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  • Carbon dioxide
  • IDP2017
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Chemical Geology 493 (2018): 210-223, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.05.040.
    Description: The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 (IDP2017) is the second publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2016. The IDP2017 includes data from the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Southern and Indian oceans, with about twice the data volume of the previous IDP2014. For the first time, the IDP2017 contains data for a large suite of biogeochemical parameters as well as aerosol and rain data characterising atmospheric trace element and isotope (TEI) sources. The TEI data in the IDP2017 are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and multi-laboratory data comparisons at crossover stations. The IDP2017 consists of two parts: (1) a compilation of digital data for more than 450 TEIs as well as standard hydrographic parameters, and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing an on-line atlas that includes more than 590 section plots and 130 animated 3D scenes. The digital data are provided in several formats, including ASCII, Excel spreadsheet, netCDF, and Ocean Data View collection. Users can download the full data packages or make their own custom selections with a new on-line data extraction service. In addition to the actual data values, the IDP2017 also contains data quality flags and 1-σ data error values where available. Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering and for statistical analysis. Metadata about data originators, analytical methods and original publications related to the data are linked in an easily accessible way. The eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas is the visual representation of the IDP2017 as section plots and rotating 3D scenes. The basin-wide 3D scenes combine data from many cruises and provide quick overviews of large-scale tracer distributions. These 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context that is crucial for the interpretation and assessment of tracer plumes near ocean margins or along ridges. The IDP2017 is the result of a truly international effort involving 326 researchers from 25 countries. This publication provides the critical reference for unpublished data, as well as for studies that make use of a large cross-section of data from the IDP2017. This article is part of a special issue entitled: Conway GEOTRACES - edited by Tim M. Conway, Tristan Horner, Yves Plancherel, and Aridane G. González.
    Description: We gratefully acknowledge financial support by the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) through grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation, including grants OCE-0608600, OCE-0938349, OCE-1243377, and OCE-1546580. Financial support was also provided by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), the Ministry of Earth Science of India, the Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, l'Université Paul Sabatier de Toulouse, the Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées Toulouse, the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, the Kiel Excellence Cluster The Future Ocean, the Swedish Museum of Natural History, The University of Tokyo, The University of British Columbia, The Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, the GEOMAR-Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, and the Alfred Wegener Institute.
    Keywords: GEOTRACES ; Trace elements ; Isotopes ; Electronic atlas ; IDP2017
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 2
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    Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 1997
    Description: This dissertation contributes to the search for a cause of glacial/interglacial variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide. The hypotheses addressed involve changes in low and high-latitude biological export production. A modelling exercise demonstrates that the paleoceanographic record of calcite preservation places constraints on hypothesized changes in low latitude biological production. The model results indicate that large, production-driven changes in the depth of the calcite saturation horizon during the last ice age would have caused a similar deepening of the calcite lysocline, even when the effect of sediment respiration-driven dissolution is considered. Such a large glacial lysocline deepening is not evident on an ocean-average basis. The results indicate very few mechanisms by which low latitude production could have driven Pleisotocene carbon dioxide variations, generally arguing against a low latitude cause for these variations. The use of N isotopes as a paleoceanographic proxy for nitrate utilization in Southern Ocean was investigated. In order to examine the generation of the link between nitrate utilization and N isotopes in the surface ocean, the isotopic composition of nitrate was studied. The first step in this work was the development of a new method to measure the isotopic composition of nitrate which is amenable to the generation of large, precise data sets. Results from the Southern Ocean demonstrate that the Antarctic and Subantarctic represent distinct regimes of N isotope dynamics. The findings support the use of N isotopes as a proxy for nitrate utilization in the Antarctic. A study of diatom microfossil-bound N in sediments suggests that this N is native to the diatoms, that it is invulnerable to early diagenesis, and that its isotopic compositon varies with that of the sinking flux. Paleoceanographic records of diatom-bound N isotopic composition corroborate the conclusion, previously based on bulk sediment isotopic data, that nitrate utilization was elevated in the glacial Antarctic, representing a major cause of lower glacial atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
    Description: This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship Program, the JOI!USSAC Ocean Drilling Graduate Fellowship Program, and by NSF grant OCE-9201286 to D.C. McCorkle.
    Keywords: Nitrogen ; Isotopes ; Stable isotopes ; Paleoceanography ; Carbon dioxide ; Atmospheric carbon dioxide ; Polarstern (Ship) Cruise
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Thesis
    Format: application/pdf
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