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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monosomic additions in beet (Beta vulgaris) carrying extra chromosomes of B. procumbens (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 656-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Beta procumbens ; Alien monosomic additions ; Plant development in vivo ; Development in vitro
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Alien monosomic additions in beet (Beta vulgaris), each carrying one of the nine chromosomes of B. procumbens, were grown in vivo and in vitro to study the effect of the alien chromosomes on plant development. All additional chromosomes caused a reduction of the growth rate in vivo, which, in one case was so strong that some of the plants died as seedlings. In general, the morphological plant characteristics were not very useful to distinguish the addition types; this could have been the results of the wide variation in the recipient parent. However, some developmental characteristics proved to be highly chromosome-specific; for plants in vivo this was annuality, in combination with early or late flowering. If grown in vitro, chromosome specificity was observed for growth type (rosette or elongated stem), occurrence and rate of vitrification, occurrence and morphology of wound callus, formation of additional meristems on the midribs of leaves, formation of roots and a specific reaction to benzylaminopurine (BAP) the medium. Two chromosome types of B. procumbens caused resistance to the beet cyst nematode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303509
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isozyme analysis of primary trisomies in beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Genetical characterization and techniques for chromosomal assignment of two enzyme-coding loci: leucine aminopeptidase and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 761-768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Primary trisomies ; Beet ; Beta vulgaris ; Isozyme polymorphism ; Chromosomal assignment ; Distorted segregation ; Dosage shift
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Segregating families of beet (Beta vulgaris) were used to verify the monofactorial inheritance of two enzyme-coding loci, leucine aminopeptidase (Lap1) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (Got3). With a series of primary trisomies and using three methods to discriminate between the critical trisomic (the locus is situated on the triplicated chromosome) and the non-critical ones, it was possible to allocate the two loci to beet chromosomes I and II, respectively. For the locus Lap1 distorted segregation ratios were estimated, and the incorporation of three alleles into one plant was attempted. In the case of Got3 the measurement of the allele dosage effect after electrophoresis was chosen as the major strategy. The output of laser densitometric scans were subjected to the non-parametrical Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222667
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of resistance to beet necrotic yellow vein virus in Beta vulgaris conferred by a second gene for resistance (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 740-746 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Beet necrotic yellow vein virus ; Beta vulgaris ; Inheritance ; Resistance genes ; Rhizomania ; STS markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   Rhizomania is a serious disease of sugar beet, caused by beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV). The disease can only be controlled by the use of resistant cultivars. The accession Holly contains a single dominant gene for resistance, called Rz. The identification of a locus for resistance that differs from Rz would provide possibilities to produce cultivars with multiple resistance to BNYVV. Inheritance of resistance to BNYVV was studied by screening progenies of crosses between resistant plants of the accessions Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima WB42 and B. vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Holly-1–4 or R104. Observed and expected segregation ratios were compared to elucidate whether the resistance genes in the three accessions are alleles or situated on different loci. STS markers, linked to the genes for resistance, were used to study the segregation in more detail. The results demonstrated that the genes for resistance to BNYVV inHolly-1-4 and WB42 are closely linked. The gene for resistance in R104 is at the same locus as in Holly-1-4, and also closely linked to the gene in WB42. As the Holly resistance gene has been named Rz, the name Rz2 is proposed to refer to the resistance gene in WB42. Consequently, the gene Rz should be referred to as Rz1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051292
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monosomic additions in beet (Beta vulgaris) carrying extra chromosomes of Beta procumbens (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 577-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Beta procumbens ; Alien monosomic additions ; Isozyme markers ; Chromosome identification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Eleven isozyme systems were used to identify the extra chromosomes, originating from Beta procumbens, in progenies of 33 monosomic additions in beet (B. vulgaris). Nine groups of monosomic additions could be distinguished, representing the nine different chromosome types of B. procumbens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260912
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid hybridization-based assays for identification by DNA probes of male-sterile and male-fertile cytoplasms of the sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 819-824 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Cytoplasmic male sterility ; mtDNA probes ; Miniassays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Methods are described whereby hybridization of mitochondrial (mt) DNA with different DNA probes can definitely distinguish male-fertile and and male-sterile (cms) cytoplasms of sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. We have developed two types of miniassays. (1) Comparative methods requiring the isolation and restriction of total cellular DNA, hybridization with cloned mtDNA fragments from either fertile or male-sterile cytoplasms, and comparison of the hybridization patterns to the fertile-and sterile-specific patterns of mtDNA of sugar beet for the given mtDNA probe. For these analyses, we routinely used 1 g of plant material to determine the type of cytoplasm. (2) Noncomparative (“plus-minus”) methods requiring neither the isolation of pure DNA nor restriction, electrophoresis, or Southern blotting. Instead, alkaline-SDS plant extracts from as little as 50 mg of plant material were dot-blotted and hybridized with fertile-specific (mitochondrial minicircular DNA) and/or cms-specific probes (consisting of a 2.3-kb mtDNA sequence exclusively occurring in the cms cytoplasm). The assays are simple to perform, give definitive results, are nonde-structive to the plants, and may be used in mass screening of sugar beet populations for hybrid production or in in vitro culture processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224996
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of mitochondrial DNA of different subtypes of male-sterile cytoplasms of the sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 11-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Cytoplasmic male sterility ; mtDNA ; Restriction fragment patterns ; Filter hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mitochondrial (mt) DNA from eight cytoplasmic male-sterile (cms) lines of sugar beet from different breeding stations was investigated by restriction fragment analysis and Southern hybridization. All cms lines showed similar but not identical restriction and hybridization signal patterns, readily distinguishable from those of fertile (N) cytoplasm. Digestion of the mtDNA with BamHI, EcoRI, SalI, and XhoI revealed distinct differences between the sterile lines, and six subtypes of the S cytoplasm could be distinguished. Differences between the sterile lines were confirmed by hybridization with a $$\overline{\overline {COX}} II$$ gene probe revealing minor, line-specific hybridization signals. The data presented provide evidence for the existence of considerable variation within the only commercially used source of cms in the sugar beet, the Owen's type of cytoplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231271
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations on an interspecific hybrid involving three species of the genus Beta, with special reference to isozyme polymorphism (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1986), S. 261-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Sugar beet ; Beta lomatogona ; Beta procumbens ; Interspecific hybrid ; Isozyme polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A tetraploid (2n=36) interspecific hybrid was obtained involving three species belonging to three different sections of Beta. The hybrid was highly sterile and did not show apomixis. At meiosis, up to nine bivalents were observed, most probably resulting from autosyndesis of the chromosomes of Beta lomatogona. For nine isozyme systems, individual enzyme expression was investigated in the parental species and in the hybrids. No silencing of genes or genomes was observed. In the case of some polymeric enzymes interspecific heteropolymers could be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289283
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural variation within the genus Beta and its possible use for breeding sugar beet: A review (1990)
    Springer
    Euphytica 49 (1990), S. 57-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: breeding ; Beta vulgaris ; sugar beet ; natural variation ; wild Beta species ; disease resistances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Sugar beet is a relatively young crop, which supposedly has a narrow genetic base. Natural variation occurring in primitive beet varieties and in wild Beta species has been used for breeding sugar beet. This paper reviews information on desirable characteristics in Beta germplasm and the attempts made for the introgression of such characters into commercial breeding material. After an introduction on the availability of germplasm and the possibilities of hybridisation, attention is focussed on the mating system (especially male sterility), on morphological and physiological characteristics, including yield and sugar content, and on resistances to diseases and pests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024131
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The production of alien monosomic additions in Beta vulgaris as a source for the introgression of resistance to beet root nematode (Heterodera schachtii) from Beta species of the section Patellares (1982)
    Springer
    Euphytica 31 (1982), S. 313-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; cultivated beet ; wild Beta species ; resistance ; Heterodera schachtii ; beet root nematode ; interspecific hybridization ; alloploidy ; alien chromosome addition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Experiments were carried out for adding the chromosome carrying resistance to beet root nematode (Heterodera schachtii) from the wild Beta species of the section Patellares (B. procumbens, B. webbiana and B. patellaris) to the genome of B. vulgaris. Preliminary experiments indicated that crosses between the wild species and B. vulgaris cultivars of the mangold type yielded on average more viable F1 hybrids than crosses with sugar and fodderbeet. However, crossability varied strongly between individual parental combinations. It was concluded that most types of B. vulgaris can be hybridized with the wild species of the section Patellares if a sufficient number of pair-crosses is made. Crosses between diploid cultivars or species of the section Vulgares and diploid wild species of the section Patellares yielded many hybrids which, however, were highly sterile. From crosses between tetraploid B. vulgaris and the wild species a great number of viable allotriploid and allotetraploid hybrids was obtained. In the backcross progenies of allotriploid hybrids 26% alien monosomic additions occurred, of which 4.1% carried the resistance bearing chromosome of B. procumbens or B. patellaris. The programme will be continued by sereening progenies of the resistant monosomic addition plants for the occurrence of resistant disomic introgression products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021646
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression in vitro of resistance to Heterodera schachtii in hairy roots of an alien monotelosomic addition plant of Beta vulgaris, transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes (1990)
    Springer
    Euphytica 48 (1990), S. 153-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Beta patellaris ; Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; beet cyst nematode ; Heterodera schachtii ; nematode resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Hairy roots, induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes, were obtained of nematode susceptible beet plants (Beta vulgaris) and of the nematode resistant alien monotelosomic addition AN5, carrying a telosome from B. patellaris. The additional telosome was found to be stably present in vitro in the roots of AN5. The hairy root cultures were inoculated with larvae of the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. On the root culture of AN5 significantly less cysts developed than on the other root cultures. These results indicate that the resistance to the beet cyst nematode is expressed in the roots after transformation and can be monitored under in vitro conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037194
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