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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of conformation of rat galanin in the presence and absence of water with the use of monte Carlo methods and the ECEPP/3 force field (1994)
    Springer
    The protein journal 13 (1994), S. 375-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Rat galanin ; conformational energy calculations ; Monte Carlo methods ; effect of environment on conformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The conformation of the 29-residue rat galanin neuropeptide was studied using the Monte Carlo with energy minimization (MCM) and electrostatically driven Monte Carlo (EDMC) methods. According to a previously elaborated procedure, the polypeptide chain was first treated in a united-residue approximation, in order to enable extensive exploration of the conformational space to be carried out (with the use of MCM), Then the low-energy united-residue conformations were converted to the all-atom representations, and EDMC simulations were carried out for the all-atom polypeptide chains, using the ECEPP/3 force field with hydration included. In order to estimate the effect of environment on galanin conformation, the low-energy conformations obtained as a result of these simulations were taken as starting structures for further EDMC runs that did not include hydration. The lowest-energy conformation obtained in aqueous solution calculations had a nonhelical N-terminal part packed against the nonpolar face of a residual helix that extended from Pro13 toward the C-terminus. One next lowest-energy structure was a nearly-all-helical conformation, but with a markedly higher energy. In contrast, all of the low-energy conformations in the absence of water were all-helical differing only by the extent to which the helix was kinked around Pro13. These results are in qualitative agreement with the available NMR and CD data of galanin in aqueous and nonaqueous solvents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01901693
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of unusual Arginine-Arginine short-range interactions to stabilization and recognition in proteins (1994)
    Springer
    The protein journal 13 (1994), S. 195-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Arginine ; guanidinium ; ion-pair interactions ; solvation ; electrostatic ; semi-empirical
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Although the majority of the ion pairs found in proteins consists of two charges of opposite sign, the observation of some unusual arrangements of two arginines led us to a search of such occurrences in the Brookhaven Protein Data Bank. We have found 41 Arginine-Arginine interactions with a Cζ...Cζ distance less than 5 å. Computer graphics analysis of these structures shows that most of the Arg-Arg pairs are found in the vicinity of the surface of the proteins, in an easily hydrated region. In order to determine which factors could stabilize such arrangements of species of similar charge, we have carried out AM1 semi-empirical calculations on a model of two guanidinium ions surrounded by several water molecules. The results show the existence of stable clusters with six or more water molecules, with distances between Cζ atoms around 3 å. The bridging role of the water molecules is an important structural and energetic feature and we find bridges of two and three molecules between the guanidinium ions. These results are in good agreement with the structures found in our search of the experimental data. Enhancement of the electrostatic potential around these clusters, when compared to one of the guanidinium ions alone, is also demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01891978
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implementation of the ECEPP algorithm, the Monte Carlo minimization method, and the electrostatically driven Monte Carlo method on the Kendall square research KSR1 computer (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 16 (1995), S. 1153-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Biochemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: In this article the adaptation of the Empirical Conformational Energy Program for Peptides (ECEPP/3) and two conformational search methods [viz., the Monte Carlo minimization (MCM) method and the electrostatically driven Monte Carlo (EDMC) method] to the Kendall Square Research KSR1 computer is described. The MCM and EDMC methods were developed to surmount the multiple-minima problem in protein folding. Parallelization of these codes led to substantial speedups (expressed as the ratio between the mean time per energy evaluation in one processor and the mean time per energy evaluation in a set of processors) over the serial versions of these codes. A comparison of the performance of these algorithms on the KSR1 and on the IBM ES9000 computers is presented. © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540160909
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational analysis of proteins: Algorithms and data structures for array processing (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 1 (1980), S. 46-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Biochemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: Current efforts to determine the nature of the interactions that influence protein folding involve, among other things, minimization of an appropriate empirical conformational energy function (ECEPP, Emprical Conformational Energy Program for Peptides) to obtain the native structure. Because of the prohibitive cost of such a massive computational project, either on a conventional large-scale machine at a self-supporting installation or on a dedicated minicomputer, an alternative computer hardware system has been developed to aid in the conformational analysis of proteins. It consists of a Floating Point Systems AP-120B array processor and a Prime 350 minicomputer host. A version of ECEPP has been adapted to run on the AP-120B. The data structures and algorithms chosen for this version reflect the highly unusual parallel architecture of this machine. Benchmark comparisons with BPTI (Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor), a protein of 58 residues and a known structure, have been carried out on this system as well as on an IBM 370/168. They show a significant advantage in speed for the AP-120B/Prime 350 system as well as a substantially lower cost. An energy minimization of BPTI with 154 variable dihedral angles is reported, an effort heretofore prohibited by the computer costs involved.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540010106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Revised algorithms for the build-up procedure for predicting protein conformations by energy minimization (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 8 (1987), S. 826-834 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Biochemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: The build-up procedure for predicting low-energy conformations of polypeptides has been extended to cover the case of peptides in aqueous solutions. The revised procedure consists of five steps to be applied to each stage of the build-up. I. All low-energy minima of each of the two fragments to be joined are combined as starting points for energy minimization of the enlarged fragment, and those minima of the enlarged fragment within a certain upper bound of the lowest energy are retained. II. Whenever one of the combinations in Step I leads to an atomic overlap, the minimization is started again using a pseudoenergy function which remains finite everywhere and becomes equal to the standard energy function when no atoms overlap. III. The minima generated in Steps I and II are culled by ignoring side-chain conformations and retaining only those minima whose backbone conformations differ significantly. IV. The rotameric states of the side chains are optimized, by testing their energy of interaction with the rest of the molecule, and subjecting the whole molecule to a further round of energy minimization if the test indicates that this would reduce the energy. V. The energies of all minima are recomputed with inclusion of a term for solvation and with a smaller upper bound as the criterion for retention. The original build-up procedure consisted of Steps I and III only. Examples are presented showing the effectiveness of the new Steps II and IV in locating low-energy minima, and the problems that remain to be solved, chiefly concerning Step V, are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540080611
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