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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Failure of short term stimulation to reduce sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase function in homogenates of rat gastrocnemius (1995)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 146 (1995), S. 23-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: sarcoplasmic reticulum ; Ca2+ uptake ; Ca2+ ATPase ; homogenate ; exercise ; fibre type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To examine the effect of short term intense activity on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ sequestering function, the gastrocnemius (G) muscles of 11 anaesthetized male rats (weight, 411±8 g,X±SE) were activated using supramaximal, intermittent stimulation (one train of 0.2 msec impulses per sec of 100 msec at 100 Hz). Homogenates were obtained from stimulated white (WG-S) and red (RG-S) tissues, assayed for Ca2+ uptake and maximal Ca2+ ATPase activity and compared to contralateral controls (WG-C, RG-C). Calcium uptake (nmoles/mg protein/min) determined using Indo-l and at [Ca2+]f concentrations between 300–400 nM was unaffected (p〉0.05) by activity in both WG (6.14+0.43 vs 5.37+0.43) and RG (3.21+0.18 vs 3.07+0.20). Similarly, no effect (p〉0.05) of contractile activity was found for maximal Ca2+ ATPase activity (μmole/mg protein/min) determined spectrophotometrically in RG (0.276+0.03 vs 0.278+0.02). In WG, Ca2+ ATPase activity was 15% higher in WG-S compared to WG-C (0.412+0.03 vs 0.385+0.04). Repetitive stimulation resulted in a reduction in tetanic tension of 74% (p〈0.05) by 2 min in the G muscle. By the end of the stimulation period, ATP concentration was reduced (p〈0.05) by 57% in the WG and by 47% in the RG. These results indicate that the repeated generation of maximal tetanic force, at least for short term periods, need not adversely affectin vitro homogenate determination of Ca2+ sequestering function in spite of severe alterations in energy potential and that some other mechanism must be involved to explain the depression in Ca2+ uptake and Ca2+ ATPase activity previously noted with short term intense exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00926877
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    Aerodynamic influence coefficient method using singularity splines (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A numerical lifting surface formulation, including computed results for planar wing cases is presented. This formulation, referred to as the vortex spline scheme, combines the adaptability to complex shapes offered by paneling schemes with the smoothness and accuracy of loading function methods. The formulation employes a continuous distribution of singularity strength over a set of panels on a paneled wing. The basic distributions are independent, and each satisfied all the continuity conditions required of the final solution. These distributions are overlapped both spanwise and chordwise. Boundary conditions are satisfied in a least square error sense over the surface using a finite summing technique to approximate the integral. The current formulation uses the elementary horseshoe vortex as the basic singularity and is therefore restricted to linearized potential flow. As part of the study, a non planar development was considered, but the numerical evaluation of the lifting surface concept was restricted to planar configurations. Also, a second order sideslip analysis based on an asymptotic expansion was investigated using the singularity spline formulation.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-2423 , D6-41093
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Aerodynamic influence coefficient method using singularity splines. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A new numerical formulation with computed results, is presented. This formulation combines the adaptability to complex shapes offered by paneling schemes with the smoothness and accuracy of the loading function methods. The formulation employs a continuous distribution of singularity strength over a set of panels on a paneled wing. The basic distributions are independent, and each satisfies all of the continuity conditions required of the final solution. These distributions are overlapped both spanwise and chordwise (termed 'spline'). Boundary conditions are satisfied in a least square error sense over the surface using a finite summing technique to approximate the integral.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 73-123 , Aerospace Sciences Meeting; Jan 10, 1973 - Jan 12, 1973; Washington, DC
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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