dependence of Tm is similar to that observed for pure DNA in high ionic strength. Although the t′m of polylysine-poly(dA-dT) is 9°C lower than the extrapolated value for 0% G + C in EDTA buffer, it is independent of ionic strength in the medium and is equal to the tm0 extrapolated from the linear plot of tm against log Na+. There is also a noticeable similarity in the CD spectra of polylysine· and polyarginine·DNA complexes, except for complexes with poly(dA-dT). The calculated CD spectrum of polylysine-bound poly(dA-dT) is substantially different from that of polyarginine-bound poly(dA-dT).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1975.360141113
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of large-ligand binding to one-dimensional lattices: theory of irreversible binding (1979)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 18 (1979), S. 765-788 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Exact solutions are obtained for the time dependence of the extent of irreversible binding of ligands that cover more than one lattice site to a homogeneous one-dimensional lattice. The binding may be cooperative or noncooperative and the lattice either finite or infinite. Although the form of the solution is most convenient when the ligand concentration is buffered, exact numerical or approximate analytical solutions, including upper and lower bounds, can be derived for the case of variable ligand concentration as well. The physical reason behind the relative simplicity of the kinetics of irreversible as opposed to reversible binding in such systems is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1979.360180404
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Warm hydrostatic extrusion of polyethylene (1978)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 18 (1978), S. 908-916 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Hydrostatic extrusion of high density polyethylene at an extrusion ratio of 15:1 was investigated in the temperature range between 100 and 134°C. A thin-walled tube was extruded having a tensile strength of 370 MPa and a tensile modulus of 10 GPa. The extrusion rate was limited by severe extrudate distortion which occurs at a limiting shear stress under stick-slip conditions. Even during steady extrusion wall slip was evident. At a constant extrusion speed, the extrusion pressure was found to be very sensitive to the extrusion temperature. An increase from 120 to 125°C reduced the extrusion pressure by half. Various thermal pretreatments of the starting billets were found to have little effect on the extrusion behavior and physical properties of the extrudate.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760181115
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase forms by serum and insulin in cultured fibroblasts (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 100 (1979), S. 497-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A rapid reduction of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity occurs after the replating of confluent cultures of BHK 21 c/13 fibroblasts into fresh medium. This reduction in activity depends on the density to which the cultures are reseeded and the concentration of serum in the medium. Enzyme activity in BHK cells is restored after 24 to 48 hours if cells are diluted into medium containing 10% fetal calf serum or 0.5% fetal calf serum supplemented with insulin (10-6 M), but not into 0.5% serum alone. The restoration in enzyme activity is blocked by cycloheximide or Actinomycin D.When BHK cells become quiescent by maintenance in 0.5% serum conditions for 48 hours, a rapid (15-60 minutes) increase in cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity occurs when 10% serum is added to the cultures. Enzyme activity is increased even further after 24 to 48 hours in the 10% serum. Cycloheximide or Actinomycin D do not affect the rapid increase in enzyme activity in response to serum, but completely inhibit the long term increase. In contrast to serum, insulin (10-8 to 10-6 M) has no short term effect, but does increase enzyme activity after 24 to 48 hours to levels comparable to those seen with addition of 10% serum. As is the case with serum, this long term effect of insulin on enzyme activity is prevented by inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis.Kinetic analyses of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity in homogenates of quiescent BHK cells indicate the presence of only high Km (≃ 20 μM) enzyme activity. Addition of serum or insulin to quiescent cells results in the appearance of apparent low Km enzyme activity in homogenates. Sucrose gradient analysis of BHK cells displays two forms of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase enzyme activity: a 3-4 S form and 5-6 S form. In quiescent cells, the 5-6 form greatly predominates relative to the 3-4 form. Addition of serum to quiescent cells results in a rapid appearance of increased 3-4 S form enzyme activity. Insulin also increases the activity of this higher affinity 3-4 S enzyme form after 24 to 48 hours in culture. The functional significance of short and long term regulation of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase(s) in cells is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041000312
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of cyclic AMP in myogenesis (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 86 (1975), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effect of exogenously administered cyclic AMP derivatives and of endogenously elevated cyclic AMP levels on the spontaneous fusion of skeletal muscle myoblasts has been investigated. Contrary to earlier reports, cAMP does not appear to have a direct inhibitory effect on the fusion of an established line (L8) of rat myoblasts. Similarly, cAMP did not block the fusion of primary chick myoblasts. However, fusion of the rat myoblasts was prevented when the cAMP induced inhibition of growth prevented the cells from reaching the “critical” cell density necessary for fusion.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040860110
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steroid hormone toxicity in human fibroblasts does not correlate with high affinity receptor content (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 99 (1979), S. 343-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Human diploid skin fibroblasts derived from normal individuals and those with the testicular feminization syndrome (TFM) have been shown to be killed to the same degree by dihydrotestosterone in spite of the absence of high affinity cellular androgen receptors in the TFM fibroblasts. Furthermore, several different normal fibroblast strains from various anatomical sites all showed similar amounts of androgen-induced cytotoxicity even though their respective receptor contents differed by as much as ten-fold. These results suggest that steroid-induced cytotoxicity in human fibroblasts in not correlated with receptor content, unlike murine lymphoid cells in which the receptor content has been shown to be closely related to their ability to survive hormone exposure.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040990309
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