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  • 1
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    The enigma of prokaryotic life in deep hypersaline anoxic basins (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-08
    Beschreibung: Deep hypersaline anoxic basins in the Mediterranean Sea are a legacy of dissolution of ancient subterranean salt deposits from the Miocene period. Our study revealed that these hypersaline basins are not biogeochemical dead ends, but support in situ sulfate reduction, methanogenesis, and heterotrophic activity. A wide diversity of prokaryotes was observed, including a new, abundant, deeply branching order within the Euryarchaeota. Furthermore, we demonstrated the presence of a unique, metabolically active microbial community in the Discovery basin, which is one of the most extreme terrestrial saline environments known, as it is almost saturated with MgCl2 (5 M).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van der Wielen, Paul W J J -- Bolhuis, Henk -- Borin, Sara -- Daffonchio, Daniele -- Corselli, Cesare -- Giuliano, Laura -- D'Auria, Giuseppe -- de Lange, Gert J -- Huebner, Andreas -- Varnavas, Sotirios P -- Thomson, John -- Tamburini, Christian -- Marty, Danielle -- McGenity, Terry J -- Timmis, Kenneth N -- BioDeep Scientific Party -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 7;307(5706):121-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, University of Groningen, 9751 NN Haren, Netherlands. paul.van.der.wielen@kiwa.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15637281" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Anaerobiosis ; Archaea/classification/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Bacteria/classification/isolation & purification ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Biodiversity ; Cluster Analysis ; *Ecosystem ; Euryarchaeota/classification/isolation & purification/physiology ; Genes, Archaeal ; Genes, Bacterial ; Genes, rRNA ; Magnesium Chloride/analysis ; Mediterranean Sea ; Methane/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Seawater/chemistry/*microbiology ; *Sodium Chloride ; Sulfates/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    AKTUELLE ARTIKEL
  • 2
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    Isotopic compositions of cometary matter returned by Stardust (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-12-16
    Beschreibung: Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotopic compositions are heterogeneous among comet 81P/Wild 2 particle fragments; however, extreme isotopic anomalies are rare, indicating that the comet is not a pristine aggregate of presolar materials. Nonterrestrial nitrogen and neon isotope ratios suggest that indigenous organic matter and highly volatile materials were successfully collected. Except for a single (17)O-enriched circumstellar stardust grain, silicate and oxide minerals have oxygen isotopic compositions consistent with solar system origin. One refractory grain is (16)O-enriched, like refractory inclusions in meteorites, suggesting that Wild 2 contains material formed at high temperature in the inner solar system and transported to the Kuiper belt before comet accretion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKeegan, Kevin D -- Aleon, Jerome -- Bradley, John -- Brownlee, Donald -- Busemann, Henner -- Butterworth, Anna -- Chaussidon, Marc -- Fallon, Stewart -- Floss, Christine -- Gilmour, Jamie -- Gounelle, Matthieu -- Graham, Giles -- Guan, Yunbin -- Heck, Philipp R -- Hoppe, Peter -- Hutcheon, Ian D -- Huth, Joachim -- Ishii, Hope -- Ito, Motoo -- Jacobsen, Stein B -- Kearsley, Anton -- Leshin, Laurie A -- Liu, Ming-Chang -- Lyon, Ian -- Marhas, Kuljeet -- Marty, Bernard -- Matrajt, Graciela -- Meibom, Anders -- Messenger, Scott -- Mostefaoui, Smail -- Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy -- Nakamura-Messenger, Keiko -- Nittler, Larry -- Palma, Russ -- Pepin, Robert O -- Papanastassiou, Dimitri A -- Robert, Francois -- Schlutter, Dennis -- Snead, Christopher J -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Stroud, Rhonda -- Tsou, Peter -- Westphal, Andrew -- Young, Edward D -- Ziegler, Karen -- Zimmermann, Laurent -- Zinner, Ernst -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1724-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567, USA. mckeegan@ess.ucla.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170292" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Carbon Isotopes/*analysis ; Deuterium/*analysis ; Hydrogen/analysis ; Isotopes/*analysis ; *Meteoroids ; Neon/analysis ; Nitrogen Isotopes/*analysis ; Noble Gases/analysis ; Oxygen Isotopes/*analysis ; Spacecraft
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    AKTUELLE ARTIKEL
  • 3
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    SABER (TIMED) and MLS (UARS) Temperature Observations of Mesospheric and Stratospheric QBO and Related Tidal Variations (2006)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-19
    Beschreibung: More than three years of temperature observations from the SABER (TIMED) and MLS WARS) instruments are analyzed to study the annual and inter-annual variations extending from the stratosphere into the upper mesosphere. The SABER measurements provide data from a wide altitude range (15 to 95 km) for the years 2002 to 2004, while the MLS data were taken in the 16 to 55 km altitude range a decade earlier. Because of the sampling properties of SABER and MLS, the variations with local solar time must be accounted for when estimating the zonal mean variations. An algorithm is thus applied that delineates with Fourier analysis the year-long variations of the migrating tides and zonal mean component. The amplitude of the diurnal tide near the equator shows a strong semiannual periodicity with maxima near equinox, which vary from year to year to indicate the influence from the Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO) in the zonal circulation. The zonal mean QBO temperature variations are analyzed over a range of latitudes and altitudes, and the results are presented for latitudes from 48"s to 48"N. New results are obtained for the QBO, especially in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere, and at mid-latitudes. At Equatorial latitudes, the QBO amplitudes show local peaks, albeit small, that occur at different altitudes. From about 20 to 40 km, and within about 15" of the Equator, the amplitudes can approach 3S K for the stratospheric QBO or SQBO. For the mesospheric QBO or MQBO, we find peaks near 70 km, with temperature amplitudes reaching 3.5"K, and near 85 km, the amplitudes approach 2.5OK. Morphologically, the amplitude and phase variations derived from the SABER and MLS measurements are in qualitative agreement. The QBO amplitudes tend to peak at the Equator but then increase again pole-ward of about 15" to 20'. The phase progression with altitude varies more gradually at the Equator than at mid-latitudes. A comparison of the observations with results from the Numerical Spectral Model (NSM) reveals that there is qualitative agreement. The NSM generates the QBO extending from the stratosphere into the upper mesosphere, with temperature variations extending to mid latitudes, but the predicted amplitudes are smaller than those observed.
    Schlagwort(e): Meteorology and Climatology
    Materialart: Western Pacific Geophysical meeting; Jul 24, 2006 - Jul 27, 2006; Beijing; China
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Zonal-Mean Temperature Variations Inferred from SABER Measurements on TIMED Compared with UARS Observations (2005)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-18
    Beschreibung: In the Numerical Spectral Model (NSM, Mayr et al., 2003), small-scale gravity waves propagating in the north/south direction can generate zonal mean (m = 0) meridional wind oscillations with periods between 2 and 4 months. These oscillations tend to be confined to low latitudes and have been interpreted to be the meridional counterpart of the wave-driven Quasi Biennial Oscillation in the zonal circulation. Wave driven meridional winds across the equator should generate, due to dynamical heating and cooling, temperature oscillations with opposite phase in the two hemispheres. We have analyzed SABER temperature measurements in the altitude range between 55 and 95 km to investigate the existence such variations. Because there are also strong tidal signatures (up to approximately 20 K) in the data, our algorithm estimates both mean values and tides together from the data. Based on SABER temperature data, the intra-annual variations with periods between 2 and 4 months can have amplitudes up to 5 K or more, depending on the altitude. Their amplitudes are in qualitative agreement with those inferred Erom UARS data (from different years). The SABER temperature variations also reveal pronounced hemispherical asymmetries, which are qualitatively consistent with wave driven meridional wind oscillations across the equator. Oscillations with similar periods have been seen in the meridional winds based on UARS data (Huang and Reber, 2003).
    Schlagwort(e): Meteorology and Climatology
    Materialart: Spring 2005 AGU Meeting; May 23, 2005 - May 27, 2005; New Orleans, LA; United States
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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