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  • AT/GC pressure  (1)
  • CUN leucine codons  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Codon reassignment (codon capture) in evolution (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 28 (1989), S. 271-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genetic code ; Codon reassignment ; Codon capture ; Directional mutation pressure ; AT/GC pressure ; Wobble rules ; Mitochondria ; Mycoplasma ; Ciliated protozoa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The genetic code, once thought to be “frozen”, show variations from the universal code. Variations are found in mitochondria,Mycoplasma, and ciliated protozoa. The variations results from reassignment of codons, especially stop codons. The ressignments take place by disappearance of a codon from coding sequences, followed by its reappearance in a new role. Simultaneously, a changed anticodon must appear. We discuss the role of directional mutation pressure in the pressure in the events, and we also describe the possibility that such events have taken place during early evolution of the genetic code and can occur during its present evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02103422
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of the mitochondrial genetic code III. Reassignment of CUN codons from leucine to threonine during evolution of yeast mitochondria (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 30 (1990), S. 322-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genetic code ; Codon reassignment (capture) ; CUN leucine codons ; CUN threonine codons ; tRNA ; Yeast mitochondria ; tRNA synthetases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Yeast mitochondria use UUR as the sole leucine codons. CUN, universal leucine codons, are read as threonine by aberrant threonine tRNA with anticodon sequence (UAG). The reassignment of CUN codons to threonine during yeast mitochondrial evolution could have proceeded by the disappearance of CUN codons from the reading frames of messenger RNA, through mutation mainly to UUR leucine codons as a result of AT pressure. We suggest that this was accompanied by a loss of leucine-accepting ability of tRNA Leu(UAG). This tRNA could have then acquired threonine-accepting activity through the appearance of an additional threonyl-tRNA synthetase. CUN codons that subsequently appeared from mutations of various other codons would have been translated as threonine. This change in the yeast mitochondrial genetic code is likely to have evolved through a series of nondisruptive nucleotide substitutions that produced no widespread replacement of leucine by threonine in proteins as a consequence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02101886
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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