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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Several silicon-carbide fiber reinforced titanium matrix composite systems were investigated to determine composite degradation mechanisms and to develop techniques to minimize loss of mechanical properties during fabrication and in service. Emphasis was on interface control by fiber or matrix coatings. Fibers and matrix materials were sputter coated with various metals to determine the effects of the coatings on basic fiber properties, fiber-matrix interactions, and on composite properties. The effects of limited variations in fabrication temperature on composite properties were determined for composites consolidated by standard press-diffusion-bonding techniques.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-12-01
    Description: Residual stresses are developed in metal matrix composites during consolidation because of the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the fiber and matrix constituents. X-ray diffraction techniques were used to measure tensile residual stresses in the matrix component of two different titanium alloy composites reinforced with continuous silicon carbide fibers. The titanium alloy matrices were a beta-stabilized alloy Ti-15V-3Al-3Cr-3Sn, and an ordered multiphase (alpha + beta) alloy, Ti-14Al-21Nb. Residual tensile stresses as high as 62 percent of the yield of Ti-15V-3Al-3Cr-3Sn and 70 percent of the yield of Ti-14Al-21Nb were measured in the longitudinal direction on unidirectionally reinforced composites. By measuring residual stresses in four different composite lay-ups, the composite lay-up was determined to have a significant effect on the residual stress state near the surface.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Several composite systems made of titanium matrix reinforced with silicon carbide fiber were investigated to obtain a better understanding of composite-degradation mechanisms and to develop techniques to minimize loss of mechanical properties during fabrication and in service. Emphasis was on interface control by fiber or matrix coatings. X-ray diffraction studies on planar samples showed that the formation of titanium silicides was greatly inhibited by the presence of aluminum or Ti3A1 layers at the fiber-matrix interface, with the Ti3A1 being more effective in reducing the reactions. Fiber studies showed that coating the fiber with a 1-micron-thick layer of aluminum improved the as-fabricated strength of a stoichiometric SiC fiber and reduced the fiber degradation during exposure to composite-fabrication conditions. Applying an interfacial barrier by coating the matrix foils instead of the fibers was found to be an effective method for improving composite strength. Reducing the fabrication temperature also resulted in significant improvements in composite strengths. Good-quality, well-consolidated composites were fabricated at temperatures well below those currently used for SiC-Ti composite fabrication.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-TP-2066 , L-15381 , NAS 1.60:2066
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The degradation of silicon carbide fibers during exposure to conditions typical of composite fabrication was investigated. The tensile strength of pristine fibers and fibers sputtered with thin metal coatings were determined before and after treatment at 870 C for one hour in vacuum. Each fiber strength distribution was related by an analytical procedure to a projected composite ultimate tensile strength (PC UTS). The results indicate that a thin aluminum diffusion barrier can yield a 150 percent increase in PC UTS over the baseline SiC/Ti system.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-TM-83122
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The behavior of graphite and several charring ablators in a variety of high radiative heat flux environments was studied in various radiative environments produced by a CO2 laser and a carbon arc facility. Graphite was also tested in xenon arc radiation. Tests were conducted in air nitrogen, helium, and a mixture of CO2 and nitrogen, simulating the Venus atmosphere. The experimental results are compared with theoretical results obtained with a one dimensional charring ablator analysis and a two dimensional subliming ablator analysis. Photomicroscopy showed no significant differences in appearance or microstructure of the charring ablators or graphite after testing in the three different facilities, indicating that the materials respond fundamentally the same to the radiation of different frequencies. The performance of phenolic nylon and graphite was satisfactorily predicted with existing analyses and published material property data.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-68726
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Free graphite fibers released into the environment from resin matrix composite components, as a result of fire and/or explosion, pose a potential hazard to electrical equipment. An approach to prevent the fibers from becoming airborne is to use hybrid composite materials which retain the fibers at the burn site. Test results are presented for three hybrid composites that were exposed to a simulation of an aircraft fire and explosion. The hybrid systems consisted of 16 plies of graphite-epoxy with two plies of Kevlar-, S-glass-, or boron-epoxy on each face. Two different test environments were used. In one environment, specimens were heated by convection only, and then impacted by a falling mass. In the other environment, specimens were heated by convection and by radiation, but were not impacted. The convective heat flux was about 100-120 kW/m in both environments and the radiative flux was about 110 kW/sq m.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-TM-78762
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A study was undertaken to identify the mechanisms of mechanical property degradation in a Borsic (silicon-carbide coated boron) fiber reinforced Ti-3Al-2.5V composite exposed to elevated temperature. Samples containing 0.45 volume fraction of fibers were exposed, in vacuum, to temperatures from 700 K to 1255 K for times up to 240 hours. Room temperature tensile properties of unidirectional material were determined in both the longitudinal and transverse directions, before and after high-temperature exposure. Electron micro-probe analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used to determine the compounds formed and the extent of interaction between the boron, SiC coating, and matrix materials.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Type: The enigma of the eighties: Environment, economics, energy; Twenty-fourth National Symposium and Exhibition; May 08, 1979 - May 10, 1979; San Francisco, CA
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The paper provides a detailed X-ray characterization of a borsic/Ti-3Al-2-1/2V composite, and to correlate the relative intensities of the reaction products with the mechanical properties. Based on X-ray integrated intensity data two stages of interface reactions were identified: during the first stage there is a simultaneous interdiffusion of Si, C, and Ti atoms at the filament/matrix interface resulting in the formation of Ti5Si3, TiSi and small amounts of TiSi2 and TiC. The second stage is associated with considerable TiSi2 and boride formation. It appears that the alpha-phase of Ti is more reactive in forming silicides and borides than the beta-phase. The silicide intensities and the reaction zone thicknesses are shown to be directly related to the reduction of the ultimate tensile strength by thermal degradation, and the results indicate that silicide reaction products are as detrimental to strength as the borides.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Type: New developments and applications in composites; 17, 1978; Louis, MO.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Recent studies have shown that the benefits gained by using graphite-epoxy composite structures may not be realized without some risk. The graphite fibers are very good electrical conductors and fibers released into the environment during a fire create a possible hazard to electrical equipment. Several graphite-epoxy hybrids were exposed to a fire and simulated explosion and their graphite fiber retention characteristics were examined. Several low melting-temperature glasses which wet and clump graphite-fibers and a glass/graphite fabric which reduced impact damage were identified as promising hybridizing components to minimize graphite fiber release.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Type: The enigma of the eighties: Environment, economics, energy; Twenty-fourth National Symposium and Exhibition; May 08, 1979 - May 10, 1979; San Francisco, CA
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