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  • 1
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    A Positive trajectory for corals at Little Cayman Island (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/12341 | 9 | 2014-03-25 18:26:34 | 12341 | Central Caribbean Marine Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-29
    Description: Coral reefs are damaged by natural disturbances and local and global anthropogenic stresses. As stresses intensify, so do debates about whether reefs will recover after significant damage. True headway in this debate requires documented temporal trajectories for coral assemblages subjected to various combinations of stresses; therefore, we report relevant changes in coral assemblages at Little Cayman Island. Between 1999 and 2012, spatiotemporal patterns in cover, densities of juveniles and size structure of assemblages were documented inside and outside marine protected areas using transects, quadrats and measurements of maximum diameters. Over five years, bleaching and disease caused live cover to decrease from 26% to 14%, with full recovery seven years later. Juvenile densities varied, reaching a maximum in 2010. Both patterns were consistent within and outside protected areas. In addition, dominant coral species persisted within and outside protected areas although their size frequency distributions varied temporally and spatially. The health of the coral assemblage and the similarity of responses across levels of protection suggested that negligible anthropogenic disturbance at the local scale was a key factor underlying the observed resilience.
    Description: Article Number e75432
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1-9
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  • 2
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    Production and carbonate dynamics of Halimeda incrassata (Ellis)Lamouroux altered by Thalassia testudinum Banks and Soland ex König (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20862 | 9 | 2016-06-30 16:07:47 | 20862 | Central Caribbean Marine Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Ocean acidification poses a serious threat to a broad suite of calcifying organisms. Scleractinian corals and cal-careous algae that occupy shallow, tropical waters are vulnerable to global changes in ocean chemistry be-cause they already are subject to stressful and variable carbon dynamics at the local scale. For example, netheterotrophy increases carbon dioxide concentrations, and pH varies with diurnal fluctuations in photosyn-thesis and respiration. Few researchers, however, have investigated the possibility that carbon dioxide con-sumption during photosynthesis by non-calcifying photoautotrophs, such as seagrasses, can amelioratedeleterious effects of ocean acidification on sympatric calcareous algae. Naturally occurring variations inthe density of seagrasses and associated calcareous algae provide an ecologically relevant test of the hypoth-esis that dielfluctuations in water chemistry driven by cycles of photosynthesis and respiration withinseagrass beds create microenvironments that enhance macroalgal calcification. In Grape Tree Bay off LittleCayman Island BWI, we quantified net production and characterized calcification for thalli of the calcareousgreen algaHalimeda incrassatagrowing within beds ofThalassia testudinumwith varying shoot densities. Re-sults indicated that individualH.incrassatathalli were ~6% more calcified in dense seagrass beds. On an arealbasis, however, far more calcium carbonate was produced byH.incrassatain areas where seagrasses wereless dense due to higher rates of production. In addition, diel pH regimes in vegetated and unvegetatedareas within the lagoon were not significantly different, suggesting a high degree of water exchange andmixing throughout the lagoon. These results suggest that, especially in well-mixed lagoons, carbonate pro-duction by calcareous algae may be more related to biotic interactions between seagrasses and calcareousalgae than to seagrass-mediated changes in local water chemistry.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Ecology ; Environment ; Calcareous algae ; Calcification ; Ocean acidification ; Photosynthesis ; Respiration ; Seagrass
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 73-80
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  • 3
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    Nutrient Limitation of Periphyton in a Spring-Fed, Coastal Stream in Florida, USA. (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1642 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:15:42 | 1642 | Aquatic Plant Management Society, Inc.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: There is strong evidence to suggest that ground-waternitrate concentrations have increased in recent years andfurther increases are expected along portions of the centralGulf coast of Florida. Much of the nitrate enriched groundwateris discharged into surface waters through numerousfreshwater springs that are characteristic of the area and thepotential for eutrophication of their receiving waters is alegitimate concern. To test the potential effects of elevatednutrient concentrations on the periphyton community aninsitunutrient addition experiment was conducted in thespring-fed Chassahowitzka River, FL, USA, during the summerof 1999. Plastic tubes housing arrays of glass microscopeslides were suspended in the stream. Periphyton colonizingthe microscope slides was subjected to artificial increases innitrogen, phosphorus or a combination of both. Slides fromeach tube were collected at 3- to 4- day intervals and theperiphyton communities were measured for chlorophyll concentration.The addition of approximately 10 μg/L of phosphateabove ambient concentrations significantly increasedthe amount of periphyton on artificial substrates relative tocontrols; the addition of approximately 100 μg/L of nitrateabove ambient concentrations did not. The findings fromthis experiment implicated phosphorus, rather thannitrogen, as the nutrient that potentially limits periphytongrowth in this system.(PDF contains 4 pages.)
    Description: January 2003
    Keywords: Management ; Biology ; Limnology ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus ; Bioassay ; Eutrophication ; Nutrient Enrichment ; Chassahowitzka River ; Florida ; springs
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 57-60
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  • 4
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    Whole-genome patterns of common DNA variation in three human populations (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: Individual differences in DNA sequence are the genetic basis of human variability. We have characterized whole-genome patterns of common human DNA variation by genotyping 1,586,383 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 71 Americans of European, African, and Asian ancestry. Our results indicate that these SNPs capture most common genetic variation as a result of linkage disequilibrium, the correlation among common SNP alleles. We observe a strong correlation between extended regions of linkage disequilibrium and functional genomic elements. Our data provide a tool for exploring many questions that remain regarding the causal role of common human DNA variation in complex human traits and for investigating the nature of genetic variation within and between human populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hinds, David A -- Stuve, Laura L -- Nilsen, Geoffrey B -- Halperin, Eran -- Eskin, Eleazar -- Ballinger, Dennis G -- Frazer, Kelly A -- Cox, David R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1072-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Perlegen Sciences Inc., 2021 Stierlin Court, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans/*genetics ; Algorithms ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Chromosome Mapping ; Databases, Genetic ; European Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Multifactorial Inheritance ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Recombination, Genetic ; Risk Factors ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Common sequence polymorphisms shaping genetic diversity in Arabidopsis thaliana (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-21
    Description: The genomes of individuals from the same species vary in sequence as a result of different evolutionary processes. To examine the patterns of, and the forces shaping, sequence variation in Arabidopsis thaliana, we performed high-density array resequencing of 20 diverse strains (accessions). More than 1 million nonredundant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified at moderate false discovery rates (FDRs), and approximately 4% of the genome was identified as being highly dissimilar or deleted relative to the reference genome sequence. Patterns of polymorphism are highly nonrandom among gene families, with genes mediating interaction with the biotic environment having exceptional polymorphism levels. At the chromosomal scale, regional variation in polymorphism was readily apparent. A scan for recent selective sweeps revealed several candidate regions, including a notable example in which almost all variation was removed in a 500-kilobase window. Analyzing the polymorphisms we describe in larger sets of accessions will enable a detailed understanding of forces shaping population-wide sequence variation in A. thaliana.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, Richard M -- Schweikert, Gabriele -- Toomajian, Christopher -- Ossowski, Stephan -- Zeller, Georg -- Shinn, Paul -- Warthmann, Norman -- Hu, Tina T -- Fu, Glenn -- Hinds, David A -- Chen, Huaming -- Frazer, Kelly A -- Huson, Daniel H -- Scholkopf, Bernhard -- Nordborg, Magnus -- Ratsch, Gunnar -- Ecker, Joseph R -- Weigel, Detlef -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 20;317(5836):338-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tubingen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17641193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Arabidopsis/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Plant/genetics ; Computational Biology ; Gene Frequency ; Genes, Plant ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Plant ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Selection, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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